Trial Outcomes & Findings for Effects of Post-Stroke Upper Extremity Assistance (NCT NCT05036642)

NCT ID: NCT05036642

Last Updated: 2023-10-25

Results Overview

Change reported as number of tasks where participants on average had increased functionality, no change, or decreased functionality. Lower functional scores are indicative of lower functional levels. The WMFT consists of 17 tasks: Forearm to table (side), Forearm to box (side), Extend elbow (to the side), Extend elbow (to the side) - with weight, Hand to table (front), Hand to box (front), Weight to box, Reach and retrieve, Lift can, Lift pencil, Lift paper clip, Stack checkers, Flip cards, Grip Strength, Turning key In lock, Fold towel, and Lift basket. Fifteen tasks were assessed for this outcome: task 7 (Weight to box) is reported in a separate analysis; task 14 (Grip strength) was excluded due to an inability to acquire the necessary equipment.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

12 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Assessed at baseline (without the device) and after approximately 30 minutes of use with the device.

Results posted on

2023-10-25

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Pilot Phase
Pilot testing by stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support. The device is a mechanical device that consists of two linkages, elastic bands, a commercial posture brace, and a hook-and-loop fastener. The design of the device, with several compliant elements, ensures that one device fits many without joint alignment concerns. No motors or other actuators add energy into the system, meaning that it is stable.
Evaluation Phase
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support. The device is a mechanical device that consists of two linkages, elastic bands, a commercial posture brace, and a hook-and-loop fastener. The design of the device, with several compliant elements, ensures that one device fits many without joint alignment concerns. No motors or other actuators add energy into the system, meaning that it is stable.
Pilot Phase
STARTED
1
0
Pilot Phase
COMPLETED
1
0
Pilot Phase
NOT COMPLETED
0
0
Evaluation Phase
STARTED
0
11
Evaluation Phase
COMPLETED
0
11
Evaluation Phase
NOT COMPLETED
0
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Effects of Post-Stroke Upper Extremity Assistance

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Pilot Phase
n=1 Participants
Pilot testing by stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Evaluation Phase
n=11 Participants
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Total
n=12 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
4 Participants
n=7 Participants
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
7 Participants
n=7 Participants
8 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
3 Participants
n=7 Participants
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
8 Participants
n=7 Participants
9 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
11 Participants
n=7 Participants
12 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
5 Participants
n=7 Participants
5 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
5 Participants
n=7 Participants
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
11 Participants
n=7 Participants
12 Participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed at baseline (without the device) and after approximately 30 minutes of use with the device.

Population: Data for this outcome were collected from participants in the Evaluation phase only.

Change reported as number of tasks where participants on average had increased functionality, no change, or decreased functionality. Lower functional scores are indicative of lower functional levels. The WMFT consists of 17 tasks: Forearm to table (side), Forearm to box (side), Extend elbow (to the side), Extend elbow (to the side) - with weight, Hand to table (front), Hand to box (front), Weight to box, Reach and retrieve, Lift can, Lift pencil, Lift paper clip, Stack checkers, Flip cards, Grip Strength, Turning key In lock, Fold towel, and Lift basket. Fifteen tasks were assessed for this outcome: task 7 (Weight to box) is reported in a separate analysis; task 14 (Grip strength) was excluded due to an inability to acquire the necessary equipment.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Evaluation Phase
n=15 Tasks
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Positive
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Neutral
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Negative
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Very Negative
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Wolf Motor Function Test - Change in Functional Score by Task (WMFT)
Increase functionality
7 Tasks
Wolf Motor Function Test - Change in Functional Score by Task (WMFT)
No change
3 Tasks
Wolf Motor Function Test - Change in Functional Score by Task (WMFT)
Decreased functionality
5 Tasks

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed at baseline (without the device) and after approximately 30 minutes of use with the device.

Population: Data for this outcome were collected from participants in the Evaluation phase only.

Change reported as number of tasks which participants on average performed with increased time, no change, or decreased time. If a participant was unable to complete the task, a time score of 120+ seconds was assigned and converted to 121 for calculation purposes. The WMFT consists of 17 tasks: Forearm to table (side), Forearm to box (side), Extend elbow (to the side), Extend elbow (to the side) - with weight, Hand to table (front), Hand to box (front), Weight to box, Reach and retrieve, Lift can, Lift pencil, Lift paper clip, Stack checkers, Flip cards, Grip Strength, Turning key In lock, Fold towel, and Lift basket. Fifteen tasks were assessed for this outcome: task 7 (Weight to box) is reported in a separate analysis; task 14 (Grip strength) was excluded due to an inability to acquire the necessary equipment.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Evaluation Phase
n=15 Tasks
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Positive
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Neutral
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Negative
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Very Negative
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Wolf Motor Function Test - Change in Completion Time by Task
Increased time
3 Tasks
Wolf Motor Function Test - Change in Completion Time by Task
No change
0 Tasks
Wolf Motor Function Test - Change in Completion Time by Task
Decreased time
12 Tasks

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed at baseline (without the device) and after approximately 5 minutes of use with the device.

Population: Data for this outcome were collected from participants in the Evaluation phase only.

Weight lifted (carried) in task 7 of the WMFT: Weight to box. In this assessment, the participant is seated and lifts weight to a box centered on a table in front of them, while keeping his/her back against the chair.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Evaluation Phase
n=11 Participants
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Positive
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Neutral
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Negative
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Very Negative
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Wolf Motor Function Test - Weight Lifted
No Device
4.6 pounds
Standard Deviation 4.8
Wolf Motor Function Test - Weight Lifted
With Device
6.1 pounds
Standard Deviation 4.8

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed at baseline (without the device) and after approximately 30 minutes of use with the device.

Population: Data for this outcome were collected from participants in the Evaluation phase only.

Participants are instructed to individually flex and extend the elbow and shoulder to trace the largest possible circle that they can reach while keeping the hand and elbow raised to the height of the shoulder while the motion of the arm is tracked with motion capture. The participant was asked to perform 6 motions (3 clockwise and 3 counterclockwise in randomized order). This protocol was originally developed by Sukal et al (2007); to asses post-stroke motor abilities. Successful motion is defined as motion where any part of the arm is within 20cm of shoulder level. The percentage of motion in which successful motion occurred over the total motion was reported.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Evaluation Phase
n=6 Motions
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Positive
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Neutral
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Negative
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Very Negative
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Percentage of Successful Motions
No device
57.5 percentage of motions
Standard Deviation 42.28
Percentage of Successful Motions
With device
69.84 percentage of motions
Standard Deviation 45.07

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed at baseline (without the device) and after approximately 30 minutes of use with the device.

Population: Data for this outcome were collected from participants in the Evaluation phase only.

Participants are instructed to individually flex and extend the elbow and shoulder to trace the largest possible circle that they can reach while keeping the hand and elbow raised to the height of the shoulder while the motion of the arm is tracked with motion capture. This protocol was originally developed by Sukal et al (2007); to asses post-stroke motor abilities. Successful motion is defined as motion where any part of the arm is within 20cm of shoulder level. The distance from the wrist to the trunk was reported for successful motion. Distance closer to the trunk indicates greater ability to correctly perform the task. Negative numbers would indicate the arm was below the trunk; positive numbers would indicate the arm was above the trunk.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Evaluation Phase
n=11 Participants
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Positive
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Neutral
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Negative
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Very Negative
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Reachable Workspace - Mean Distance From Trunk, Successful Motions
No device
-0.07 meters
Standard Deviation 0.07
Reachable Workspace - Mean Distance From Trunk, Successful Motions
With device
-0.05 meters
Standard Deviation 0.07

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed at baseline (without the device) and after approximately 30 minutes of use with the device.

Population: Data for this outcome were collected from participants in the Evaluation phase only.

Participants will be instructed to individually flex and extend the elbow and shoulder to trace the largest possible circle that they can reach while keeping the hand and elbow raised to the height of the shoulder while the motion of the arm is tracked with motion capture. This protocol was originally developed by Sukal et al (2007); to asses post-stroke motor abilities. A larger workspace area indicates fewer upper extremity motor impairments.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Evaluation Phase
n=11 Participants
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Positive
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Neutral
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Negative
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Very Negative
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Reachable Workspace - Area, Successful Motions
No device
0.078 m^2
Standard Deviation 0.084
Reachable Workspace - Area, Successful Motions
With device
0.082 m^2
Standard Deviation 0.073

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed at baseline (without the device) and after approximately 60 minutes of use with the device.

Population: Data for this outcome were collected from participants in the Evaluation phase only.

Participants are instructed to individually flex and extend the elbow and shoulder to trace the largest possible circle that they can reach while keeping the hand and elbow raised to the height of the shoulder while the motion of the arm is tracked with motion capture. This protocol was originally developed by Sukal et al (2007); to asses post-stroke motor abilities. The distance from the wrist to the trunk was reported for all motion. Distance closer to the trunk indicates greater ability to correctly perform the task. Negative numbers would indicate the arm was below the trunk; positive numbers would indicate the arm was above the trunk.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Evaluation Phase
n=11 Participants
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Positive
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Neutral
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Negative
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Very Negative
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Reachable Workspace - Mean Distance From Trunk, All Motions
No device
-0.14 meters
Standard Deviation 0.12
Reachable Workspace - Mean Distance From Trunk, All Motions
With device
-0.12 meters
Standard Deviation 0.12

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: After study procedures have been performed, on day 2 (up to 5 minutes to complete survey)

Population: Data for this outcome were collected from participants in the Evaluation phase only. Participants who completed the survey are included in the analysis.

Closing survey of participants satisfaction with the device (impact, comfort, and responsiveness). Participants rated the experience as very positive, positive, neutral, negative, or very negative.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Evaluation Phase
n=10 Participants
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Positive
n=10 Participants
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Neutral
n=10 Participants
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Negative
n=10 Participants
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Very Negative
n=10 Participants
Stroke survivors with upper extremity motor impairments use a Compliant Passive Arm Support.
Participant Satisfaction Survey
Impact
3 Participants
4 Participants
1 Participants
1 Participants
1 Participants
Participant Satisfaction Survey
Comfort
4 Participants
1 Participants
0 Participants
5 Participants
0 Participants
Participant Satisfaction Survey
Responsiveness
2 Participants
6 Participants
2 Participants
0 Participants
0 Participants

Adverse Events

Pilot Phase

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Evaluation Phase

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Allison Okamura

Stanford University

Phone: (650) 723-3148

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place