Trial Outcomes & Findings for A Study of a Plant-Based Diet in People With Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS) or Smoldering Multiple Myeloma (SMM) (NCT NCT04920084)

NCT ID: NCT04920084

Last Updated: 2025-09-09

Results Overview

Weight loss is defined as the average decrease in BMI at 12 weeks

Recruitment status

ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

23 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

12 weeks

Results posted on

2025-09-09

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Plant-based Meals
Patients who will be administered a whole-foods plant-based diet for 12 weeks with nutrition counselling for 24 weeks.Participants will be asked to complete a survey via MSK Engage and a notification will be sent via email notification. Plant based meals: For 12 weeks, patients will receive two premade meals per day, for lunch and dinner, prepared and shipped weekly by U.S.-based WFPBD company Plantable. The meals will have a low glycemic index and contain vegetables, whole grains, and plant-based fats that have undergone minimal processing. Instructions will be provided for food storage and reheating. Detailed recommendations for snacks and breakfasts meeting the standard of a WFPBD will also be given to supplement their daily calorie needs with access to an online portal from Plantable which contains education materials and access to a coach daily for 24 weeks.
Overall Study
STARTED
23
Overall Study
COMPLETED
18
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
5

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Plant-based Meals
Patients who will be administered a whole-foods plant-based diet for 12 weeks with nutrition counselling for 24 weeks.Participants will be asked to complete a survey via MSK Engage and a notification will be sent via email notification. Plant based meals: For 12 weeks, patients will receive two premade meals per day, for lunch and dinner, prepared and shipped weekly by U.S.-based WFPBD company Plantable. The meals will have a low glycemic index and contain vegetables, whole grains, and plant-based fats that have undergone minimal processing. Instructions will be provided for food storage and reheating. Detailed recommendations for snacks and breakfasts meeting the standard of a WFPBD will also be given to supplement their daily calorie needs with access to an online portal from Plantable which contains education materials and access to a coach daily for 24 weeks.
Overall Study
Adverse Event
1
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
2
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
2

Baseline Characteristics

A Study of a Plant-Based Diet in People With Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS) or Smoldering Multiple Myeloma (SMM)

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Plant-based Meals
n=23 Participants
Patients who will be administered a whole-foods plant-based diet for 12 weeks with nutrition counselling for 24 weeks.Participants will be asked to complete a survey via MSK Engage and a notification will be sent via email notification. Plant based meals: For 12 weeks, patients will receive two premade meals per day, for lunch and dinner, prepared and shipped weekly by U.S.-based WFPBD company Plantable. The meals will have a low glycemic index and contain vegetables, whole grains, and plant-based fats that have undergone minimal processing. Instructions will be provided for food storage and reheating. Detailed recommendations for snacks and breakfasts meeting the standard of a WFPBD will also be given to supplement their daily calorie needs with access to an online portal from Plantable which contains education materials and access to a coach daily for 24 weeks.
Age, Continuous
62 years
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
13 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
10 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
21 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
8 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
14 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
23 Participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Weight loss is defined as the average decrease in BMI at 12 weeks

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Plant-based Meals
n=20 Participants
Patients who will be administered a whole-foods plant-based diet for 12 weeks with nutrition counselling for 24 weeks.Participants will be asked to complete a survey via MSK Engage and a notification will be sent via email notification. Plant based meals: For 12 weeks, patients will receive two premade meals per day, for lunch and dinner, prepared and shipped weekly by U.S.-based WFPBD company Plantable. The meals will have a low glycemic index and contain vegetables, whole grains, and plant-based fats that have undergone minimal processing. Instructions will be provided for food storage and reheating. Detailed recommendations for snacks and breakfasts meeting the standard of a WFPBD will also be given to supplement their daily calorie needs with access to an online portal from Plantable which contains education materials and access to a coach daily for 24 weeks.
Difference of Body Mass Index From Baseline to Week 12
BMI at baseline
34.30 kg/m^2
Interval 30.52 to 38.5
Difference of Body Mass Index From Baseline to Week 12
BMI at 12 weeks
32 kg/m^2
Interval 26.7 to 36.82

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Intervention defined as ≥70% of participants consuming a whole food, plant-based diet/WFPBD for ≥70% of meals of the 12-week intervention period (determined via a dietary recall and nutritional survey).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Plant-based Meals
n=20 Participants
Patients who will be administered a whole-foods plant-based diet for 12 weeks with nutrition counselling for 24 weeks.Participants will be asked to complete a survey via MSK Engage and a notification will be sent via email notification. Plant based meals: For 12 weeks, patients will receive two premade meals per day, for lunch and dinner, prepared and shipped weekly by U.S.-based WFPBD company Plantable. The meals will have a low glycemic index and contain vegetables, whole grains, and plant-based fats that have undergone minimal processing. Instructions will be provided for food storage and reheating. Detailed recommendations for snacks and breakfasts meeting the standard of a WFPBD will also be given to supplement their daily calorie needs with access to an online portal from Plantable which contains education materials and access to a coach daily for 24 weeks.
Percentage of Whole Food, Plant-based Diet/WFPBD Meals Consumed at Baseline and at 12 Weeks
Adherence at baseline
21 percentage of WFPBD meals consumed
Interval 10.0 to 38.0
Percentage of Whole Food, Plant-based Diet/WFPBD Meals Consumed at Baseline and at 12 Weeks
Adherence at 12 weeks
93 percentage of WFPBD meals consumed
Interval 84.0 to 96.0

Adverse Events

Plant-based Meals

Serious events: 14 serious events
Other events: 15 other events
Deaths: 1 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Plant-based Meals
n=23 participants at risk
Patients who will be administered a whole-foods plant-based diet for 12 weeks with nutrition counselling for 24 weeks.Participants will be asked to complete a survey via MSK Engage and a notification will be sent via email notification. Plant based meals: For 12 weeks, patients will receive two premade meals per day, for lunch and dinner, prepared and shipped weekly by U.S.-based WFPBD company Plantable. The meals will have a low glycemic index and contain vegetables, whole grains, and plant-based fats that have undergone minimal processing. Instructions will be provided for food storage and reheating. Detailed recommendations for snacks and breakfasts meeting the standard of a WFPBD will also be given to supplement their daily calorie needs with access to an online portal from Plantable which contains education materials and access to a coach daily for 24 weeks.
Gastrointestinal disorders
Small intestinal obstruction
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Abdominal pain
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Renal and urinary disorders
Acute kidney injury
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Febrile autoimmune neutropenia
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Constipation
8.7%
2/23 • 12 weeks
Nervous system disorders
Indigestion/Dysgeusia
8.7%
2/23 • 12 weeks
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Polyps
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Hyponatremia
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Hypomagnesemia
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Cough
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Sinus pain
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Infections and infestations
Herpes simplex reactivation
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Infections and infestations
Thrush
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Infections and infestations
Shingles
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Infections and infestations
Tooth infection
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Infections and infestations
Urinary tract infection
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Skin changes (dry, rash, hyperpigmentation)
13.0%
3/23 • 12 weeks
Ear and labyrinth disorders
Tinnitus
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Nasal congestion/Rhinorrhea/Allergic rhinitis
13.0%
3/23 • 12 weeks
Vascular disorders
Hot flashes
8.7%
2/23 • 12 weeks
Psychiatric disorders
Anxiety
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Pain (back/extremity/bone)
26.1%
6/23 • 12 weeks
General disorders
Fatigue/weakness/dizziness/fall
26.1%
6/23 • 12 weeks
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Sleep apnea
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Nervous system disorders
Headache
13.0%
3/23 • 12 weeks

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Plant-based Meals
n=23 participants at risk
Patients who will be administered a whole-foods plant-based diet for 12 weeks with nutrition counselling for 24 weeks.Participants will be asked to complete a survey via MSK Engage and a notification will be sent via email notification. Plant based meals: For 12 weeks, patients will receive two premade meals per day, for lunch and dinner, prepared and shipped weekly by U.S.-based WFPBD company Plantable. The meals will have a low glycemic index and contain vegetables, whole grains, and plant-based fats that have undergone minimal processing. Instructions will be provided for food storage and reheating. Detailed recommendations for snacks and breakfasts meeting the standard of a WFPBD will also be given to supplement their daily calorie needs with access to an online portal from Plantable which contains education materials and access to a coach daily for 24 weeks.
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Febrile Neutropenia
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Renal and urinary disorders
Acute kidney injury
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Constipation
8.7%
2/23 • 12 weeks
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Pain in extremity
26.1%
6/23 • 12 weeks
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Hypomagnesemia
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
General disorders
Fatigue
13.0%
3/23 • 12 weeks
Nervous system disorders
Headache
8.7%
2/23 • 12 weeks
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Sinus pain
8.7%
2/23 • 12 weeks
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Cough
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Dry skin
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Infections and infestations
Thrush
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Infections and infestations
Shingles
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Infections and infestations
UTI
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Nasal congestion
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Nervous system disorders
Dysgeusia
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Ear and labyrinth disorders
Tinnitus
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Vascular disorders
Hot flashes
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
Polyps
8.7%
2/23 • 12 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Infections and infestations
Herpes simplex reactivation
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Rash acneiform
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Indigestion
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks
Infections and infestations
Tooth infection
4.3%
1/23 • 12 weeks

Additional Information

Dr. Urvi Shah, MD, MS

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

Phone: 646-608-3713

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place