Trial Outcomes & Findings for Optimizing an mHealth Intervention to Change Food Purchasing Behaviors for Cancer Prevention (NCT NCT04947150)

NCT ID: NCT04947150

Last Updated: 2023-10-10

Results Overview

In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in grams of fiber per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

• Recruitment status: COMPLETED
• Study phase: NA
• Target enrollment: 62 participants
• Primary outcome timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)
• Results posted on: 2023-10-10

Participant Flow

The four experimental intervention components are each provided to 50% of participants.

Participant milestones

Measure	Condition 1 Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF.	Condition 2 Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF.	Condition 3 Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF.	Condition 4 Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF.	Condition 5 Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON.	Condition 6 Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON.	Condition 7 Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON.	Condition 8 Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON.	Condition 9 Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF.	Condition 10 Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF.	Condition 11 Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF.	Condition 12 Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON.	Condition 13 Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON.	Condition 14 Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON Household support - OFF.	Condition 15 Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON.	Condition 16 Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON.
Overall Study STARTED	4	7	2	2	7	2	5	2	3	5	6	2	5	2	4	4
Overall Study Wave 1	2	2	1	2	2	2	2	1	2	2	2	1	2	1	2	2
Overall Study Wave 2	2	5	1	0	5	0	3	1	1	3	4	1	3	1	2	2
Overall Study COMPLETED	4	7	1	2	7	0	4	2	3	5	5	1	5	1	4	4
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	0	0	1	0	0	2	1	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Optimizing an mHealth Intervention to Change Food Purchasing Behaviors for Cancer Prevention

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Measure	Condition 1 n=4 Participants Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF.	Condition 2 n=7 Participants Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF.	Condition 3 n=2 Participants Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF.	Condition 4 n=2 Participants Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF.	Condition 5 n=7 Participants Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON.	Condition 6 n=2 Participants Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON.	Condition 7 n=5 Participants Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON.	Condition 8 n=2 Participants Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON.	Condition 9 n=3 Participants Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF.	Condition 10 n=5 Participants Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF.	Condition 11 n=6 Participants Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF.	Condition 12 n=2 Participants Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON.	Condition 13 n=5 Participants Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON.	Condition 14 n=2 Participants Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON Household support - OFF.	Condition 15 n=4 Participants Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON.	Condition 16 n=4 Participants Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON.	Total n=62 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous	49.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 19.5 • n=5 Participants	53.6 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.0 • n=7 Participants	47.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 27.6 • n=5 Participants	53.0 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.3 • n=4 Participants	46.7 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.9 • n=21 Participants	36.0 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.6 • n=10 Participants	52.4 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.3 • n=115 Participants	45.0 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.9 • n=6 Participants	35.0 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.0 • n=6 Participants	44.8 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.9 • n=64 Participants	48.3 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.4 • n=17 Participants	39.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 17.7 • n=21 Participants	56.0 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.4 • n=22 Participants	40.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 17.7 • n=8 Participants	43.3 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 20.0 • n=16 Participants	42.3 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.1 • n=135 Participants	47.2 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.5 • n=136 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	3 Participants n=5 Participants	6 Participants n=7 Participants	2 Participants n=5 Participants	2 Participants n=4 Participants	7 Participants n=21 Participants	1 Participants n=10 Participants	4 Participants n=115 Participants	2 Participants n=6 Participants	3 Participants n=6 Participants	5 Participants n=64 Participants	6 Participants n=17 Participants	1 Participants n=21 Participants	5 Participants n=22 Participants	2 Participants n=8 Participants	4 Participants n=16 Participants	4 Participants n=135 Participants	57 Participants n=136 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	1 Participants n=5 Participants	1 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	1 Participants n=10 Participants	1 Participants n=115 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=64 Participants	0 Participants n=17 Participants	1 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=22 Participants	0 Participants n=8 Participants	0 Participants n=16 Participants	0 Participants n=135 Participants	5 Participants n=136 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	1 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=10 Participants	0 Participants n=115 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	1 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=64 Participants	1 Participants n=17 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=22 Participants	1 Participants n=8 Participants	1 Participants n=16 Participants	1 Participants n=135 Participants	6 Participants n=136 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino	4 Participants n=5 Participants	7 Participants n=7 Participants	1 Participants n=5 Participants	2 Participants n=4 Participants	7 Participants n=21 Participants	2 Participants n=10 Participants	5 Participants n=115 Participants	2 Participants n=6 Participants	2 Participants n=6 Participants	5 Participants n=64 Participants	5 Participants n=17 Participants	2 Participants n=21 Participants	5 Participants n=22 Participants	1 Participants n=8 Participants	3 Participants n=16 Participants	3 Participants n=135 Participants	56 Participants n=136 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=10 Participants	0 Participants n=115 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=64 Participants	0 Participants n=17 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=22 Participants	0 Participants n=8 Participants	0 Participants n=16 Participants	0 Participants n=135 Participants	0 Participants n=136 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native	0 Participants n=5 Participants	1 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=10 Participants	0 Participants n=115 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=64 Participants	0 Participants n=17 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=22 Participants	0 Participants n=8 Participants	0 Participants n=16 Participants	0 Participants n=135 Participants	1 Participants n=136 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Asian	0 Participants n=5 Participants	1 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=10 Participants	1 Participants n=115 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=64 Participants	1 Participants n=17 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=22 Participants	0 Participants n=8 Participants	0 Participants n=16 Participants	1 Participants n=135 Participants	4 Participants n=136 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=10 Participants	0 Participants n=115 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=64 Participants	0 Participants n=17 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=22 Participants	0 Participants n=8 Participants	0 Participants n=16 Participants	0 Participants n=135 Participants	0 Participants n=136 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American	2 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	1 Participants n=4 Participants	3 Participants n=21 Participants	1 Participants n=10 Participants	0 Participants n=115 Participants	2 Participants n=6 Participants	1 Participants n=6 Participants	3 Participants n=64 Participants	4 Participants n=17 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	2 Participants n=22 Participants	0 Participants n=8 Participants	2 Participants n=16 Participants	0 Participants n=135 Participants	21 Participants n=136 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) White	2 Participants n=5 Participants	5 Participants n=7 Participants	1 Participants n=5 Participants	1 Participants n=4 Participants	3 Participants n=21 Participants	1 Participants n=10 Participants	4 Participants n=115 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	2 Participants n=6 Participants	2 Participants n=64 Participants	1 Participants n=17 Participants	2 Participants n=21 Participants	3 Participants n=22 Participants	2 Participants n=8 Participants	2 Participants n=16 Participants	2 Participants n=135 Participants	33 Participants n=136 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	1 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	1 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=10 Participants	0 Participants n=115 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=64 Participants	0 Participants n=17 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=22 Participants	0 Participants n=8 Participants	0 Participants n=16 Participants	1 Participants n=135 Participants	3 Participants n=136 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=10 Participants	0 Participants n=115 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=64 Participants	0 Participants n=17 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=22 Participants	0 Participants n=8 Participants	0 Participants n=16 Participants	0 Participants n=135 Participants	0 Participants n=136 Participants
Education level Completed postgraduate or professional degree	1 Participants n=5 Participants	2 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	1 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=10 Participants	2 Participants n=115 Participants	1 Participants n=6 Participants	2 Participants n=6 Participants	2 Participants n=64 Participants	1 Participants n=17 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	2 Participants n=22 Participants	0 Participants n=8 Participants	3 Participants n=16 Participants	1 Participants n=135 Participants	18 Participants n=136 Participants
Education level Graduated from college	2 Participants n=5 Participants	2 Participants n=7 Participants	1 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	4 Participants n=21 Participants	2 Participants n=10 Participants	2 Participants n=115 Participants	1 Participants n=6 Participants	1 Participants n=6 Participants	2 Participants n=64 Participants	3 Participants n=17 Participants	1 Participants n=21 Participants	2 Participants n=22 Participants	2 Participants n=8 Participants	1 Participants n=16 Participants	3 Participants n=135 Participants	29 Participants n=136 Participants
Education level Completed some college	1 Participants n=5 Participants	1 Participants n=7 Participants	1 Participants n=5 Participants	2 Participants n=4 Participants	2 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=10 Participants	1 Participants n=115 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	1 Participants n=64 Participants	1 Participants n=17 Participants	1 Participants n=21 Participants	1 Participants n=22 Participants	0 Participants n=8 Participants	0 Participants n=16 Participants	0 Participants n=135 Participants	12 Participants n=136 Participants
Education level Completed senior high	0 Participants n=5 Participants	2 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=10 Participants	0 Participants n=115 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=64 Participants	1 Participants n=17 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=22 Participants	0 Participants n=8 Participants	0 Participants n=16 Participants	0 Participants n=135 Participants	3 Participants n=136 Participants
Household size Two	1 Participants n=5 Participants	3 Participants n=7 Participants	1 Participants n=5 Participants	1 Participants n=4 Participants	1 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=10 Participants	3 Participants n=115 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	2 Participants n=64 Participants	3 Participants n=17 Participants	1 Participants n=21 Participants	3 Participants n=22 Participants	1 Participants n=8 Participants	3 Participants n=16 Participants	1 Participants n=135 Participants	24 Participants n=136 Participants
Household size Three	0 Participants n=5 Participants	3 Participants n=7 Participants	1 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	3 Participants n=21 Participants	1 Participants n=10 Participants	1 Participants n=115 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	1 Participants n=6 Participants	2 Participants n=64 Participants	1 Participants n=17 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=22 Participants	1 Participants n=8 Participants	0 Participants n=16 Participants	1 Participants n=135 Participants	15 Participants n=136 Participants
Household size Four	1 Participants n=5 Participants	1 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	1 Participants n=4 Participants	2 Participants n=21 Participants	1 Participants n=10 Participants	1 Participants n=115 Participants	1 Participants n=6 Participants	1 Participants n=6 Participants	1 Participants n=64 Participants	1 Participants n=17 Participants	1 Participants n=21 Participants	1 Participants n=22 Participants	0 Participants n=8 Participants	1 Participants n=16 Participants	2 Participants n=135 Participants	16 Participants n=136 Participants
Household size Five or more	2 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	1 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=10 Participants	0 Participants n=115 Participants	1 Participants n=6 Participants	1 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=64 Participants	1 Participants n=17 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	1 Participants n=22 Participants	0 Participants n=8 Participants	0 Participants n=16 Participants	0 Participants n=135 Participants	7 Participants n=136 Participants
Grocery shopping frequency Less than once per week	1 Participants n=5 Participants	1 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=10 Participants	1 Participants n=115 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=64 Participants	0 Participants n=17 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	1 Participants n=22 Participants	1 Participants n=8 Participants	1 Participants n=16 Participants	0 Participants n=135 Participants	6 Participants n=136 Participants
Grocery shopping frequency Once per week	3 Participants n=5 Participants	2 Participants n=7 Participants	2 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	4 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=10 Participants	4 Participants n=115 Participants	1 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	4 Participants n=64 Participants	2 Participants n=17 Participants	1 Participants n=21 Participants	3 Participants n=22 Participants	1 Participants n=8 Participants	1 Participants n=16 Participants	1 Participants n=135 Participants	29 Participants n=136 Participants
Grocery shopping frequency Twice per week	0 Participants n=5 Participants	3 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	1 Participants n=4 Participants	2 Participants n=21 Participants	1 Participants n=10 Participants	0 Participants n=115 Participants	0 Participants n=6 Participants	2 Participants n=6 Participants	1 Participants n=64 Participants	4 Participants n=17 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	1 Participants n=22 Participants	0 Participants n=8 Participants	2 Participants n=16 Participants	1 Participants n=135 Participants	18 Participants n=136 Participants
Grocery shopping frequency More than twice per week	0 Participants n=5 Participants	1 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	1 Participants n=4 Participants	1 Participants n=21 Participants	1 Participants n=10 Participants	0 Participants n=115 Participants	1 Participants n=6 Participants	1 Participants n=6 Participants	0 Participants n=64 Participants	0 Participants n=17 Participants	1 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=22 Participants	0 Participants n=8 Participants	0 Participants n=16 Participants	2 Participants n=135 Participants	9 Participants n=136 Participants
Weight	242.8 pounds STANDARD_DEVIATION 31.2 • n=5 Participants	199.3 pounds STANDARD_DEVIATION 32.8 • n=7 Participants	145.0 pounds STANDARD_DEVIATION 35.4 • n=5 Participants	168.5 pounds STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.4 • n=4 Participants	205.7 pounds STANDARD_DEVIATION 50.7 • n=21 Participants	190.0 pounds STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.3 • n=10 Participants	173.4 pounds STANDARD_DEVIATION 44.7 • n=115 Participants	208.5 pounds STANDARD_DEVIATION 128.0 • n=6 Participants	177.3 pounds STANDARD_DEVIATION 35.0 • n=6 Participants	180.8 pounds STANDARD_DEVIATION 43.7 • n=64 Participants	211.3 pounds STANDARD_DEVIATION 53.9 • n=17 Participants	216.0 pounds STANDARD_DEVIATION 76.4 • n=21 Participants	168.4 pounds STANDARD_DEVIATION 36.8 • n=22 Participants	152.0 pounds STANDARD_DEVIATION 53.7 • n=8 Participants	166.0 pounds STANDARD_DEVIATION 58.2 • n=16 Participants	164.3 pounds STANDARD_DEVIATION 37.0 • n=135 Participants	188.7 pounds STANDARD_DEVIATION 47.8 • n=136 Participants
Body Mass Index	40.0 kg^m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.1 • n=5 Participants	33.9 kg^m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.4 • n=7 Participants	24.3 kg^m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.3 • n=5 Participants	31.3 kg^m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.9 • n=4 Participants	36.2 kg^m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.5 • n=21 Participants	29.8 kg^m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.8 • n=10 Participants	28.1 kg^m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.8 • n=115 Participants	38.0 kg^m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 18.9 • n=6 Participants	30.7 kg^m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.6 • n=6 Participants	31.2 kg^m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.0 • n=64 Participants	36.1 kg^m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.1 • n=17 Participants	34.8 kg^m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.3 • n=21 Participants	28.0 kg^m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.2 • n=22 Participants	24.7 kg^m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.2 • n=8 Participants	28.0 kg^m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.6 • n=16 Participants	29.5 kg^m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.7 • n=135 Participants	32.1 kg^m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.0 • n=136 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 1 participants completed the ASA-24. Results here only include Wave 1 participants.

In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in grams of fiber per day.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=14 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=14 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=14 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=14 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=28 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
1a. Dietary Intake: ASA24 (Fiber) 0 weeks (baseline)	18.45 grams/day Standard Error 2.12	18.17 grams/day Standard Error 2.39	15.89 grams/day Standard Error 2.31	20.73 grams/day Standard Error 2.10	16.30 grams/day Standard Error 2.45	20.32 grams/day Standard Error 2.05	18.90 grams/day Standard Error 2.25	17.72 grams/day Standard Error 2.08	18.31 grams/day Standard Error 1.53
1a. Dietary Intake: ASA24 (Fiber) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	18.51 grams/day Standard Error 2.91	14.19 grams/day Standard Error 3.28	16.98 grams/day Standard Error 3.2	15.72 grams/day Standard Error 2.89	14.50 grams/day Standard Error 3.37	18.20 grams/day Standard Error 2.82	18.40 grams/day Standard Error 3.09	14.30 grams/day Standard Error 2.86	16.35 grams/day Standard Error 2.11

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 1 participants completed the ASA-24. Results here only include Wave 1 participants.

In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in number of cups of fruits and vegetables per day.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=14 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=14 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=14 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=14 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=28 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
1b. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Fruit/Veg) 0 weeks (baseline)	1.86 Cups/day Standard Error .40	2.63 Cups/day Standard Error .44	2.40 Cups/day Standard Error .43	2.09 Cups/day Standard Error .39	2.33 Cups/day Standard Error .46	2.16 Cups/day Standard Error .38	2.41 Cups/day Standard Error .42	2.08 Cups/day Standard Error .39	2.25 Cups/day Standard Error .29
1b. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Fruit/Veg) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	2.70 Cups/day Standard Error .58	2.15 Cups/day Standard Error .65	2.67 Cups/day Standard Error .63	2.18 Cups/day Standard Error .57	2.10 Cups/day Standard Error .66	2.75 Cups/day Standard Error .56	2.69 Cups/day Standard Error .61	2.16 Cups/day Standard Error .56	2.42 Cups/day Standard Error .42

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 1 participants completed the ASA-24. Results here only include Wave 1 participants.

In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in ounces of red meat consumed per week.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=14 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=14 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=14 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=14 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=28 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
1c. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Red Meat) 0 weeks (baseline)	10.10 oz/week Standard Error 4.40	8.98 oz/week Standard Error 4.95	4.10 oz/week Standard Error 4.79	14.98 oz/week Standard Error 4.35	4.35 oz/week Standard Error 5.08	14.72 oz/week Standard Error 4.25	13.13 oz/week Standard Error 4.66	5.95 oz/week Standard Error 4.31	9.54 oz/week Standard Error 3.18
1c. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Red Meat) 10 weeks (post-treatment)	3.71 oz/week Standard Error 2.06	8.39 oz/week Standard Error 2.32	8.23 oz/week Standard Error 2.24	3.87 oz/week Standard Error 2.04	4.36 oz/week Standard Error 2.38	7.74 oz/week Standard Error 1.99	3.91 oz/week Standard Error 2.18	8.19 oz/week Standard Error 2.02	6.05 oz/week Standard Error 1.49

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 1 participants completed the ASA-24. Results here only include Wave 1 participants.

In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in ounces of processed meat consumed per week.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=14 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=14 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=14 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=14 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=28 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
1d. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Processed Meat) 0 weeks (baseline)	325.95 oz/week Standard Error 109.76	216.18 oz/week Standard Error 123.43	282.69 oz/week Standard Error 119.44	259.44 oz/week Standard Error 108.47	278.05 oz/week Standard Error 126.79	264.09 oz/week Standard Error 106.06	371.70 oz/week Standard Error 116.32	170.44 oz/week Standard Error 107.53	271.07 oz/week Standard Error 79.20
1d. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Processed Meat) 10 weeks (post-treatment)	97.34 oz/week Standard Error 31.24	49.79 oz/week Standard Error 35.13	74.12 oz/week Standard Error 33.99	73.01 oz/week Standard Error 30.87	87.96 oz/week Standard Error 37.08	59.17 oz/week Standard Error 30.18	72.10 oz/week Standard Error 33.10	75.03 oz/week Standard Error 30.60	73.56 oz/week Standard Error 22.54

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 1 participants completed the ASA-24. Results here only include Wave 1 participants.

In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in grams of added sugars consumed per day.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=14 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=14 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=14 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=14 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=28 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
1e. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Added Sugars) 0 weeks (baseline)	41.82 grams/day Standard Error 8.72	31.16 grams/day Standard Error 9.81	28.30 grams/day Standard Error 9.49	44.67 grams/day Standard Error 8.62	34.25 grams/day Standard Error 10.08	38.72 grams/day Standard Error 8.43	40.93 grams/day Standard Error 9.24	32.04 grams/day Standard Error 8.55	36.49 grams/day Standard Error 6.30
1e. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Added Sugars) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	25.63 grams/day Standard Error 7.20	17.11 grams/day Standard Error 8.10	11.84 grams/day Standard Error 7.84	30.91 grams/day Standard Error 7.12	21.93 grams/day Standard Error 8.32	20.81 grams/day Standard Error 6.96	21.94 grams/day Standard Error 7.63	20.81 grams/day Standard Error 7.05	21.37 grams/day Standard Error 5.20

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 1 participants completed the ASA-24. Results here only include Wave 1 participants.

In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in mg of sodium consumed per day.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=14 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=14 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=14 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=14 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=28 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
1f. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Sodium) 0 weeks (baseline)	730.13 mg/day Standard Error 86.00	571.33 mg/day Standard Error 81.16	647.89 mg/day Standard Error 83.99	653.57 mg/day Standard Error 79.51	663.92 mg/day Standard Error 82.30	637.53 mg/day Standard Error 82.16	676.85 mg/day Standard Error 81.75	624.61 mg/day Standard Error 83.57	650.73 mg/day Standard Error 59.94
1f. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Sodium) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	440.77 mg/day Standard Error 99.20	323.50 mg/day Standard Error 93.62	323.24 mg/day Standard Error 96.88	441.03 mg/day Standard Error 91.71	343.04 mg/day Standard Error 94.94	421.24 mg/day Standard Error 94.77	353.12 mg/day Standard Error 94.30	411.15 mg/day Standard Error 96.40	382.14 mg/day Standard Error 65.68

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 1 participants completed the ASA-24. Results here only include Wave 1 participants.

In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in grams of saturated fat consumed per day.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=14 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=14 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=14 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=14 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=28 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
1g. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Fat) 0 weeks (baseline)	9.27 grams/day Standard Error 1.15	7.91 grams/day Standard Error 1.08	9.05 grams/day Standard Error 1.12	8.13 grams/day Standard Error 1.06	9.86 grams/day Standard Error 1.10	7.32 grams/day Standard Error 1.10	9.47 grams/day Standard Error 1.09	7.71 grams/day Standard Error 1.12	8.59 grams/day Standard Error .76
1g. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Fat) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	4.92 grams/day Standard Error 1.06	3.59 grams/day Standard Error 1.00	3.76 grams/day Standard Error 1.04	4.74 grams/day Standard Error .98	4.17 grams/day Standard Error 1.02	4.34 grams/day Standard Error 1.02	3.67 grams/day Standard Error 1.01	4.84 grams/day Standard Error 1.03	4.25 grams/day Standard Error .70

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 1 participants completed the ASA-24. Results here only include Wave 1 participants.

In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in oz of sugar sweetened beverages consumed per day.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=14 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=14 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=14 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=14 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=14 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=28 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
1h. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Sugar-Sweetened Beverages) 0 weeks (baseline)	17.29 oz/day Standard Error 6.85	17.39 oz/day Standard Error 6.46	21.44 oz/day Standard Error 6.69	13.24 oz/day Standard Error 6.33	24.64 oz/day Standard Error 6.55	10.04 oz/day Standard Error 6.54	19.79 oz/day Standard Error 6.51	14.90 oz/day Standard Error 6.66	17.34 oz/day Standard Error 4.53
1h. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Sugar-Sweetened Beverages) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	18.72 oz/day Standard Error 5.09	6.84 oz/day Standard Error 4.81	14.38 oz/day Standard Error 4.97	11.18 oz/day Standard Error 4.71	7.71 oz/day Standard Error 4.87	17.85 oz/day Standard Error 4.86	10.55 oz/day Standard Error 4.84	15.01 oz/day Standard Error 4.95	12.78 oz/day Standard Error 3.37

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 2 participants completed the DHQ-III. Results here only include Wave 2 participants.

In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in grams of fiber per day.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=17 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=17 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=16 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=18 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=17 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=34 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
2a: Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Fiber) 0 weeks (baseline)	16.94 grams/day Standard Error 2.41	16.83 grams/day Standard Error 2.28	18.38 grams/day Standard Error 2.36	15.38 grams/day Standard Error 2.23	18.98 grams/day Standard Error 2.31	14.78 grams/day Standard Error 2.31	15.56 grams/day Standard Error 2.29	18.21 grams/day Standard Error 2.34	16.88 grams/day Standard Error 1.60
2a: Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Fiber) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	20.18 grams/day Standard Error 3.90	18.24 grams/day Standard Error 3.68	20.65 grams/day Standard Error 3.81	17.78 grams/day Standard Error 3.60	21.37 grams/day Standard Error 3.73	17.05 grams/day Standard Error 3.73	18.79 grams/day Standard Error 3.71	19.63 grams/day Standard Error 3.79	19.21 grams/day Standard Error 2.58

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 2 participants completed the DHQ-III. Results here only include Wave 2 participants.

In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in cups of fruits and vegetables per day.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=17 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=17 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=16 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=18 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=17 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=34 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
2b. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Fruits/Veg) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	3.09 cups/day Standard Error .69	3.35 cups/day Standard Error .66	3.47 cups/day Standard Error .68	2.97 cups/day Standard Error .64	3.84 cups/day Standard Error .66	2.60 cups/day Standard Error .66	3.26 cups/day Standard Error .66	3.18 cups/day Standard Error .67	3.22 cups/day Standard Error .46
2b. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Fruits/Veg) 0 weeks (baseline)	2.56 cups/day Standard Error .42	2.93 cups/day Standard Error .39	3.06 cups/day Standard Error .41	4.23 cups/day Standard Error .39	3.31 cups/day Standard Error .40	2.17 cups/day Standard Error .40	2.61 cups/day Standard Error .40	2.88 cups/day Standard Error .41	2.74 cups/day Standard Error .28

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 2 participants completed the DHQ-III. Results here only include Wave 2 participants.

In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in oz of red meat consumed per week.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=17 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=17 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=16 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=18 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=17 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=34 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
2c. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Red Meat) 0 weeks (baseline)	4.43 oz/week Standard Error .82	3.49 oz/week Standard Error .77	3.01 oz/week Standard Error .80	4.90 oz/week Standard Error .76	3.88 oz/week Standard Error .78	4.04 oz/week Standard Error .78	3.13 oz/week Standard Error .78	4.79 oz/week Standard Error .80	3.96 oz/week Standard Error .54
2c. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Red Meat) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	2.66 oz/week Standard Error .70	3.03 oz/week Standard Error .66	2.48 oz/week Standard Error .69	3.21 oz/week Standard Error .65	2.77 oz/week Standard Error .67	2.92 oz/week Standard Error .67	2.46 oz/week Standard Error .67	3.23 oz/week Standard Error .68	2.84 oz/week Standard Error .47

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 2 participants completed the DHQ-III. Results here only include Wave 2 participants.

In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in oz of processed meat consumed per week.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=17 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=17 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=16 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=18 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=17 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=34 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
2d. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Processed Meat) 0 weeks (baseline)	165.20 oz/week Standard Error 57.26	133.88 oz/week Standard Error 54.04	103.41 oz/week Standard Error 55.92	195.66 oz/week Standard Error 52.94	59.94 oz/week Standard Error 54.80	239.14 oz/week Standard Error 54.70	133.67 oz/week Standard Error 54.43	165.40 oz/week Standard Error 55.64	149.54 oz/week Standard Error 37.91
2d. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Processed Meat) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	40.72 oz/week Standard Error 12.12	48.04 oz/week Standard Error 11.43	35.75 oz/week Standard Error 11.83	53.01 oz/week Standard Error 11.20	31.86 oz/week Standard Error 11.60	56.89 oz/week Standard Error 11.58	25.92 oz/week Standard Error 11.52	62.84 oz/week Standard Error 11.77	44.38 oz/week Standard Error 8.02

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 2 participants completed the DHQ-III. Results here only include Wave 2 participants.

In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in grams of added sugars consumed per day.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=17 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=17 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=16 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=18 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=17 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=34 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
2e. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Added Sugars) 0 weeks (baseline)	28.37 grams/day Standard Error 5.01	24.53 grams/day Standard Error 4.73	28.35 grams/day Standard Error 4.89	24.55 grams/day Standard Error 4.63	30.27 grams/day Standard Error 4.79	22.62 grams/day Standard Error 4.78	26.53 grams/day Standard Error 4.76	23.37 grams/day Standard Error 4.87	26.45 grams/day Standard Error 3.32
2e. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Added Sugars) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	16.98 grams/day Standard Error 4.84	14.06 grams/day Standard Error 4.57	16.69 grams/day Standard Error 4.73	14.35 grams/day Standard Error 4.48	15.01 grams/day Standard Error 4.64	16.04 grams/day Standard Error 4.63	13.38 grams/day Standard Error 4.60	17.67 grams/day Standard Error 4.71	15.52 grams/day Standard Error 3.21

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 2 participants completed the DHQ-III. Results here only include Wave 2 participants.

In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in mg of sodium consumed per day.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=17 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=17 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=16 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=18 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=17 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=34 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
2f. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Sodium) 0 weeks (baseline)	730.13 mg/day Standard Error 86.00	571.33 mg/day Standard Error 81.16	647.89 mg/day Standard Error 83.99	653.57 mg/day Standard Error 79.51	663.92 mg/day Standard Error 82.30	637.53 mg/day Standard Error 82.16	676.85 mg/day Standard Error 81.75	624.61 mg/day Standard Error 83.57	650.73 mg/day Standard Error 59.94
2f. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Sodium) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	440.77 mg/day Standard Error 99.20	323.50 mg/day Standard Error 93.62	323.24 mg/day Standard Error 96.88	441.03 mg/day Standard Error 91.71	343.04 mg/day Standard Error 94.94	421.24 mg/day Standard Error 94.77	353.12 mg/day Standard Error 94.30	411.15 mg/day Standard Error 96.40	382.14 mg/day Standard Error 65.68

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 2 participants completed the DHQ-III. Results here only include Wave 2 participants.

In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in grams of saturated fat per day.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=17 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=17 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=16 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=18 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=17 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=34 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
2g. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Fat) 0 weeks (baseline)	9.27 grams/day Standard Error 1.15	7.91 grams/day Standard Error 1.08	9.05 grams/day Standard Error 1.12	8.13 grams/day Standard Error 1.06	9.86 grams/day Standard Error 1.10	7.32 grams/day Standard Error 1.10	9.47 grams/day Standard Error 1.09	7.71 grams/day Standard Error 1.12	8.59 grams/day Standard Error .76
2g. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Fat) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	4.92 grams/day Standard Error 1.06	3.59 grams/day Standard Error 1.00	3.76 grams/day Standard Error 1.04	4.74 grams/day Standard Error .98	4.17 grams/day Standard Error 1.02	4.34 grams/day Standard Error 1.02	3.67 grams/day Standard Error 1.01	4.84 grams/day Standard Error 1.03	4.25 grams/day Standard Error .70

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 2 participants completed the DHQ-III. Results here only include Wave 2 participants.

In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in ounces of sugar-sweetened beverages per day.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=17 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=17 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=16 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=18 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=17 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=17 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=34 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
2h. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Sugar-Sweetened Beverages) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	18.72 grams/day Standard Error 5.09	6.84 grams/day Standard Error 4.81	14.38 grams/day Standard Error 4.97	11.18 grams/day Standard Error 4.71	7.71 grams/day Standard Error 4.87	17.85 grams/day Standard Error 4.86	10.55 grams/day Standard Error 4.84	15.01 grams/day Standard Error 4.95	12.78 grams/day Standard Error 3.37
2h. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Sugar-Sweetened Beverages) 0 weeks (baseline)	17.29 grams/day Standard Error 6.85	17.39 grams/day Standard Error 6.46	21.44 grams/day Standard Error 6.69	13.24 grams/day Standard Error 6.33	24.64 grams/day Standard Error 6.55	10.04 grams/day Standard Error 6.54	19.79 grams/day Standard Error 6.51	14.90 grams/day Standard Error 6.66	17.34 grams/day Standard Error 4.53

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample.

Goal salience while grocery shopping was measured using an investigator-developed self-report questionnaire. Participants rated 3 questions pertaining to salience of health goals during grocery shopping on a sliding scale from 0 (not at all) to 100 (very much): Scores on these three items were averaged to compute a global Goal Salience total score (range = 0-100), with higher scores indicating higher goal salience.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Goal Salience 0 weeks (baseline)	56.62 score on a scale Standard Error 4.62	53.35 score on a scale Standard Error 4.32	57.97 score on a scale Standard Error 4.46	53.99 score on a scale Standard Error 4.16	53.80 score on a scale Standard Error 4.42	58.16 score on a scale Standard Error 4.31	59.02 score on a scale Standard Error 4.21	53.94 score on a scale Standard Error 4.47	55.98 score on a scale Standard Error 3.02
Goal Salience 10 weeks (mid-treatment)	71.96 score on a scale Standard Error 4.22	72.04 score on a scale Standard Error 3.94	74.40 score on a scale Standard Error 4.06	69.60 score on a scale Standard Error 3.79	74.52 score on a scale Standard Error 4.03	69.48 score on a scale Standard Error 3.93	71.93 score on a scale Standard Error 3.84	72.07 score on a scale Standard Error 4.07	72.00 score on a scale Standard Error 2.75
Goal Salience 20 weeks (post-treatment)	66.58 score on a scale Standard Error 3.96	69.23 score on a scale Standard Error 3.70	70.67 score on a scale Standard Error 3.82	65.14 score on a scale Standard Error 3.56	70.88 score on a scale Standard Error 3.79	64.93 score on a scale Standard Error 3.70	69.61 score on a scale Standard Error 3.61	66.20 score on a scale Standard Error 3.83	67.90 score on a scale Standard Error 2.58

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample.

Supportive accountability was measured using 5 items adapted from the Perceptions of Accountability Scale (Chhabria et al., 2020). Participants rated 5 items (e.g., "I feel accountable to others for meeting my dietary goals") on a sliding scale from 0 (not at all) to 100 (very much). Scores on the 5 items were averaged to produce a global Supportive Accountability total score (range 0-100), with higher scores indicating higher perceived supportive accountability to others for dietary/healthy eating goals.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Supportive Accountability 0 weeks (baseline)	54.89 score on a scale Standard Error 5.11	44.23 score on a scale Standard Error 4.77	51.69 score on a scale Standard Error 4.93	47.42 score on a scale Standard Error 4.60	48.39 score on a scale Standard Error 4.89	50.73 score on a scale Standard Error 4.77	46.62 score on a scale Standard Error 4.66	52.40 score on a scale Standard Error 4.94	49.56 score on a scale Standard Error 3.33
Supportive Accountability 10 weeks (mid-treatment)	52.82 score on a scale Standard Error 4.99	50.53 score on a scale Standard Error 4.66	57.13 score on a scale Standard Error 4.81	46.22 score on a scale Standard Error 4.49	50.86 score on a scale Standard Error 4.78	52.49 score on a scale Standard Error 4.66	49.55 score on a scale Standard Error 4.55	53.80 score on a scale Standard Error 4.82	51.67 score on a scale Standard Error 3.26
Supportive Accountability 20 weeks (post-treatment)	49.42 score on a scale Standard Error 4.84	43.19 score on a scale Standard Error 4.52	49.20 score on a scale Standard Error 4.67	43.41 score on a scale Standard Error 4.36	49.20 score on a scale Standard Error 4.63	43.41 score on a scale Standard Error 4.52	42.50 score on a scale Standard Error 4.41	50.11 score on a scale Standard Error 4.68	46.31 score on a scale Standard Error 3.16

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample.

Motivation for healthy eating was measured using 10 items adapted from the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Levesque et al., 2007). Using the question stem "The reason I would follow a healthy diet is...", participants rated items on a scale from 1 (not at all true) to 7 (very true). Six items were averaged to create a subscale of autonomous Motivation for healthy eating (range 1-7), with higher scores on each subscale indicated higher Autonomous Motivation.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Autonomous Motivation 0 weeks (baseline)	6.32 score on a scale Standard Error .15	6.48 score on a scale Standard Error .14	6.34 score on a scale Standard Error .14	6.46 score on a scale Standard Error .13	6.43 score on a scale Standard Error .14	6.37 score on a scale Standard Error .14	6.42 score on a scale Standard Error .13	6.38 score on a scale Standard Error .14	6.40 score on a scale Standard Error .10
Autonomous Motivation 10 weeks (Midtreatment)	6.32 score on a scale Standard Error .22	6.03 score on a scale Standard Error .20	5.96 score on a scale Standard Error .21	6.39 score on a scale Standard Error .20	6.22 score on a scale Standard Error .21	6.13 score on a scale Standard Error .20	6.11 score on a scale Standard Error .20	6.24 score on a scale Standard Error .21	6.18 score on a scale Standard Error .14
Autonomous Motivation 20 weeks (Post-Treatment)	6.09 score on a scale Standard Error .15	6.28 score on a scale Standard Error .14	6.09 score on a scale Standard Error .14	6.27 score on a scale Standard Error .13	6.32 score on a scale Standard Error .14	6.05 score on a scale Standard Error .14	6.44 score on a scale Standard Error .13	5.93 score on a scale Standard Error .14	6.18 score on a scale Standard Error .10

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample.

Motivation for healthy eating was measured using 10 items adapted from the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Levesque et al., 2007). Using the question stem "The reason I would follow a healthy diet is...", participants rated items on a scale from 1 (not at all true) to 7 (very true). Four items were averaged to create the subscale of external Motivation for healthy eating (range 1-7). Higher scores on each subscale indicated higher external motivation for healthy eating.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
External Motivation 0 weeks (Baseline)	2.82 score on a scale Standard Error .28	2.75 score on a scale Standard Error .26	2.89 score on a scale Standard Error .27	2.68 score on a scale Standard Error .25	2.82 score on a scale Standard Error .27	2.75 score on a scale Standard Error .26	2.71 score on a scale Standard Error .25	2.86 score on a scale Standard Error .27	2.78 score on a scale Standard Error .18
External Motivation 10 weeks (Midtreatment)	3.19 score on a scale Standard Error .29	2.74 score on a scale Standard Error .27	2.88 score on a scale Standard Error .28	3.05 score on a scale Standard Error .26	2.88 score on a scale Standard Error .28	3.05 score on a scale Standard Error .27	2.72 score on a scale Standard Error .27	3.21 score on a scale Standard Error .28	2.96 score on a scale Standard Error .19
External Motivation 20 weeks (Post-Treatment)	2.95 score on a scale Standard Error .28	2.44 score on a scale Standard Error .26	2.74 score on a scale Standard Error .27	2.65 score on a scale Standard Error .25	2.80 score on a scale Standard Error .27	2.58 score on a scale Standard Error .26	2.32 score on a scale Standard Error .25	3.06 score on a scale Standard Error .27	2.69 score on a scale Standard Error .18

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample.

Participants responded to 10 items adapted from the Sallis Social Support for Diet Questionnaire (Sallis et al., 1987). Using the question stem "The other adult(s) in my household...", participants rated items on a scale from 1 (none) to 5 (very often), with 6 indicating "Not Applicable" (N/A; recoded as 1). Five items were summed to measure encouragement of healthy eating (e.g., "complimented me on changing my eating habits"; range 5-25), with higher scores indicating higher encouragement. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Social Support (Encouragement) 0 weeks (Baseline)	14.05 score on a scale Standard Error .90	12.51 score on a scale Standard Error .84	13.64 score on a scale Standard Error .87	12.91 score on a scale Standard Error .81	13.31 score on a scale Standard Error .86	13.24 score on a scale Standard Error .84	12.39 score on a scale Standard Error .82	14.16 score on a scale Standard Error .87	13.28 score on a scale Standard Error .59
Social Support (Encouragement) 10 weeks (Midtreatment)	14.16 score on a scale Standard Error 1.03	14.46 score on a scale Standard Error .96	14.66 score on a scale Standard Error .99	13.95 score on a scale Standard Error .92	14.54 score on a scale Standard Error .98	14.08 score on a scale Standard Error .96	14.46 score on a scale Standard Error .94	14.16 score on a scale Standard Error .99	14.31 score on a scale Standard Error .67
Social Support (Encouragement) 20 weeks (Post-Treatment)	13.65 score on a scale Standard Error 1.14	14.14 score on a scale Standard Error 1.07	14.02 score on a scale Standard Error 1.10	13.78 score on a scale Standard Error 1.03	13.24 score on a scale Standard Error 1.09	14.55 score on a scale Standard Error 1.07	14.66 score on a scale Standard Error 1.04	13.14 score on a scale Standard Error 1.11	13.90 score on a scale Standard Error 12.40

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample.

Participants completed the Sallis Social Support for Diet Questionnaire (Sallis et al., 1987). Using the question stem "The other adult(s) in my household...", participants rated items on a scale from 1 (none) to 5 (very often). 6 indicated "Not Applicable," which was recoded as 1 (none). Five items (e.g., "ate unhealthy foods in front of me") were summed to create the Discouragement of Healthy Eating subscale (range 5-25); higher scores indicated higher discouragement.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Social Support (Discouragement) 0 weeks (Baseline)	13.64 score on a scale Standard Error .99	13.37 score on a scale Standard Error .92	13.55 score on a scale Standard Error .95	13.46 score on a scale Standard Error .89	13.42 score on a scale Standard Error .95	13.59 score on a scale Standard Error .92	13.64 score on a scale Standard Error .90	13.37 score on a scale Standard Error .95	13.51 score on a scale Standard Error .64
Social Support (Discouragement) 10 weeks (Midtreatment)	12.64 score on a scale Standard Error .90	11.56 score on a scale Standard Error .84	11.43 score on a scale Standard Error .87	12.76 score on a scale Standard Error .81	11.03 score on a scale Standard Error .86	13.16 score on a scale Standard Error .84	11.28 score on a scale Standard Error .82	12.91 score on a scale Standard Error .87	12.10 score on a scale Standard Error .59
Social Support (Discouragement) 20 weeks (Post-Treatment)	12.71 score on a scale Standard Error 1.01	12.10 score on a scale Standard Error .94	11.91 score on a scale Standard Error .97	12.90 score on a scale Standard Error .91	11.26 score on a scale Standard Error .97	13.55 score on a scale Standard Error .94	11.88 score on a scale Standard Error .92	12.93 score on a scale Standard Error .98	12.40 score on a scale Standard Error .66

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Baseline scores are reported for each condition and for the full sample.

Quality of the household relationship was measured using 5 items adapted from the Relationship Assessment Scale (Hendrick, 1988). Items assessed the quality of their relationship with the person who served as their household support partner in the Eatwell program (e.g., "How well does this person meet your needs") on a scale from 1 (Low) to 5 (High). Scores on the 5 items were averaged to calculate a Relationship Quality total score (range 1-5); higher scores indicated higher perceived relationship quality.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Quality of Household Relationship	4.10 score on a scale Standard Error .13	4.41 score on a scale Standard Error .13	4.30 score on a scale Standard Error .13	4.21 score on a scale Standard Error .13	4.19 score on a scale Standard Error .13	4.32 score on a scale Standard Error .13	4.33 score on a scale Standard Error .13	4.18 score on a scale Standard Error .13	4.25 score on a scale Standard Error .72

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0 weeks (Baseline)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Baseline scores are reported for each condition and for the full sample.

Weight history was measured using an investigator developed questionnaire. Participants answered the following question about weight history in the past 6 months: "Which of these statements best describe what has happened to your weight during the past 6 months?" Answer choices included: (1) My weight has stayed the same; (2) I've been losing weight; (3) I've been gaining weight; or (4) My weigh has fluctuated a lot.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Weight History My weight has fluctuated a lot	4 count of participants	6 count of participants	5 count of participants	5 count of participants	5 count of participants	5 count of participants	3 count of participants	7 count of participants	10 count of participants
Weight History My weight has stayed about the same	11 count of participants	14 count of participants	16 count of participants	9 count of participants	12 count of participants	13 count of participants	13 count of participants	12 count of participants	25 count of participants
Weight History I've been losing weight	2 count of participants	5 count of participants	4 count of participants	3 count of participants	3 count of participants	4 count of participants	5 count of participants	2 count of participants	7 count of participants
Weight History I've been gaining weight	14 count of participants	6 count of participants	6 count of participants	14 count of participants	10 count of participants	10 count of participants	10 count of participants	10 count of participants	20 count of participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample.

Dietary restraint was measured using the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (Cappelleri et al., 2009). For items #1-20, participants rated statements on a 4-point Likert scale from 1 (definitely true) to 4 (definitely false; reverse coded). Item 21 assessed overall restraint on an 8-point scale from 1 (no restraint) to 8 (total restraint), recoded such that 1-2=1; 3-4=2; 5-6=3; and 7-8=4 (so that all items ranged 1-4). Six items were summed to calculate a Restraint score (range = 6-24); higher scores indicated more restraint.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and ~4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Dietary Restraint 0 weeks (Baseline)	15.98 score on a scale Standard Error .60	14.71 score on a scale Standard Error .55	15.21 score on a scale Standard Error .57	15.49 score on a scale Standard Error .55	15.12 score on a scale Standard Error .58	15.57 score on a scale Standard Error .55	14.77 score on a scale Standard Error .55	15.92 score on a scale Standard Error .57	15.34 score on a scale Standard Error .39
Dietary Restraint 10 weeks (Midtreatment)	16.82 score on a scale Standard Error .62	16.45 score on a scale Standard Error .57	17.04 score on a scale Standard Error .59	16.22 score on a scale Standard Error .56	17.00 score on a scale Standard Error .60	16.27 score on a scale Standard Error .57	16.65 score on a scale Standard Error .57	16.61 score on a scale Standard Error .59	16.63 score on a scale Standard Error .40
Dietary Restraint 20 weeks (Post-Treatment)	16.57 score on a scale Standard Error .65	17.05 score on a scale Standard Error .60	16.80 score on a scale Standard Error .62	16.82 score on a scale Standard Error .59	17.37 score on a scale Standard Error .62	16.24 score on a scale Standard Error .60	17.12 score on a scale Standard Error .59	16.50 score on a scale Standard Error .62	16.81 score on a scale Standard Error .42

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample.

Uncontrolled eating was measured using the subscale of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire - 21 item (Cappelleri et al., 2009). Responses ranged from 1 (definitely true) to 4 (definitely false). Items were reverse coded and summed to calculate an uncontrolled eating (range = 6-24), with higher scores indicating higher uncontrolled eating.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Uncontrolled Eating 0 weeks (baseline)	20.03 score on a scale Standard Error 1.28	19.45 score on a scale Standard Error 1.20	19.47 score on a scale Standard Error 1.23	20.02 score on a scale Standard Error 1.25	19.37 score on a scale Standard Error 1.23	20.11 score on a scale Standard Error 1.19	20.63 score on a scale Standard Error 1.17	18.86 score on a scale Standard Error 1.24	19.74 score on a scale Standard Error .84
Uncontrolled Eating 10 weeks (mid-treatment)	18.80 score on a scale Standard Error 1.11	18.13 score on a scale Standard Error 1.04	18.83 score on a scale Standard Error 1.07	18.10 score on a scale Standard Error 1.00	18.07 score on a scale Standard Error 1.06	18.86 score on a scale Standard Error 1.04	18.90 score on a scale Standard Error 1.01	18.03 score on a scale Standard Error 1.07	18.46 score on a scale Standard Error .73
Uncontrolled Eating 20 weeks (post-treatment)	18.49 score on a scale Standard Error 1.17	17.91 score on a scale Standard Error 1.09	17.49 score on a scale Standard Error 1.12	18.90 score on a scale Standard Error 1.05	18.43 score on a scale Standard Error 1.11	17.97 score on a scale Standard Error 1.09	18.48 score on a scale Standard Error 1.06	17.91 score on a scale Standard Error 1.13	18.20 score on a scale Standard Error .76

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment)

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample.

Emotional eating was measured using the subscale of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire - 21 item (Cappelleri et al., 2009). Responses ranged from 1 (definitely true) to 4 (definitely false). Six were reverse coded and summed to calculate an emotional eating (range = 6-24), with higher scores indicating higher emotional eating.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Emotional Eating 0 weeks (baseline)	14.43 score on a scale Standard Error 1.23	12.94 score on a scale Standard Error 1.15	13.21 score on a scale Standard Error 1.19	14.14 score on a scale Standard Error 1.11	12.98 score on a scale Standard Error 1.18	14.36 score on a scale Standard Error 1.15	13.08 score on a scale Standard Error 1.12	14.26 score on a scale Standard Error 1.19	13.67 score on a scale Standard Error .80
Emotional Eating 10 weeks (mid-treatment)	14.26 score on a scale Standard Error 1.07	12.87 score on a scale Standard Error 1.00	13.29 score on a scale Standard Error 1.03	13.83 score on a scale Standard Error .96	13.46 score on a scale Standard Error 1.02	13.66 score on a scale Standard Error 1.00	13.19 score on a scale Standard Error .97	13.93 score on a scale Standard Error 1.03	13.56 score on a scale Standard Error .70
Emotional Eating 20 weeks (post-treatment)	13.47 score on a scale Standard Error 1.14	13.04 score on a scale Standard Error 1.07	12.69 score on a scale Standard Error 1.10	13.82 score on a scale Standard Error 1.03	13.43 score on a scale Standard Error 1.09	13.08 score on a scale Standard Error 1.07	12.61 score on a scale Standard Error 1.04	13.90 score on a scale Standard Error 1.11	13.25 score on a scale Standard Error .75

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0, 10, 20 weeks

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample.

A 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was adapted from similar measures (Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001). To measure intake for guideline 1 (i.e., fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and bean/ legumes ), participants rated how frequently they consumed these categories (4 items) during an average week over the past month (0=Never, 1=less than once per week, 2=once per week, 3=2-4 times/week, 4=nearly daily/daily, 5=greater than twice per day). A total guideline 1 score was calculated as the average of responses to the 4 items (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently eating fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and beans/legumes. This study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions (with ~4 participants) and was designed to collapse across conditions (i.e., comparing 8 conditions where factor is ON to 8 OFF conditions). Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Dietary Intake - FFQ (Guideline 1) 0 weeks (baseline)	2.71 score on a scale Standard Error .16	2.58 score on a scale Standard Error .15	2.74 score on a scale Standard Error .16	2.56 score on a scale Standard Error .15	2.79 score on a scale Standard Error .15	2.51 score on a scale Standard Error .15	2.60 score on a scale Standard Error .15	2.70 score on a scale Standard Error .16	2.65 score on a scale Standard Error .11
Dietary Intake - FFQ (Guideline 1) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	3.48 score on a scale Standard Error .20	3.08 score on a scale Standard Error .18	3.39 score on a scale Standard Error .19	3.17 score on a scale Standard Error .18	3.36 score on a scale Standard Error .19	3.19 score on a scale Standard Error .18	3.25 score on a scale Standard Error .18	3.31 score on a scale Standard Error .19	3.28 score on a scale Standard Error .13

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0, 10, 20 weeks

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample.

A 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was adapted from similar measures (Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001). To measure intake for guideline 2 (i.e., processed foods high in fat, starches, sugars), participants rated how frequently they consumed foods from these categories (6 items) during an average week over the past month (0=Never, 1=less than once per week, 2=once per week, 3=2-4 times/week, 4=nearly daily/daily, 5=greater than twice per day). A total guideline 2 score was calculated as the average of responses to the 6 items (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently eating processed foods. This study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions (with ~4 participants) and was designed to collapse across conditions (i.e., comparing 8 conditions where factor is ON to 8 OFF conditions). Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Dietary Intake - FFQ (Guideline 2) 0 weeks (baseline)	2.41 score on a scale Standard Error .17	2.10 score on a scale Standard Error .16	2.20 score on a scale Standard Error .16	2.30 score on a scale Standard Error .15	2.23 score on a scale Standard Error .16	2.28 score on a scale Standard Error .16	2.27 score on a scale Standard Error .15	2.24 score on a scale Standard Error .16	2.25 score on a scale Standard Error .11
Dietary Intake - FFQ (Guideline 2) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	1.43 score on a scale Standard Error .16	1.33 score on a scale Standard Error .15	1.22 score on a scale Standard Error .15	1.54 score on a scale Standard Error .14	1.23 score on a scale Standard Error .15	1.53 score on a scale Standard Error .15	1.29 score on a scale Standard Error .15	1.47 score on a scale Standard Error .15	1.38 score on a scale Standard Error .10

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0, 10, 20 weeks

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample.

A 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was adapted from similar measures (Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001). To measure intake for guideline 3 (i.e., red and processed meat), participants rated how frequently they consumed these categories (2 items) during an average week over the past month (0=Never, 1=less than once per week, 2=once per week, 3=2-4 times/week, 4=nearly daily/daily, 5=greater than twice per day). A total guideline 3 score was calculated as the average of responses to the 2 items (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently eating red and processed meats. This study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions (with ~4 participants) and was designed to collapse across conditions (i.e., comparing 8 conditions where factor is ON to 8 OFF conditions). Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Dietary Intake - FFQ (Guideline 3) 0 weeks (baseline)	1.82 score on a scale Standard Error .19	1.98 score on a scale Standard Error .17	1.68 score on a scale Standard Error .18	2.12 score on a scale Standard Error .17	1.77 score on a scale Standard Error .18	2.02 score on a scale Standard Error .17	1.84 score on a scale Standard Error .17	1.98 score on a scale Standard Error .18	1.90 score on a scale Standard Error .12
Dietary Intake - FFQ (Guideline 3) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	1.11 score on a scale Standard Error .16	1.08 score on a scale Standard Error .15	.91 score on a scale Standard Error .16	1.28 score on a scale Standard Error .15	.95 score on a scale Standard Error .15	1.24 score on a scale Standard Error .15	.93 score on a scale Standard Error .15	1.26 score on a scale Standard Error .16	1.09 score on a scale Standard Error .11

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0, 10, 20 weeks

Population: Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample.

A 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was adapted from similar measures (Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001). To measure intake for guideline 4 (i.e., sugar-sweetened drinks), participants rated how frequently they consumed these drinks (1 item) during an average week over the past month (0=Never, 1=less than once per week, 2=once per week, 3=2-4 times/week, 4=nearly daily/daily, 5=greater than twice per day). Given intake for guideline 4 was assessed with only 1 item on the FFQ, the total guideline 4 score was the response to this single item (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently drinking sugar-sweetened drinks. This study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions (with ~4 participants) and was designed to collapse across conditions (i.e., comparing 8 conditions where factor is ON to 8 OFF conditions). Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Dietary Intake - FFQ (Guideline 4) 0 weeks (baseline)	2.07 score on a scale Standard Error .31	2.21 score on a scale Standard Error .30	2.07 score on a scale Standard Error .31	2.16 score on a scale Standard Error .29	2.04 score on a scale Standard Error .30	2.19 score on a scale Standard Error .30	2.24 score on a scale Standard Error .29	2.00 score on a scale Standard Error .31	2.12 score on a scale Standard Error .21
Dietary Intake - FFQ (Guideline 4) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	1.29 score on a scale Standard Error .28	1.11 score on a scale Standard Error .27	1.29 score on a scale Standard Error .28	.96 score on a scale Standard Error .26	1.28 score on a scale Standard Error .28	1.28 score on a scale Standard Error .28	.94 score on a scale Standard Error .27	1.31 score on a scale Standard Error .28	1.12 score on a scale Standard Error .19

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 10 weeks (mid-treatment)

An adapted 8- item version of the Treatment Acceptability Questionnaire (Hunsley, 1993) was used to assess intervention acceptability. Eight questions probed their program experience and how helpful/acceptable they found various intervention components (e.g., "How effective do you think this program is?"). Responses ranged from 1 = no/low acceptability to 7 = high acceptability. A total score was calculated as the average across all 8 items (range 8-56) where higher scores indicate greater treatment acceptability.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Treatment Acceptability: 10 Weeks	47.51 score on a scale Standard Error 2.02	44.13 score on a scale Standard Error 1.97	46.25 score on a scale Standard Error 1.85	45.39 score on a scale Standard Error 2.03	44.87 score on a scale Standard Error 2.04	46.77 score on a scale Standard Error 1.89	44.82 score on a scale Standard Error 1.70	46.82 score on a scale Standard Error 2.09	45.76 score on a scale Standard Error 1.28

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 20 weeks (post-treatment)

An adapted 8- item version of the Treatment Acceptability Questionnaire (Hunsley, 1993) was used to assess intervention acceptability. Eight questions probed their program experience and how helpful/acceptable they found various intervention components (e.g., "How effective do you think this program is?"). Responses ranged from 1 = no/low acceptability to 7 = high acceptability. A total score was calculated as the average across all 8 items (range 8-56) where higher scores indicate greater treatment acceptability.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Treatment Acceptability: 20 Weeks	47.71 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.11	46.46 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.10	48.31 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.94	45.87 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.87	48.51 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.21	45.67 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.02	46.87 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.53	47.31 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.33	46.82 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.25

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0 weeks

Population: Household members who served in a support role for participants assigned to the household support ON condition. We attempted to get data from all household members; however, only 17 responded on this item.

Two self-report items developed by the investigator assessed the goals of the selected household member at baseline: "On a scale of 1-100, how important is it that you adopt healthier eating habits right now?". Item 2 asked "On a scale of 1-100, how important is it that you help your household member adopt healthier eating habits right now?". For each item, household members responded on a scale from 0 - not important at all, 50 - about as important as most of the other things I would like to achieve now, to 100 - most important thing in my life now. Items were analyzed at individually, and each item ranged 0-100 where higher scores indicate higher importance of the associated goal.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=17 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample The total sample, includes all conditions
Goals and Stages of Change- Household Member Importance of Helping Participant Change Habits	73.88 score on a scale Standard Deviation 22.32	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Goals and Stages of Change- Household Member Importance of Change Own Habits	69.76 score on a scale Standard Deviation 19.94	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0, 20 weeks

Population: Household members (among partners in the household condition). Household members who served in a support role for participants assigned to the household support ON condition. We attempted to get data from all household members; however, only 17 responded to this item.

Household members completed the same 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire as the index participant (adapted from Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001) to measure dietary intake. Household members are presented with 13 categories of foods that are relevant for each of the cancer prevention dietary guidelines (e.g., "Fresh, frozen, or canned fruit (not dried or fruit juice)", "Red meats such as beef, pork, lamb"). They rated how frequently they consume each category during an average week over the past month. Scale is as follows: 0 = Never, 1 = less than per week, 2= once per week, 3 = 2-4 times per week, 4 = nearly daily or daily, 5 = greater than twice per day. The 13 items are then classified into the guideline they pertain to and total guidelines scores were calculated as the average of responses to all relevant items (range 0-5) where higher scores indicate more frequently eating items associated with that nutrition guideline.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=17 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample The total sample, includes all conditions
Dietary Intake-household Member Guideline 1 (Baseline)	2.78 score on a scale Standard Deviation .83	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Dietary Intake-household Member Guideline 1 (Posttreatment)	3.29 score on a scale Standard Deviation .65	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Dietary Intake-household Member Guideline 2 (Baseline)	2.49 score on a scale Standard Deviation .72	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Dietary Intake-household Member Guideline 2 (Posttreatment)	1.73 score on a scale Standard Deviation .70	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Dietary Intake-household Member Guideline 3 (Baseline)	2.24 score on a scale Standard Deviation .66	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Dietary Intake-household Member Guideline 3 (Posttreatment)	1.79 score on a scale Standard Deviation .97	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Dietary Intake-household Member Guideline 4 (Baseline)	1.65 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.80	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Dietary Intake-household Member Guideline 4 (Posttreatment)	1.41 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.18	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 20 weeks

Population: Household members (among partners in the household condition). Household members who served in a support role for participants assigned to the household support ON condition. We attempted to get data from all household members; however, only 17 responded on this item.

Household members completed the same adapted 8- item version of the Treatment Acceptability Questionnaire (Hunsley, 1993) as index participants. This measured acceptability of the intervention. Household members were presented with 8 questions about their experience during the program and how helpful/acceptable they found various intervention components to be (e.g., "How effective do you think this program is?", "How trustworthy do you think your coach was?". Household members responded to each question on a 7-point Likert scale where 1 = no/low acceptability and 7 = high acceptability. A total score was calculated as the average across all 8 items (range 8-56) where higher scores indicate greater treatment acceptability.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=17 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample The total sample, includes all conditions
Treatment Acceptability - Household	45.00 score on a scale Standard Deviation 5.71	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0, 20 weeks

Population: Household members (among partners in the household condition). Only half of participants were asked to include a household member, and 12 of these household members successfully provided data.

Household members completed the same 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire as the index participant (adapted from Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001) to measure dietary intake. To measure intake consistent with guideline 1 of the dietary cancer prevention guidelines (i.e., intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and bean/ legumes ), household members rated how frequently they consumed these categories (4 items) during an average week over the past month. Scale was as follows: 0 = Never, 1 = less than once per week, 2= once per week, 3 = 2-4 times per week, 4 = nearly daily or daily, 5 = greater than twice per day. A total guideline 1 score was calculated as the average of responses to the 4 items (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently eating fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and beans/legumes.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=12 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample The total sample, includes all conditions
Dietary Intake- Household Member - FFQ (Guideline 1) 0 weeks (baseline)	2.73 score on a scale Standard Deviation .67	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Dietary Intake- Household Member - FFQ (Guideline 1) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	3.38 score on a scale Standard Deviation .67	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0, 20 weeks

Population: Household members (among partners in the household condition). Only half of participants were asked to include a household member, and 12 of these household members successfully provided data.

Household members completed the same 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire as the index participant (adapted from Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001) to measure dietary intake. To measure intake consistent with guideline 2 of the dietary cancer prevention guidelines (i.e., intake of processed foods high in fat, starches, or sugars), household members rated how frequently they consumed foods that fell into these categories (6 items) during an average week over the past month. Scale was as follows: 0 = Never, 1 = less than once per week, 2= once per week, 3 = 2-4 times per week, 4 = nearly daily or daily, 5 = greater than twice per day. A total guideline 2 score was calculated as the average of responses to the 6 items (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently eating processed foods high in far, starches, and sugars.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=12 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample The total sample, includes all conditions
Dietary Intake - Household Member - FFQ (Guideline 2) 0 weeks (baseline)	2.65 score on a scale Standard Deviation .63	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Dietary Intake - Household Member - FFQ (Guideline 2) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	1.71 score on a scale Standard Deviation .76	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0, 20 weeks

Population: Household members (among partners in the household condition). Only half of participants were asked to include a household member, and 12 of these household members successfully provided data.

Household members completed the same 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire as the index participant (adapted from Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001) to measure dietary intake. To measure intake consistent with guideline 3 of the dietary cancer prevention guidelines (i.e., intake of red and processed meats), household members rated how frequently they consumed red meats and processed meats (2 items) during an average week over the past month. Scale was as follows: 0 = Never, 1 = less than once per week, 2= once per week, 3 = 2-4 times per week, 4 = nearly daily or daily, 5 = greater than twice per day. A total guideline 3 score was calculated as the average of responses to the 2 items (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently eating red and processed meats.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=12 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample The total sample, includes all conditions
Dietary Intake-household Member - FFQ (Guideline 3) 0 weeks (baseline)	2.17 score on a scale Standard Deviation .75	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Dietary Intake-household Member - FFQ (Guideline 3) 20 weeks (post-treatment)	1.67 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.09	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 0, 20 weeks

Population: Household members (among partners in the household condition). Only half of participants were asked to include a household member, and 12 of these household members successfully provided data.

Household members completed the same 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire as the index participant (adapted from Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001) to measure dietary intake. To measure intake consistent with guideline 4 of the dietary cancer prevention guidelines (i.e., intake of sugar sweetened beverages), household members rated how frequently they consumed sugar sweetened beverages (1 item) during an average week over the past month. Scale was as follows: 0 = Never, 1 = less than once per week, 2= once per week, 3 = 2-4 times per week, 4 = nearly daily or daily, 5 = greater than twice per day. A total guideline 4 score was calculated as the response to this item (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently drinking sugar sweetened beverages.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=12 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample The total sample, includes all conditions
Dietary Intake-household Member - FFQ - Guideline 4 0 weeks (baseline)	1.75 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.91	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Dietary Intake-household Member - FFQ - Guideline 4 20 weeks (post-treatment)	1.50 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.31	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF).

To calculate adherence to the NCI dietary recommendations for guideline 1 (fruits, vegetables, and fiber), the WCRF/AICR scoring method from Turati et al., 2020 was used. This method has pre-defined cutoff values for the recommended levels of intake for each nutrient that is expected to have clinical significance. Based on their self-reported levels of dietary intake for whole grains, beans, fruits, and vegetable consumption, participants receive adherence scores for each dietary domain of 0 (failure to meet recommendation), 0.5 (partially meeting recommended levels), or 1 (fully meeting recommended level of intake). Guideline 1 (fruits, vegetables, and fiber) total adherence score (range 0-1) was calculated as the average of adherence scores for whole grains, beans, fruits, and vegetable consumption.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Adherence to AICR Cancer Prevention Guidelines: Guideline 1 0 weeks (baseline)	.38 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.48 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.45 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.40 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.47 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.38 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.44 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.41 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.43 score on a scale Standard Error .04
Adherence to AICR Cancer Prevention Guidelines: Guideline 1 20 weeks (post-treatment)	.50 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.39 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.44 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.45 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.44 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.45 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.44 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.45 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.45 score on a scale Standard Error .04

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF).

To calculate adherence to the NCI dietary recommendations for guideline 2 (intake of processed foods), the WCRF/AICR scoring method from Turati et al., 2020 was used. This method has pre-defined cutoff values for the recommended levels of intake for each nutrient that is expected to have clinical significance. Based on their self-reported levels of intake of added sugar, saturated fat, and sodium in processed foods, participants receive adherence scores for each dietary domain of 0 (failure to meet recommendation), 0.5 (partially meeting recommended levels), or 1 (fully meeting recommended level of intake). Guideline 2 total adherence score (range 0-1) was calculated as the average of adherence scores for consumption of added sugar, saturated fat, and sodium in processed foods.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Adherence to AICR Cancer Prevention Guidelines: Guideline 2 0 weeks (baseline)	.47 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.58 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.57 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.48 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.54 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.51 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.48 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.58 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.53 score on a scale Standard Error .04
Adherence to AICR Cancer Prevention Guidelines: Guideline 2 20 weeks (post-treatment)	.71 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.77 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.80 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.69 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.75 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.73 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.79 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.70 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.74 score on a scale Standard Error .04

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF).

To calculate adherence to the NCI dietary recommendations for guideline 3 (intake of red and processed meats), the WCRF/AICR scoring method from Turati et al., 2020 was used. This method has pre-defined cutoff values for the recommended levels of intake for each nutrient that is expected to have clinical significance. Based on their self-reported levels of intake of red and processed meats, participants receive adherence scores for each dietary domain of 0 (failure to meet recommendation), 0.5 (partially meeting recommended levels), or 1 (fully meeting recommended level of intake). Guideline 3 total adherence score (range 0-1) was calculated as the average of adherence scores for red and processed meat intake.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Adherence to AICR Cancer Prevention Guidelines: Guideline 3 0 weeks (baseline)	.56 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.55 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.61 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.50 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.64 score on a scale Standard Error .06	48 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.55 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.57 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.56 score on a scale Standard Error .04
Adherence to AICR Cancer Prevention Guidelines: Guideline 3 20 weeks (post-treatment)	.72 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.69 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.70 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.72 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.73 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.68 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.79 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.63 score on a scale Standard Error .05	.71 score on a scale Standard Error .04

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF).

To calculate adherence to the NCI dietary recommendations for guideline 4 (intake of sugar sweetened beverages), the WCRF/AICR scoring method from Turati et al., 2020 was used. This method has pre-defined cutoff values for the recommended levels of intake for each nutrient that is expected to have clinical significance. Based on their self-reported levels of intake of sugar sweetened beverages, participants receive an adherence score of 0 (failure to meet recommendation), 0.5 (partially meeting recommended levels), or 1 (fully meeting recommended level of intake). Guideline 4 total adherence score (range 0-1) was calculated as adherence score for intake of sugar sweetened beverages.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=31 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=31 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=30 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=32 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=31 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=31 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=62 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Adherence to AICR Cancer Prevention Guidelines: Guideline 4 0 weeks (baseline)	.26 score on a scale Standard Error .07	.26 score on a scale Standard Error .07	.21 score on a scale Standard Error .07	.31 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.26 score on a scale Standard Error .07	.26 score on a scale Standard Error .06	.30 score on a scale Standard Error .07	.23 score on a scale Standard Error .07	.26 score on a scale Standard Error .05
Adherence to AICR Cancer Prevention Guidelines: Guideline 4 20 weeks (post-treatment)	.40 score on a scale Standard Error .07	.43 score on a scale Standard Error .07	.38 score on a scale Standard Error .07	.45 score on a scale Standard Error .07	.38 score on a scale Standard Error .07	.45 score on a scale Standard Error .07	.43 score on a scale Standard Error .07	.40 score on a scale Standard Error .07	.41 score on a scale Standard Error .05

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). Ns are lower for grocery store purchasing outcome vs. others because the aim was exploratory, as the project was pilot testing the grocery store purchase data collection system. Many participants had missing data.

To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Fruit purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of fruit purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=5 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=7 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=9 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=3 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=4 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=8 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=8 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=4 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=12 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Grocery Store Purchases - Fruit 0 weeks (baseline)	7.57 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.55	6.49 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.61	7.07 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 1.44	6.99 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.31	4.29 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.83	9.77 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.38	3.54 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 1.57	10.52 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.13	7.03 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 1.41
Grocery Store Purchases - Fruit 20 weeks (post-treatment)	10.61 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.66	7.55 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.79	8.18 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.19	9.97 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.12	7.19 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 6.28	10.96 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.27	9.13 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.49	9.02 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 4.73	9.08 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.14

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). Ns are lower for grocery store purchasing outcome vs. others because the aim was exploratory, as the project was pilot testing the grocery store purchase data collection system. Many participants had missing data.

To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Vegetable purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of fruit purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=7 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=5 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=3 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=9 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=8 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=4 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=4 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=8 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=12 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Grocery Store Purchases - Vegetables 0 weeks (baseline)	6.14 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.29	19.82 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.41	13.14 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.98	12.83 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 4.79	14.65 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.87	11.32 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 4.93	14.23 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.26	11.74 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 4.42	12.98 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.93
Grocery Store Purchases - Vegetables 20 weeks (post-treatment)	14.40 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 7.70	30.61 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 7.87	22.60 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 4.34	22.41 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 6.97	28.57 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 8.54	16.44 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 7.17	22.61 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 4.74	22.40 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 6.43	22.51 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 4.27

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). Ns are lower for grocery store purchasing outcome vs. others because the aim was exploratory, as the project was pilot testing the grocery store purchase data collection system. Many participants had missing data.

To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Meat purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of meat purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=7 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=5 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=3 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=9 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=8 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=4 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=4 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=8 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=12 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Grocery Store Purchases - Meat 0 weeks (baseline)	3.87 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.83	7.48 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.83	5.03 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 1.60	6.32 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.56	6.50 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.14	4.86 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.63	6.21 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 1.74	5.14 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.36	5.68 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 1.57
Grocery Store Purchases - Meat 20 weeks (post-treatment)	9.25 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 4.62	7.72 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 4.73	7.32 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.61	9.65 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 4.18	6.83 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.13	6.83 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.13	10.07 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.84	6.90 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.86	8.48 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.56

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). Ns are lower for grocery store purchasing outcome vs. others because the aim was exploratory, as the project was pilot testing the grocery store purchase data collection system. Many participants had missing data.

To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Grains/beans purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of grains and beans purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%.This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=5 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=7 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=9 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=3 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=4 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=8 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=8 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=4 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=12 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Grocery Store Purchases - Grains and Beans 0 weeks (baseline)	11.28 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 6.39	15.71 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 6.54	8.75 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.61	18.24 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.78	16.47 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 7.09	10.53 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.95	15.78 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.93	11.21 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.34	13.50 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.54
Grocery Store Purchases - Grains and Beans 20 weeks (post-treatment)	5.64 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.65	5.53 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.71	4.57 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 1.50	6.60 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.40	6.87 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.94	4.30 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.47	4.69 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 1.63	6.48 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.22	5.59 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 1.47

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). Ns are lower for grocery store purchasing outcome vs. others because the aim was exploratory, as the project was pilot testing the grocery store purchase data collection system. Many participants had missing data.

To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of SSB purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=5 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=7 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=9 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=3 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=4 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=8 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=8 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=4 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=12 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Grocery Store Purchases - Sugar-Sweetened Beverages 0 weeks (baseline)	9.88 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 1.95	5.88 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 1.99	6.92 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 1.10	8.84 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 1.76	7.64 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.16	8.12 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 1.81	7.43 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 1.20	8.33 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 1.63	7.88 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 1.08
Grocery Store Purchases - Sugar-Sweetened Beverages 20 weeks (post-treatment)	15.11 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.25	5.52 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.37	13.07 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.96	7.56 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 4.75	7.30 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.83	13.32 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 4.89	8.20 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.23	12.43 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 4.39	10.31 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.91

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). Ns are lower for grocery store purchasing outcome vs. others because the aim was exploratory, as the project was pilot testing the grocery store purchase data collection system. Many participants had missing data.

To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Sweets purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of meat purchases divided by total sweets purchases. Scores range from 0-100%.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=5 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=7 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=9 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=3 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=4 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=8 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=8 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=4 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=12 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Grocery Store Purchases - Sweets 0 weeks (baseline)	20.11 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.83	.00 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.96	13.68 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.29	6.43 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.27	3.24 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 6.47	16.87 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.43	13.33 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.59	6.78 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 4.87	10.06 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.23
Grocery Store Purchases - Sweets 20 weeks (post-treatment)	10.71 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 6.20	13.78 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 6.33	13.89 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.50	10.61 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.60	19.80 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 6.87	4.70 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.77	14.22 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.81	10.27 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.17	12.25 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.43

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). Ns are lower for grocery store purchasing outcome vs. others because the aim was exploratory, as the project was pilot testing the grocery store purchase data collection system. Many participants had missing data.

To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Snack purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of snack purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%.

This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=5 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=7 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=9 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=3 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=4 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=8 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=8 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=4 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=12 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Grocery Store Purchases - Snacks 20 weeks (post-treatment)	14.81 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 4.22	5.11 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 4.32	7.33 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.38	12.59 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.82	6.30 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 4.69	13.61 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.93	8.22 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.60	11.69 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.53	9.96 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.34
Grocery Store Purchases - Snacks 0 weeks (baseline)	13.37 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.70	7.16 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.79	10.56 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.09	9.97 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.35	11.70 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 4.11	8.83 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.45	9.72 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.28	10.82 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 3.09	10.27 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 2.05

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks)

Population: Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). Ns are lower for grocery store purchasing outcome vs. others because the aim was exploratory, as the project was pilot testing the grocery store purchase data collection system. Many participants had missing data.

To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Processed food purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of processed food purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%.This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample.

Outcome measures

Measure	Coach Monitoring - ON n=5 Participants Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. Coach monitoring: Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes.	Coach Monitoring - OFF n=7 Participants Participants did not receive the coach monitoring intervention	Benefits of Change - ON n=9 Participants Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. Reflections on benefits of change: Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages.	Benefits of Change - OFF n=3 Participants Participants did not receive a benefits of change intervention.	Location Triggered Messaging - ON n=4 Participants Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. Location-triggered notification: If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF.	Location Triggered Messaging - OFF n=8 Participants Participants did not receive location triggered messaging intervention	Household Support - ON n=8 Participants An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. Household support: If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement.	Household Support - OFF n=4 Participants Participants did not receive the household support intervention.	Full Sample n=12 Participants The total sample, includes all conditions
Grocery Store Purchases - Other Processed Foods 0 weeks (baseline)	27.78 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 9.50	37.45 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 9.72	34.84 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.36	30.40 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 8.60	35.52 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 10.55	29.71 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 8.85	29.76 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.85	35.47 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 7.94	32.62 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.26
Grocery Store Purchases - Other Processed Foods 20 weeks (post-treatment)	19.48 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 9.86	24.19 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 10.08	23.06 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.56	20.62 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 8.92	17.14 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 10.94	26.53 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 9.18	22.86 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 6.07	20.81 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 8.32	21.84 percentage of grocery store purchases Standard Error 5.46

Adverse Events

Condition 1

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Condition 2

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Condition 3

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Condition 4

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Condition 5

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Condition 6

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Condition 7

Serious events: 1 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Condition 8

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Condition 9

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Condition 10

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Condition 11

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Condition 12

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Condition 13

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Condition 14

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Condition 15

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Condition 16

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Measure	Condition 1 n=4 participants at risk Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF.	Condition 2 n=7 participants at risk Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF.	Condition 3 n=2 participants at risk Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF.	Condition 4 n=2 participants at risk Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF.	Condition 5 n=7 participants at risk Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON.	Condition 6 n=2 participants at risk Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON.	Condition 7 n=5 participants at risk Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON.	Condition 8 n=2 participants at risk Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON.	Condition 9 n=3 participants at risk Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF.	Condition 10 n=5 participants at risk Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF.	Condition 11 n=6 participants at risk Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF.	Condition 12 n=2 participants at risk Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON.	Condition 13 n=5 participants at risk Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON.	Condition 14 n=2 participants at risk Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF.	Condition 15 n=4 participants at risk Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON.	Condition 16 n=4 participants at risk Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON.
Infections and infestations Infection	0.00% 0/4 • Pre-treatment to post-treatment (20 weeks)	0.00% 0/7 • Pre-treatment to post-treatment (20 weeks)	0.00% 0/2 • Pre-treatment to post-treatment (20 weeks)	0.00% 0/2 • Pre-treatment to post-treatment (20 weeks)	0.00% 0/7 • Pre-treatment to post-treatment (20 weeks)	0.00% 0/2 • Pre-treatment to post-treatment (20 weeks)	20.0% 1/5 • Number of events 1 • Pre-treatment to post-treatment (20 weeks)	0.00% 0/2 • Pre-treatment to post-treatment (20 weeks)	0.00% 0/3 • Pre-treatment to post-treatment (20 weeks)	0.00% 0/5 • Pre-treatment to post-treatment (20 weeks)	0.00% 0/6 • Pre-treatment to post-treatment (20 weeks)	0.00% 0/2 • Pre-treatment to post-treatment (20 weeks)	0.00% 0/5 • Pre-treatment to post-treatment (20 weeks)	0.00% 0/2 • Pre-treatment to post-treatment (20 weeks)	0.00% 0/4 • Pre-treatment to post-treatment (20 weeks)	0.00% 0/4 • Pre-treatment to post-treatment (20 weeks)

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Dr. Meghan Butryn

Drexel University

Phone: 215-553-7108

Email: mlb34@drexel.edu

Results disclosure agreements

• Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
• Publication restrictions are in place