Trial Outcomes & Findings for Project 2VIDA! COVID-19 Vaccine Intervention Delivery for Adults in Southern California (NCT NCT05022472)
NCT ID: NCT05022472
Last Updated: 2025-06-06
Results Overview
Based on the definition of the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy (WG), hesitancy refers to "delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccination despite availability of vaccination services. Vaccine hesitancy is complex and context specific, varying across time, place and vaccines. It is influenced by factors such as complacency, convenience and confidence."
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
PHASE4
Target enrollment
1051 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
Baseline (current), and follow-up (4-weeks)
Results posted on
2025-06-06
Participant Flow
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Intervention
We conducted a 2-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 1,051 Latino and African American adults (≥18 years) from six communities and affiliated community health centers (CHCs). Participants were randomized to either the 2VIDA! intervention group (n=517; 3 CHCs) or control (standard of care; n=534; 3 CHCs).
The 2VIDA! intervention included four components: (1) COVID-19 Individual Awareness and Education, (2) COVID-19 Community Outreach and Health Promotion, (3) Individual Health Education and Linkages to Services, and (4) Pop-up Vaccination Stations.
COVID-19 Individual Awareness \& Education: Peer-health educators distributed culturally competent, bilingual (English/Spanish) COVID-19 materials at community centers, door-to-door, local markets, and CBOs. Materials covered prevention, symptoms, testing, vaccines, and debunking myths, and were updated monthly.
Community Outreach \& Health Promotion: Educators partnered with CBOs to deliver live sessions, webinars, and social media outreach on COVID-19 topics, aiming to reach 10,000 viewers per session in each intervention community.
Individual Health Education \& Linkages: COVID-19 Resource Centers were set up at intervention CHCs to offer personalized education and referrals to medical/support services.
Pop-up Vaccination Sites: COVID-19 vaccines were offered at CHCs and temporary community sites in intervention areas to improve access and uptake.
|
Standard of Care
The standard of care for vaccine delivery at the control sites. This includes individuals who make an appointment on their own or receive the vaccine at a health center and may receive information about the vaccine from their primary healthcare provider.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
517
|
534
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
339
|
435
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
178
|
99
|
Reasons for withdrawal
Withdrawal data not reported
Baseline Characteristics
2 participants refused to answer in the standard of care group.
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Intervention
n=517 Participants
We conducted a 2-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 1,051 Latino and African American adults (≥18 years) from six communities and affiliated community health centers (CHCs). Participants were randomized to either the 2VIDA! intervention group (n=517; 3 CHCs) or control (standard of care; n=534; 3 CHCs).
The 2VIDA! intervention included four components: (1) COVID-19 Individual Awareness and Education, (2) COVID-19 Community Outreach and Health Promotion, (3) Individual Health Education and Linkages to Services, and (4) Pop-up Vaccination Stations.
COVID-19 Individual Awareness \& Education: Peer-health educators distributed culturally competent, bilingual (English/Spanish) COVID-19 materials at community centers, door-to-door, local markets, and CBOs. Materials covered prevention, symptoms, testing, vaccines, and debunking myths, and were updated monthly.
Community Outreach \& Health Promotion: Educators partnered with CBOs to deliver live sessions, webinars, and social media outreach on COVID-19 topics, aiming to reach 10,000 viewers per session in each intervention community.
Individual Health Education \& Linkages: COVID-19 Resource Centers were set up at intervention CHCs to offer personalized education and referrals to medical/support services.
Pop-up Vaccination Sites: COVID-19 vaccines were offered at CHCs and temporary community sites in intervention areas to improve access and uptake.
|
Standard of Care
n=534 Participants
The standard of care for vaccine delivery at the control sites. This includes individuals who make an appointment on their own or receive the vaccine at a health center and may receive information about the vaccine from their primary healthcare provider.
|
Total
n=1051 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
|
1 Participants
n=517 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=534 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=1051 Participants
|
|
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
|
449 Participants
n=517 Participants
|
382 Participants
n=534 Participants
|
831 Participants
n=1051 Participants
|
|
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
|
67 Participants
n=517 Participants
|
149 Participants
n=534 Participants
|
216 Participants
n=1051 Participants
|
|
Age, Continuous
|
43.5 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.9 • n=517 Participants
|
52.7 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 17.4 • n=534 Participants
|
48.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 17.8 • n=1051 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Sex · Female
|
272 Participants
n=517 Participants • 2 participants refused to answer in the standard of care group.
|
358 Participants
n=532 Participants • 2 participants refused to answer in the standard of care group.
|
630 Participants
n=1049 Participants • 2 participants refused to answer in the standard of care group.
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Sex · Male
|
245 Participants
n=517 Participants • 2 participants refused to answer in the standard of care group.
|
174 Participants
n=532 Participants • 2 participants refused to answer in the standard of care group.
|
419 Participants
n=1049 Participants • 2 participants refused to answer in the standard of care group.
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Race/Ethnicity · AI/AN/Asian/NH/PI
|
6 Participants
n=517 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=534 Participants
|
17 Participants
n=1051 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Race/Ethnicity · Black or African American
|
34 Participants
n=517 Participants
|
29 Participants
n=534 Participants
|
63 Participants
n=1051 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Race/Ethnicity · Hispanic or Latino/a
|
460 Participants
n=517 Participants
|
475 Participants
n=534 Participants
|
935 Participants
n=1051 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Race/Ethnicity · White
|
5 Participants
n=517 Participants
|
10 Participants
n=534 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=1051 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Race/Ethnicity · Multiracial
|
8 Participants
n=517 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=534 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=1051 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Race/Ethnicity · Don't know/Refuse to answer
|
4 Participants
n=517 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=534 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=1051 Participants
|
|
Region of Enrollment
United States
|
517 participants
n=517 Participants
|
534 participants
n=534 Participants
|
1051 participants
n=1051 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline (current), and follow-up (4-weeks)Based on the definition of the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy (WG), hesitancy refers to "delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccination despite availability of vaccination services. Vaccine hesitancy is complex and context specific, varying across time, place and vaccines. It is influenced by factors such as complacency, convenience and confidence."
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=339 Participants
We conducted a 2-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 1,051 Latino and African American adults (≥18 years) from six communities and affiliated community health centers (CHCs). Participants were randomized to either the 2VIDA! intervention group (n=517; 3 CHCs) or control (standard of care; n=534; 3 CHCs).
The 2VIDA! intervention included four components: (1) COVID-19 Individual Awareness and Education, (2) COVID-19 Community Outreach and Health Promotion, (3) Individual Health Education and Linkages to Services, and (4) Pop-up Vaccination Stations.
COVID-19 Individual Awareness \& Education: Peer-health educators distributed culturally competent, bilingual (English/Spanish) COVID-19 materials at community centers, door-to-door, local markets, and CBOs. Materials covered prevention, symptoms, testing, vaccines, and debunking myths, and were updated monthly.
Community Outreach \& Health Promotion: Educators partnered with CBOs to deliver live sessions, webinars, and social media outreach on COVID-19 topics, aiming to reach 10,000 viewers per session in each intervention community.
Individual Health Education \& Linkages: COVID-19 Resource Centers were set up at intervention CHCs to offer personalized education and referrals to medical/support services.
Pop-up Vaccination Sites: COVID-19 vaccines were offered at CHCs and temporary community sites in intervention areas to improve access and uptake.
|
Standard of Care
n=435 Participants
The standard of care for vaccine delivery at the control sites. This includes individuals who make an appointment on their own or receive the vaccine at a health center and may receive information about the vaccine from their primary healthcare provider.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on Health Department guidance · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on Health Department guidance · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on Health Department guidance · Yes
|
165 Participants
|
157 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on Health Department guidance · No
|
174 Participants
|
278 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on Health Department guidance · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on Health Department guidance · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on Health Department guidance · Yes
|
186 Participants
|
204 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on Health Department guidance · No
|
153 Participants
|
231 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on proven long-term safety · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on proven long-term safety · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on proven long-term safety · Yes
|
83 Participants
|
72 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on proven long-term safety · No
|
256 Participants
|
363 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on its use in other countries. · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on proven long-term safety · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on proven long-term safety · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on proven long-term safety · Yes
|
86 Participants
|
85 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on its use in other countries. · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on its use in other countries. · Yes
|
36 Participants
|
52 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on proven long-term safety · No
|
253 Participants
|
350 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on its use in other countries. · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on its use in other countries. · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on its use in other countries. · Yes
|
38 Participants
|
28 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on its use in other countries. · No
|
301 Participants
|
407 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Baseline: I believe a vaccine can help control the spread of COVID-19 · Agree
|
282 Participants
|
387 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Baseline: I believe a vaccine can help control the spread of COVID-19 · Disagree or Neutral
|
57 Participants
|
48 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Baseline: I believe a vaccine can help control the spread of COVID-19 · Yes
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Baseline: I believe a vaccine can help control the spread of COVID-19 · No
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Follow-up: I believe a vaccine can help control the spread of COVID-19 · Agree
|
274 Participants
|
366 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Follow-up: I believe a vaccine can help control the spread of COVID-19 · Disagree or Neutral
|
65 Participants
|
69 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Follow-up: I believe a vaccine can help control the spread of COVID-19 · Yes
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Follow-up: I believe a vaccine can help control the spread of COVID-19 · No
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Baseline: If I knew I had been infected with COVID-19 before, I would not get the vaccine. · Agree
|
61 Participants
|
85 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Baseline: If I knew I had been infected with COVID-19 before, I would not get the vaccine. · Disagree or Neutral
|
278 Participants
|
350 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Baseline: If I knew I had been infected with COVID-19 before, I would not get the vaccine. · Yes
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Baseline: If I knew I had been infected with COVID-19 before, I would not get the vaccine. · No
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Follow-up: If I knew I had been infected with COVID-19 before, I would not get the vaccine. · Agree
|
50 Participants
|
54 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Follow-up: If I knew I had been infected with COVID-19 before, I would not get the vaccine. · Disagree or Neutral
|
289 Participants
|
381 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Follow-up: If I knew I had been infected with COVID-19 before, I would not get the vaccine. · Yes
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Follow-up: If I knew I had been infected with COVID-19 before, I would not get the vaccine. · No
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Baseline: When everyone else is vaccinated against COVID-19, then I don't have to get vaccinated. · Agree
|
34 Participants
|
46 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Baseline: When everyone else is vaccinated against COVID-19, then I don't have to get vaccinated. · Disagree or Neutral
|
305 Participants
|
389 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Baseline: When everyone else is vaccinated against COVID-19, then I don't have to get vaccinated. · Yes
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Baseline: When everyone else is vaccinated against COVID-19, then I don't have to get vaccinated. · No
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Follow-up: When everyone else is vaccinated against COVID-19, then I don't have to get vaccinated. · Agree
|
34 Participants
|
32 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Follow-up: When everyone else is vaccinated against COVID-19, then I don't have to get vaccinated. · Disagree or Neutral
|
305 Participants
|
403 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Follow-up: When everyone else is vaccinated against COVID-19, then I don't have to get vaccinated. · Yes
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
Follow-up: When everyone else is vaccinated against COVID-19, then I don't have to get vaccinated. · No
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) The country where the COVID-19 vaccine is made affects my decision to get vaccinated. · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) The country where the COVID-19 vaccine is made affects my decision to get vaccinated. · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) The country where the COVID-19 vaccine is made affects my decision to get vaccinated. · Yes
|
65 Participants
|
51 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) The country where the COVID-19 vaccine is made affects my decision to get vaccinated. · No
|
274 Participants
|
384 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) The country where the COVID-19 vaccine is made affects my decision to get vaccinated. · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) The country where the COVID-19 vaccine is made affects my decision to get vaccinated. · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) The country where the COVID-19 vaccine is made affects my decision to get vaccinated. · Yes
|
57 Participants
|
54 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) The country where the COVID-19 vaccine is made affects my decision to get vaccinated. · No
|
282 Participants
|
381 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on my family doctor's recommendation · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on my family doctor's recommendation · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on my family doctor's recommendation · Yes
|
131 Participants
|
220 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on my family doctor's recommendation · No
|
208 Participants
|
215 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on my family doctor's recommendation · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on my family doctor's recommendation · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on my family doctor's recommendation · Yes
|
153 Participants
|
259 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on my family doctor's recommendation · No
|
186 Participants
|
176 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on its use in other countries. · No
|
303 Participants
|
383 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on my risk of infection at the time · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on my risk of infection at the time · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on my risk of infection at the time · Yes
|
83 Participants
|
119 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on my risk of infection at the time · No
|
256 Participants
|
316 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on my risk of infection at the time · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on my risk of infection at the time · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on my risk of infection at the time · Yes
|
75 Participants
|
117 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on my risk of infection at the time · No
|
264 Participants
|
318 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on how easy it is to access. · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on how easy it is to access. · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on how easy it is to access. · Yes
|
100 Participants
|
80 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on how easy it is to access. · No
|
239 Participants
|
355 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on how easy it is to access. · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on how easy it is to access. · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on how easy it is to access. · Yes
|
104 Participants
|
109 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on how easy it is to access. · No
|
235 Participants
|
326 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on whether it's free of charge · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on whether it's free of charge · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on whether it's free of charge · Yes
|
109 Participants
|
112 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on whether it's free of charge · No
|
230 Participants
|
323 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on whether it's free of charge · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on whether it's free of charge · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on whether it's free of charge · Yes
|
125 Participants
|
126 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on whether it's free of charge · No
|
214 Participants
|
309 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision depends on whether vaccines help end movement and gathering limits · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision depends on whether vaccines help end movement and gathering limits · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision depends on whether vaccines help end movement and gathering limits · Yes
|
41 Participants
|
37 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision depends on whether vaccines help end movement and gathering limits · No
|
298 Participants
|
398 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision depends on whether vaccines help end movement and gathering limits · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision depends on whether vaccines help end movement and gathering limits · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision depends on whether vaccines help end movement and gathering limits · Yes
|
58 Participants
|
65 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision depends on whether vaccines help end movement and gathering limits · No
|
281 Participants
|
370 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on other factors (please specify) · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on other factors (please specify) · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on other factors (please specify) · Yes
|
28 Participants
|
27 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Baseline) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on other factors (please specify) · No
|
311 Participants
|
408 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on other factors (please specify) · Agree
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on other factors (please specify) · Disagree or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on other factors (please specify) · Yes
|
36 Participants
|
51 Participants
|
|
Change in Vaccine Hesitancy
(Follow-up) My decision to get the COVID-19 vaccine depends on other factors (please specify) · No
|
303 Participants
|
384 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline and follow-up (4-weeks)Assessment of ease/difficulty in finding information on symptoms, finding out what to do if infected, understand what authorities say, judge reliability of information, follow recommendations, decide on prevention behaviors. (Adapted from the WHO COVID-19 Survey Tool and Guidance).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=339 Participants
We conducted a 2-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 1,051 Latino and African American adults (≥18 years) from six communities and affiliated community health centers (CHCs). Participants were randomized to either the 2VIDA! intervention group (n=517; 3 CHCs) or control (standard of care; n=534; 3 CHCs).
The 2VIDA! intervention included four components: (1) COVID-19 Individual Awareness and Education, (2) COVID-19 Community Outreach and Health Promotion, (3) Individual Health Education and Linkages to Services, and (4) Pop-up Vaccination Stations.
COVID-19 Individual Awareness \& Education: Peer-health educators distributed culturally competent, bilingual (English/Spanish) COVID-19 materials at community centers, door-to-door, local markets, and CBOs. Materials covered prevention, symptoms, testing, vaccines, and debunking myths, and were updated monthly.
Community Outreach \& Health Promotion: Educators partnered with CBOs to deliver live sessions, webinars, and social media outreach on COVID-19 topics, aiming to reach 10,000 viewers per session in each intervention community.
Individual Health Education \& Linkages: COVID-19 Resource Centers were set up at intervention CHCs to offer personalized education and referrals to medical/support services.
Pop-up Vaccination Sites: COVID-19 vaccines were offered at CHCs and temporary community sites in intervention areas to improve access and uptake.
|
Standard of Care
n=435 Participants
The standard of care for vaccine delivery at the control sites. This includes individuals who make an appointment on their own or receive the vaccine at a health center and may receive information about the vaccine from their primary healthcare provider.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Baseline) How easy is it to find the COVID-19 information you need? · Easy
|
258 Participants
|
323 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Baseline) How easy is it to find the COVID-19 information you need? · Difficult or Neutral
|
81 Participants
|
112 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Follow-up) How easy is it to find the COVID-19 information you need? · Easy
|
265 Participants
|
337 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Follow-up) How easy is it to find the COVID-19 information you need? · Difficult or Neutral
|
74 Participants
|
98 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Baseline) How easy is it to understand what to do if you think you have COVID-19? · Easy
|
244 Participants
|
309 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Baseline) How easy is it to understand what to do if you think you have COVID-19? · Difficult or Neutral
|
95 Participants
|
126 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Follow-up) How easy is it to understand what to do if you think you have COVID-19? · Easy
|
254 Participants
|
337 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Follow-up) How easy is it to understand what to do if you think you have COVID-19? · Difficult or Neutral
|
85 Participants
|
98 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Baseline) How easy is it to judge if COVID-19 info in the media is reliable? · Easy
|
146 Participants
|
224 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Baseline) How easy is it to judge if COVID-19 info in the media is reliable? · Difficult or Neutral
|
193 Participants
|
211 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Follow-up) How easy is it to judge if COVID-19 info in the media is reliable? · Easy
|
174 Participants
|
223 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Follow-up) How easy is it to judge if COVID-19 info in the media is reliable? · Difficult or Neutral
|
165 Participants
|
212 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Baseline) How easy is it to understand COVID-19 rules and recommendations from authorities? · Easy
|
241 Participants
|
318 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Baseline) How easy is it to understand COVID-19 rules and recommendations from authorities? · Difficult or Neutral
|
98 Participants
|
117 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Follow-up) How easy is it to understand COVID-19 rules and recommendations from authorities? · Easy
|
266 Participants
|
350 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Follow-up) How easy is it to understand COVID-19 rules and recommendations from authorities? · Difficult or Neutral
|
73 Participants
|
85 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Baseline) How easy is it to follow recommendations to protect yourself from COVID-19? · Easy
|
278 Participants
|
355 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Baseline) How easy is it to follow recommendations to protect yourself from COVID-19? · Difficult or Neutral
|
61 Participants
|
80 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Follow-up) How easy is it to follow recommendations to protect yourself from COVID-19? · Easy
|
274 Participants
|
372 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Follow-up) How easy is it to follow recommendations to protect yourself from COVID-19? · Difficult or Neutral
|
65 Participants
|
63 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Baseline) How easy is it to understand when to stay home from work or school due to COVID-19? · Easy
|
266 Participants
|
357 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Baseline) How easy is it to understand when to stay home from work or school due to COVID-19? · Difficult or Neutral
|
73 Participants
|
78 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Follow-up) How easy is it to understand when to stay home from work or school due to COVID-19? · Easy
|
277 Participants
|
365 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Follow-up) How easy is it to understand when to stay home from work or school due to COVID-19? · Difficult or Neutral
|
62 Participants
|
70 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Baseline) How easy is it to follow recommendations on when to stay home from work or school? · Easy
|
251 Participants
|
341 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Baseline) How easy is it to follow recommendations on when to stay home from work or school? · Difficult or Neutral
|
88 Participants
|
94 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Follow-up) How easy is it to follow recommendations on when to stay home from work or school? · Easy
|
265 Participants
|
356 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Follow-up) How easy is it to follow recommendations on when to stay home from work or school? · Difficult or Neutral
|
74 Participants
|
79 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Baseline) How easy is it to understand when to engage in social activities or avoid them? · Easy
|
271 Participants
|
351 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Baseline) How easy is it to understand when to engage in social activities or avoid them? · Difficult or Neutral
|
68 Participants
|
84 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Follow-up) How easy is it to understand when to engage in social activities or avoid them? · Easy
|
280 Participants
|
360 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Follow-up) How easy is it to understand when to engage in social activities or avoid them? · Difficult or Neutral
|
59 Participants
|
75 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Baseline) How easy is it to follow advice on when to engage in or avoid social activities? · Easy
|
261 Participants
|
341 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Baseline) How easy is it to follow advice on when to engage in or avoid social activities? · Difficult or Neutral
|
78 Participants
|
94 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Follow-up) How easy is it to follow advice on when to engage in or avoid social activities? · Easy
|
269 Participants
|
355 Participants
|
|
Change in Health Literacy
(Follow-up) How easy is it to follow advice on when to engage in or avoid social activities? · Difficult or Neutral
|
70 Participants
|
80 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline and follow-up (4-weeks)Self-assessed probability and susceptibility to of contracting COVID-19 and self-assessed severity in case of contracting COVID-19. (Adapted from the WHO COVID-19 Survey Tool and Guidance).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=339 Participants
We conducted a 2-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 1,051 Latino and African American adults (≥18 years) from six communities and affiliated community health centers (CHCs). Participants were randomized to either the 2VIDA! intervention group (n=517; 3 CHCs) or control (standard of care; n=534; 3 CHCs).
The 2VIDA! intervention included four components: (1) COVID-19 Individual Awareness and Education, (2) COVID-19 Community Outreach and Health Promotion, (3) Individual Health Education and Linkages to Services, and (4) Pop-up Vaccination Stations.
COVID-19 Individual Awareness \& Education: Peer-health educators distributed culturally competent, bilingual (English/Spanish) COVID-19 materials at community centers, door-to-door, local markets, and CBOs. Materials covered prevention, symptoms, testing, vaccines, and debunking myths, and were updated monthly.
Community Outreach \& Health Promotion: Educators partnered with CBOs to deliver live sessions, webinars, and social media outreach on COVID-19 topics, aiming to reach 10,000 viewers per session in each intervention community.
Individual Health Education \& Linkages: COVID-19 Resource Centers were set up at intervention CHCs to offer personalized education and referrals to medical/support services.
Pop-up Vaccination Sites: COVID-19 vaccines were offered at CHCs and temporary community sites in intervention areas to improve access and uptake.
|
Standard of Care
n=435 Participants
The standard of care for vaccine delivery at the control sites. This includes individuals who make an appointment on their own or receive the vaccine at a health center and may receive information about the vaccine from their primary healthcare provider.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Change in COVID-19 Risk Perception (Probability and Severity)
(Baseline) How likely do you think are your chances of getting sick with COVID-19? · Likely
|
160 Participants
|
222 Participants
|
|
Change in COVID-19 Risk Perception (Probability and Severity)
(Baseline) How likely do you think are your chances of getting sick with COVID-19? · Unlikely or Neutral
|
179 Participants
|
213 Participants
|
|
Change in COVID-19 Risk Perception (Probability and Severity)
(Baseline) How likely do you think are your chances of getting sick with COVID-19? · Severe
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in COVID-19 Risk Perception (Probability and Severity)
(Baseline) How likely do you think are your chances of getting sick with COVID-19? · Not severe or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in COVID-19 Risk Perception (Probability and Severity)
(Follow-up) How likely do you think are your chances of getting sick with COVID-19? · Likely
|
165 Participants
|
200 Participants
|
|
Change in COVID-19 Risk Perception (Probability and Severity)
(Follow-up) How likely do you think are your chances of getting sick with COVID-19? · Unlikely or Neutral
|
174 Participants
|
235 Participants
|
|
Change in COVID-19 Risk Perception (Probability and Severity)
(Follow-up) How likely do you think are your chances of getting sick with COVID-19? · Severe
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in COVID-19 Risk Perception (Probability and Severity)
(Follow-up) How likely do you think are your chances of getting sick with COVID-19? · Not severe or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in COVID-19 Risk Perception (Probability and Severity)
(Baseline) How seriously sick do you think you will be if you got COVID-19? · Likely
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in COVID-19 Risk Perception (Probability and Severity)
(Baseline) How seriously sick do you think you will be if you got COVID-19? · Unlikely or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in COVID-19 Risk Perception (Probability and Severity)
(Baseline) How seriously sick do you think you will be if you got COVID-19? · Severe
|
54 Participants
|
87 Participants
|
|
Change in COVID-19 Risk Perception (Probability and Severity)
(Baseline) How seriously sick do you think you will be if you got COVID-19? · Not severe or Neutral
|
285 Participants
|
348 Participants
|
|
Change in COVID-19 Risk Perception (Probability and Severity)
(Follow-up) How seriously sick do you think you will be if you got COVID-19? · Likely
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in COVID-19 Risk Perception (Probability and Severity)
(Follow-up) How seriously sick do you think you will be if you got COVID-19? · Unlikely or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in COVID-19 Risk Perception (Probability and Severity)
(Follow-up) How seriously sick do you think you will be if you got COVID-19? · Severe
|
57 Participants
|
87 Participants
|
|
Change in COVID-19 Risk Perception (Probability and Severity)
(Follow-up) How seriously sick do you think you will be if you got COVID-19? · Not severe or Neutral
|
282 Participants
|
348 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline and follow-up (4-weeks)Self-assessed COVID-19 self-protection and avoidance ability. (Adapted from the WHO COVID-19 Survey Tool and Guidance).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=339 Participants
We conducted a 2-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 1,051 Latino and African American adults (≥18 years) from six communities and affiliated community health centers (CHCs). Participants were randomized to either the 2VIDA! intervention group (n=517; 3 CHCs) or control (standard of care; n=534; 3 CHCs).
The 2VIDA! intervention included four components: (1) COVID-19 Individual Awareness and Education, (2) COVID-19 Community Outreach and Health Promotion, (3) Individual Health Education and Linkages to Services, and (4) Pop-up Vaccination Stations.
COVID-19 Individual Awareness \& Education: Peer-health educators distributed culturally competent, bilingual (English/Spanish) COVID-19 materials at community centers, door-to-door, local markets, and CBOs. Materials covered prevention, symptoms, testing, vaccines, and debunking myths, and were updated monthly.
Community Outreach \& Health Promotion: Educators partnered with CBOs to deliver live sessions, webinars, and social media outreach on COVID-19 topics, aiming to reach 10,000 viewers per session in each intervention community.
Individual Health Education \& Linkages: COVID-19 Resource Centers were set up at intervention CHCs to offer personalized education and referrals to medical/support services.
Pop-up Vaccination Sites: COVID-19 vaccines were offered at CHCs and temporary community sites in intervention areas to improve access and uptake.
|
Standard of Care
n=435 Participants
The standard of care for vaccine delivery at the control sites. This includes individuals who make an appointment on their own or receive the vaccine at a health center and may receive information about the vaccine from their primary healthcare provider.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Change in Preparedness and Perceived Self-efficacy
(Follow-up) I know how to protect myself from coronavirus · Easy
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Preparedness and Perceived Self-efficacy
(Follow-up) I know how to protect myself from coronavirus · Difficult or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Preparedness and Perceived Self-efficacy
(Follow-up) I know how to protect myself from coronavirus · Very much
|
245 Participants
|
320 Participants
|
|
Change in Preparedness and Perceived Self-efficacy
(Baseline) I feel that avoiding an infection with COVID-19 in the current situation is… · Easy
|
161 Participants
|
238 Participants
|
|
Change in Preparedness and Perceived Self-efficacy
(Baseline) I feel that avoiding an infection with COVID-19 in the current situation is… · Difficult or Neutral
|
178 Participants
|
197 Participants
|
|
Change in Preparedness and Perceived Self-efficacy
(Baseline) I feel that avoiding an infection with COVID-19 in the current situation is… · Very much
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Preparedness and Perceived Self-efficacy
(Baseline) I feel that avoiding an infection with COVID-19 in the current situation is… · Not very much or at all
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Preparedness and Perceived Self-efficacy
(Follow-up) I feel that avoiding an infection with COVID-19 in the current situation is… · Easy
|
161 Participants
|
257 Participants
|
|
Change in Preparedness and Perceived Self-efficacy
(Follow-up) I feel that avoiding an infection with COVID-19 in the current situation is… · Difficult or Neutral
|
178 Participants
|
178 Participants
|
|
Change in Preparedness and Perceived Self-efficacy
(Follow-up) I feel that avoiding an infection with COVID-19 in the current situation is… · Very much
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Preparedness and Perceived Self-efficacy
(Follow-up) I feel that avoiding an infection with COVID-19 in the current situation is… · Not very much or at all
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Preparedness and Perceived Self-efficacy
(Baseline) I know how to protect myself from coronavirus · Easy
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Preparedness and Perceived Self-efficacy
(Baseline) I know how to protect myself from coronavirus · Difficult or Neutral
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Change in Preparedness and Perceived Self-efficacy
(Baseline) I know how to protect myself from coronavirus · Very much
|
249 Participants
|
306 Participants
|
|
Change in Preparedness and Perceived Self-efficacy
(Baseline) I know how to protect myself from coronavirus · Not very much or at all
|
90 Participants
|
129 Participants
|
|
Change in Preparedness and Perceived Self-efficacy
(Follow-up) I know how to protect myself from coronavirus · Not very much or at all
|
94 Participants
|
115 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline (current)Type of insurance was assessed. (Adapted from the National Health Interview Survey 2020)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=339 Participants
We conducted a 2-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 1,051 Latino and African American adults (≥18 years) from six communities and affiliated community health centers (CHCs). Participants were randomized to either the 2VIDA! intervention group (n=517; 3 CHCs) or control (standard of care; n=534; 3 CHCs).
The 2VIDA! intervention included four components: (1) COVID-19 Individual Awareness and Education, (2) COVID-19 Community Outreach and Health Promotion, (3) Individual Health Education and Linkages to Services, and (4) Pop-up Vaccination Stations.
COVID-19 Individual Awareness \& Education: Peer-health educators distributed culturally competent, bilingual (English/Spanish) COVID-19 materials at community centers, door-to-door, local markets, and CBOs. Materials covered prevention, symptoms, testing, vaccines, and debunking myths, and were updated monthly.
Community Outreach \& Health Promotion: Educators partnered with CBOs to deliver live sessions, webinars, and social media outreach on COVID-19 topics, aiming to reach 10,000 viewers per session in each intervention community.
Individual Health Education \& Linkages: COVID-19 Resource Centers were set up at intervention CHCs to offer personalized education and referrals to medical/support services.
Pop-up Vaccination Sites: COVID-19 vaccines were offered at CHCs and temporary community sites in intervention areas to improve access and uptake.
|
Standard of Care
n=435 Participants
The standard of care for vaccine delivery at the control sites. This includes individuals who make an appointment on their own or receive the vaccine at a health center and may receive information about the vaccine from their primary healthcare provider.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Access to Health Care and Utilization
Government Funding
|
126 Participants
|
339 Participants
|
|
Access to Health Care and Utilization
Private insurance (through your work)/Parents
|
80 Participants
|
42 Participants
|
|
Access to Health Care and Utilization
Self-pay, out of pocket/I don't have any type of health insurance
|
120 Participants
|
47 Participants
|
|
Access to Health Care and Utilization
Other/Don't know/Refuse to answer
|
13 Participants
|
7 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: BaselinePopulation: Ever told by a medical provider they had a chronic illness
History of having medical conditions that could exacerbate COVID-19 infection including: type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, heart conditions (e.g., coronary artery disease), obesity (e.g., body mass index of 30kg/m2 or higher but \<40km/m2), severe obesity (e.g., BMI \>40 kg/m2), asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), smoking. "Ever told by a medical provider they had a chronic illness"
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=339 Participants
We conducted a 2-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 1,051 Latino and African American adults (≥18 years) from six communities and affiliated community health centers (CHCs). Participants were randomized to either the 2VIDA! intervention group (n=517; 3 CHCs) or control (standard of care; n=534; 3 CHCs).
The 2VIDA! intervention included four components: (1) COVID-19 Individual Awareness and Education, (2) COVID-19 Community Outreach and Health Promotion, (3) Individual Health Education and Linkages to Services, and (4) Pop-up Vaccination Stations.
COVID-19 Individual Awareness \& Education: Peer-health educators distributed culturally competent, bilingual (English/Spanish) COVID-19 materials at community centers, door-to-door, local markets, and CBOs. Materials covered prevention, symptoms, testing, vaccines, and debunking myths, and were updated monthly.
Community Outreach \& Health Promotion: Educators partnered with CBOs to deliver live sessions, webinars, and social media outreach on COVID-19 topics, aiming to reach 10,000 viewers per session in each intervention community.
Individual Health Education \& Linkages: COVID-19 Resource Centers were set up at intervention CHCs to offer personalized education and referrals to medical/support services.
Pop-up Vaccination Sites: COVID-19 vaccines were offered at CHCs and temporary community sites in intervention areas to improve access and uptake.
|
Standard of Care
n=435 Participants
The standard of care for vaccine delivery at the control sites. This includes individuals who make an appointment on their own or receive the vaccine at a health center and may receive information about the vaccine from their primary healthcare provider.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Health History
Yes
|
161 Participants
|
320 Participants
|
|
Health History
No
|
149 Participants
|
97 Participants
|
|
Health History
Don't know/Refuse to answer
|
29 Participants
|
18 Participants
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: Baseline and follow-up (4-weeks)Affect related to COVID-19 including: close, spreading, constant, fear-inducing, media hyped, helpless, stressful, etc. (Adapted from the WHO COVID-19 Survey Tool and Guidance). From "Close to me" (0) to "Far away from me" (7) From "Spreading slowly" (0) to "Spreading fast" (7) From "Something I think about all the time" (0) to "Something I almost never think about" (7) From "Fear-inducing" (0) to "Not fear-inducing" (7) From "Media hyped" (0) "Not media hyped" (7) From "Something that makes me feel helpless" (0) to "Something I am able to combat with my own action" (7) From "Stressful" (0) to "Not stressful" (7) "Please drag and drop the slider to the statements below that best represents how you feel. There are no right or wrong answers. COVID-19 to me feels:"
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=339 Participants
We conducted a 2-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 1,051 Latino and African American adults (≥18 years) from six communities and affiliated community health centers (CHCs). Participants were randomized to either the 2VIDA! intervention group (n=517; 3 CHCs) or control (standard of care; n=534; 3 CHCs).
The 2VIDA! intervention included four components: (1) COVID-19 Individual Awareness and Education, (2) COVID-19 Community Outreach and Health Promotion, (3) Individual Health Education and Linkages to Services, and (4) Pop-up Vaccination Stations.
COVID-19 Individual Awareness \& Education: Peer-health educators distributed culturally competent, bilingual (English/Spanish) COVID-19 materials at community centers, door-to-door, local markets, and CBOs. Materials covered prevention, symptoms, testing, vaccines, and debunking myths, and were updated monthly.
Community Outreach \& Health Promotion: Educators partnered with CBOs to deliver live sessions, webinars, and social media outreach on COVID-19 topics, aiming to reach 10,000 viewers per session in each intervention community.
Individual Health Education \& Linkages: COVID-19 Resource Centers were set up at intervention CHCs to offer personalized education and referrals to medical/support services.
Pop-up Vaccination Sites: COVID-19 vaccines were offered at CHCs and temporary community sites in intervention areas to improve access and uptake.
|
Standard of Care
n=435 Participants
The standard of care for vaccine delivery at the control sites. This includes individuals who make an appointment on their own or receive the vaccine at a health center and may receive information about the vaccine from their primary healthcare provider.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Affect
Baseline: Close to me (0-7) Far away from me
|
3.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.1
|
4.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.3
|
|
Affect
Baseline: Spreading slowly (0-7) Spreading fast
|
4.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.0
|
4.6 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.1
|
|
Affect
Baseline: Always on my mind (0-7) Rarely on my mind
|
3.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.1
|
4.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.1
|
|
Affect
Baseline: Fear-inducing (0-7) Not fear-inducing
|
3.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.2
|
4.1 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.2
|
|
Affect
Baseline: Media hyped (0-7) Not media hyped
|
4.0 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.1
|
4.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.1
|
|
Affect
Baseline: Makes me feel helpless (0-7) I can combat it with my actions
|
4.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.0
|
4.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.0
|
|
Affect
Baseline: Stressful (0-7) Not stressful
|
3.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.3
|
4.1 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.3
|
|
Affect
Follow-up: Close to me (0-7) Far away from me
|
4.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.0
|
4.6 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.9
|
|
Affect
Follow-up: Media hyped (0-7) Not media hyped
|
4.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.9
|
4.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.9
|
|
Affect
Follow-up: Feel helpless (0-7) Can act to combat it
|
4.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.8
|
4.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.7
|
|
Affect
Follow-up: Stressful (0-7) Not stressful
|
4.0 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.1
|
4.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.2
|
|
Affect
Follow-up: Spreading slowly (0-7) Spreading fast
|
4.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.9
|
4.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.0
|
|
Affect
Follow-up: Something I think about all the time (0-7) Something I almost never think about
|
4.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.8
|
4.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.9
|
|
Affect
Follow-up: Fear-inducing (0-7) Not fear-inducing
|
4.1 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.0
|
4.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.0
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: Baseline and follow-up (4-weeks)Use of information sources including television, newspaper, health workers, social media, radio, health department, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), hotlines, official websites, and celebrities. (Adapted from the WHO COVID-19 Survey Tool and Guidance). "How often do you use the following sources for information about COVID-19?"
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=339 Participants
We conducted a 2-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 1,051 Latino and African American adults (≥18 years) from six communities and affiliated community health centers (CHCs). Participants were randomized to either the 2VIDA! intervention group (n=517; 3 CHCs) or control (standard of care; n=534; 3 CHCs).
The 2VIDA! intervention included four components: (1) COVID-19 Individual Awareness and Education, (2) COVID-19 Community Outreach and Health Promotion, (3) Individual Health Education and Linkages to Services, and (4) Pop-up Vaccination Stations.
COVID-19 Individual Awareness \& Education: Peer-health educators distributed culturally competent, bilingual (English/Spanish) COVID-19 materials at community centers, door-to-door, local markets, and CBOs. Materials covered prevention, symptoms, testing, vaccines, and debunking myths, and were updated monthly.
Community Outreach \& Health Promotion: Educators partnered with CBOs to deliver live sessions, webinars, and social media outreach on COVID-19 topics, aiming to reach 10,000 viewers per session in each intervention community.
Individual Health Education \& Linkages: COVID-19 Resource Centers were set up at intervention CHCs to offer personalized education and referrals to medical/support services.
Pop-up Vaccination Sites: COVID-19 vaccines were offered at CHCs and temporary community sites in intervention areas to improve access and uptake.
|
Standard of Care
n=435 Participants
The standard of care for vaccine delivery at the control sites. This includes individuals who make an appointment on their own or receive the vaccine at a health center and may receive information about the vaccine from their primary healthcare provider.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: Television · Often
|
127 Participants
|
211 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: Socia Media · Often
|
96 Participants
|
114 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: Health department · Not often or never
|
135 Participants
|
165 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: Television · Not often or never
|
212 Participants
|
224 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: Newspapers · Often
|
49 Participants
|
60 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: Newspapers · Not often or never
|
290 Participants
|
375 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: Health Workers · Often
|
189 Participants
|
291 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: Health Workers · Not often or never
|
150 Participants
|
144 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: Socia Media · Not often or never
|
243 Participants
|
321 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: Radio · Often
|
89 Participants
|
87 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: Radio · Not often or never
|
250 Participants
|
348 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: Health department · Often
|
204 Participants
|
270 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: CDC · Often
|
190 Participants
|
250 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: CDC · Not often or never
|
149 Participants
|
185 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: Celebrities or social media influencers · Often
|
47 Participants
|
60 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: Celebrities or social media influencers · Not often or never
|
292 Participants
|
375 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: WHO · Often
|
170 Participants
|
236 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: WHO · Not often or never
|
169 Participants
|
199 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: COVID-19 Hotlines · Often
|
144 Participants
|
192 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: COVID-19 Hotlines · Not often or never
|
195 Participants
|
243 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: National COVID-19 information website · Often
|
163 Participants
|
206 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Baseline: National COVID-19 information website · Not often or never
|
176 Participants
|
229 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: Television · Often
|
117 Participants
|
192 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: Television · Not often or never
|
222 Participants
|
243 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: Newspapers · Often
|
41 Participants
|
49 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: Newspapers · Not often or never
|
298 Participants
|
386 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: Health workers · Often
|
201 Participants
|
289 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: Health workers · Not often or never
|
138 Participants
|
146 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: Social media · Often
|
76 Participants
|
95 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: Social media · Not often or never
|
263 Participants
|
340 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: Radio · Often
|
70 Participants
|
83 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: Radio · Not often or never
|
269 Participants
|
352 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: Health department · Often
|
193 Participants
|
275 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: Health department · Not often or never
|
146 Participants
|
160 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: CDC · Often
|
167 Participants
|
254 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: CDC · Not often or never
|
172 Participants
|
181 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: Celebrities or social media influencers · Often
|
39 Participants
|
56 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: Celebrities or social media influencers · Not often or never
|
300 Participants
|
379 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: WHO · Often
|
160 Participants
|
221 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: WHO · Not often or never
|
179 Participants
|
214 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: COVID-19 Hotlines · Often
|
130 Participants
|
164 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: COVID-19 Hotlines · Not often or never
|
209 Participants
|
271 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: National COVID-19 information website · Often
|
143 Participants
|
181 Participants
|
|
Use of Sources of Information
Follow-up: National COVID-19 information website · Not often or never
|
196 Participants
|
254 Participants
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: Baseline and follow-up (4-weeks)Trust in information sources including television, newspaper, health workers, social media, radio, health department, CDC, hotlines, official websites, and celebrities. (Adapted from the WHO COVID-19 Survey Tool and Guidance). "How much do you trust information about COVID-19 from the following sources?"
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=339 Participants
We conducted a 2-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 1,051 Latino and African American adults (≥18 years) from six communities and affiliated community health centers (CHCs). Participants were randomized to either the 2VIDA! intervention group (n=517; 3 CHCs) or control (standard of care; n=534; 3 CHCs).
The 2VIDA! intervention included four components: (1) COVID-19 Individual Awareness and Education, (2) COVID-19 Community Outreach and Health Promotion, (3) Individual Health Education and Linkages to Services, and (4) Pop-up Vaccination Stations.
COVID-19 Individual Awareness \& Education: Peer-health educators distributed culturally competent, bilingual (English/Spanish) COVID-19 materials at community centers, door-to-door, local markets, and CBOs. Materials covered prevention, symptoms, testing, vaccines, and debunking myths, and were updated monthly.
Community Outreach \& Health Promotion: Educators partnered with CBOs to deliver live sessions, webinars, and social media outreach on COVID-19 topics, aiming to reach 10,000 viewers per session in each intervention community.
Individual Health Education \& Linkages: COVID-19 Resource Centers were set up at intervention CHCs to offer personalized education and referrals to medical/support services.
Pop-up Vaccination Sites: COVID-19 vaccines were offered at CHCs and temporary community sites in intervention areas to improve access and uptake.
|
Standard of Care
n=435 Participants
The standard of care for vaccine delivery at the control sites. This includes individuals who make an appointment on their own or receive the vaccine at a health center and may receive information about the vaccine from their primary healthcare provider.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: WHO · Trust
|
266 Participants
|
347 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: Health workers · Little trust or neutral
|
38 Participants
|
64 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: COVID-19 Hotlines · Little trust or neutral
|
72 Participants
|
133 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: Television · Trust
|
186 Participants
|
269 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: Television · Little trust or neutral
|
153 Participants
|
166 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: Newspapers · Trust
|
158 Participants
|
160 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: Newspapers · Little trust or neutral
|
181 Participants
|
275 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: Health Workers · Trust
|
289 Participants
|
388 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: Health Workers · Little trust or neutral
|
50 Participants
|
47 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: Social media · Trust
|
104 Participants
|
126 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: Social media · Little trust or neutral
|
235 Participants
|
309 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: Radio · Trust
|
133 Participants
|
164 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: Radio · Little trust or neutral
|
206 Participants
|
271 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: Health Department · Trust
|
294 Participants
|
386 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: Health Department · Little trust or neutral
|
45 Participants
|
49 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: CDC · Trust
|
280 Participants
|
375 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: CDC · Little trust or neutral
|
59 Participants
|
60 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: Celebrities and social media influencers · Trust
|
57 Participants
|
97 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: Celebrities and social media influencers · Little trust or neutral
|
282 Participants
|
338 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: WHO · Little trust or neutral
|
73 Participants
|
88 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: COVID-19 Hotlines · Trust
|
239 Participants
|
314 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: COVID-19 Hotlines · Little trust or neutral
|
100 Participants
|
121 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: National COVID-19 information website · Trust
|
243 Participants
|
309 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Baseline: National COVID-19 information website · Little trust or neutral
|
96 Participants
|
126 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: Television · Trust
|
211 Participants
|
272 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: Television · Little trust or neutral
|
128 Participants
|
163 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: Newspapers · Trust
|
171 Participants
|
191 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: Newspapers · Little trust or neutral
|
168 Participants
|
244 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: Health workers · Trust
|
301 Participants
|
371 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: Social media · Trust
|
106 Participants
|
143 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: Social media · Little trust or neutral
|
233 Participants
|
292 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: Radio · Trust
|
170 Participants
|
179 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: Radio · Little trust or neutral
|
169 Participants
|
256 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: Health department · Trust
|
290 Participants
|
378 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: Health department · Little trust or neutral
|
49 Participants
|
57 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: CDC · Trust
|
290 Participants
|
367 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: CDC · Little trust or neutral
|
49 Participants
|
68 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: Celebrities and social media influencers · Trust
|
66 Participants
|
98 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: Celebrities and social media influencers · Little trust or neutral
|
273 Participants
|
337 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: WHO · Trust
|
288 Participants
|
337 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: WHO · Little trust or neutral
|
51 Participants
|
98 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: COVID-19 Hotlines · Trust
|
267 Participants
|
302 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: National COVID-19 information website · Trust
|
275 Participants
|
303 Participants
|
|
Trust in Sources of Information
Follow-up: National COVID-19 information website · Little trust or neutral
|
64 Participants
|
132 Participants
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: Baseline and follow-up (4-weeks)Frequency in information. (Adapted from the WHO COVID-19 Survey Tool and Guidance).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=339 Participants
We conducted a 2-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 1,051 Latino and African American adults (≥18 years) from six communities and affiliated community health centers (CHCs). Participants were randomized to either the 2VIDA! intervention group (n=517; 3 CHCs) or control (standard of care; n=534; 3 CHCs).
The 2VIDA! intervention included four components: (1) COVID-19 Individual Awareness and Education, (2) COVID-19 Community Outreach and Health Promotion, (3) Individual Health Education and Linkages to Services, and (4) Pop-up Vaccination Stations.
COVID-19 Individual Awareness \& Education: Peer-health educators distributed culturally competent, bilingual (English/Spanish) COVID-19 materials at community centers, door-to-door, local markets, and CBOs. Materials covered prevention, symptoms, testing, vaccines, and debunking myths, and were updated monthly.
Community Outreach \& Health Promotion: Educators partnered with CBOs to deliver live sessions, webinars, and social media outreach on COVID-19 topics, aiming to reach 10,000 viewers per session in each intervention community.
Individual Health Education \& Linkages: COVID-19 Resource Centers were set up at intervention CHCs to offer personalized education and referrals to medical/support services.
Pop-up Vaccination Sites: COVID-19 vaccines were offered at CHCs and temporary community sites in intervention areas to improve access and uptake.
|
Standard of Care
n=435 Participants
The standard of care for vaccine delivery at the control sites. This includes individuals who make an appointment on their own or receive the vaccine at a health center and may receive information about the vaccine from their primary healthcare provider.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Frequency of Information
(Baseline) How often do you seek information about COVID-19? · Often
|
88 Participants
|
101 Participants
|
|
Frequency of Information
(Baseline) How often do you seek information about COVID-19? · Not often or never
|
251 Participants
|
334 Participants
|
|
Frequency of Information
(Follow-up) How often do you seek information about COVID-19? · Often
|
72 Participants
|
102 Participants
|
|
Frequency of Information
(Follow-up) How often do you seek information about COVID-19? · Not often or never
|
267 Participants
|
333 Participants
|
Adverse Events
Intervention
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Standard of Care
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place