Trial Outcomes & Findings for Graphic Messages to Prevent E-Cigarette Use Among Black and Latino Adolescents (NCT NCT04899999)

Results Overview

Susceptibility to future vaping was assessed before and after exposure to the graphic messages. Informed by prior foundational research on youth electronic cigarette use, susceptibility was measured with three items assessing curiosity, intent, and social influence. Participants were asked, "Have you ever been curious about using e-cigarettes/vaping?", "Do you think that you will use e-cigarettes/vape in the next 12 months?", and "If one of your best friends were to offer you an e-cigarette/electronic vapor product, would you use it?" (1 = "Definitely not" to 4 = "Definitely yes"). Responses were dichotomized: participants were categorized as susceptible if they answered anything other than "Definitely not" to at least one item. The percentage of susceptible participants was calculated before and after exposure; change in percentage reflects the difference.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

362 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

baseline to post-intervention, approximately 1 day

Results posted on

2025-08-01

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure	Financial Reward Graphic Message Financial reward graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Vaping leads to nothing. Don't let your money vaporize away.	Health Reward Graphic Message Health reward graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Dying for a vape? It hurts more than you know.	Self-efficacy Graphic Message Self-efficacy graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Vaping companies are targeting Black and Latino teens. Your life matters. Don't let them take it away.	Social Norms Graphic Message Social norms graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Just because vaping is common, doesn't mean it's cool. Stay woke. Don't smoke.
Overall Study STARTED	93	88	92	89
Overall Study COMPLETED	93	88	92	89
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0	0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

1 person in each of the financial rewards, self-efficacy and social norms arms reported as transgender.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure	Financial Reward Graphic Message n=93 Participants Financial reward graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Vaping leads to nothing. Don't let your money vaporize away.	Health Reward Graphic Message n=88 Participants Health reward graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Dying for a vape? It hurts more than you know.	Self-efficacy Graphic Message n=92 Participants Self-efficacy graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Vaping companies are targeting Black and Latino teens. Your life matters. Don't let them take it away.	Social Norms Graphic Message n=89 Participants Social norms graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Just because vaping is common, doesn't mean it's cool. Stay woke. Don't smoke.	Total n=362 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous	15.04 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.61 • n=93 Participants	15.06 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.35 • n=88 Participants	15.00 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.46 • n=92 Participants	14.89 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.52 • n=89 Participants	15.00 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.49 • n=362 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	38 Participants n=92 Participants • 1 person in each of the financial rewards, self-efficacy and social norms arms reported as transgender.	34 Participants n=88 Participants • 1 person in each of the financial rewards, self-efficacy and social norms arms reported as transgender.	26 Participants n=91 Participants • 1 person in each of the financial rewards, self-efficacy and social norms arms reported as transgender.	26 Participants n=88 Participants • 1 person in each of the financial rewards, self-efficacy and social norms arms reported as transgender.	124 Participants n=359 Participants • 1 person in each of the financial rewards, self-efficacy and social norms arms reported as transgender.
Sex: Female, Male Male	54 Participants n=92 Participants • 1 person in each of the financial rewards, self-efficacy and social norms arms reported as transgender.	54 Participants n=88 Participants • 1 person in each of the financial rewards, self-efficacy and social norms arms reported as transgender.	65 Participants n=91 Participants • 1 person in each of the financial rewards, self-efficacy and social norms arms reported as transgender.	62 Participants n=88 Participants • 1 person in each of the financial rewards, self-efficacy and social norms arms reported as transgender.	235 Participants n=359 Participants • 1 person in each of the financial rewards, self-efficacy and social norms arms reported as transgender.
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Hispanic/Latino	45 Participants n=93 Participants	46 Participants n=88 Participants	46 Participants n=92 Participants	44 Participants n=89 Participants	181 Participants n=362 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Black/African American	48 Participants n=93 Participants	42 Participants n=88 Participants	46 Participants n=92 Participants	45 Participants n=89 Participants	181 Participants n=362 Participants
Region of Enrollment United States	89 participants n=93 Participants	81 participants n=88 Participants	86 participants n=92 Participants	88 participants n=89 Participants	344 participants n=362 Participants
Region of Enrollment Puerto Rico	4 participants n=93 Participants	7 participants n=88 Participants	6 participants n=92 Participants	1 participants n=89 Participants	18 participants n=362 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline to post-intervention, approximately 1 day

Susceptibility to future vaping was assessed before and after exposure to the graphic messages. Informed by prior foundational research on youth electronic cigarette use, susceptibility was measured with three items assessing curiosity, intent, and social influence. Participants were asked, "Have you ever been curious about using e-cigarettes/vaping?", "Do you think that you will use e-cigarettes/vape in the next 12 months?", and "If one of your best friends were to offer you an e-cigarette/electronic vapor product, would you use it?" (1 = "Definitely not" to 4 = "Definitely yes"). Responses were dichotomized: participants were categorized as susceptible if they answered anything other than "Definitely not" to at least one item. The percentage of susceptible participants was calculated before and after exposure; change in percentage reflects the difference.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Financial Reward Graphic Message n=93 Participants Financial reward graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Vaping leads to nothing. Don't let your money vaporize away.	Health Reward Graphic Message n=88 Participants Health reward graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Dying for a vape? It hurts more than you know.	Self-efficacy Graphic Message n=92 Participants Self-efficacy graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Vaping companies are targeting Black and Latino teens. Your life matters. Don't let them take it away.	Social Norms Graphic Message n=89 Participants Social norms graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Just because vaping is common, doesn't mean it's cool. Stay woke. Don't smoke.
Change in Percentage of Participants Susceptible to Future Vaping	1.1 percentage of participants	-5.7 percentage of participants	-2.3 percentage of participants	-3.2 percentage of participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 1

Satisfaction with the assigned vaping prevention graphic message was assessed using the item: "How satisfied are you with the image?" Responses were recorded on a 5-point Likert scale from 1 = "Extremely unsatisfied" to 5 = "Extremely satisfied." Participants selecting 5 ("Extremely satisfied") were categorized as satisfied. The percentage of satisfied participants was calculated per group. Higher percentages indicate greater satisfaction with the message.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Financial Reward Graphic Message n=93 Participants Financial reward graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Vaping leads to nothing. Don't let your money vaporize away.	Health Reward Graphic Message n=88 Participants Health reward graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Dying for a vape? It hurts more than you know.	Self-efficacy Graphic Message n=92 Participants Self-efficacy graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Vaping companies are targeting Black and Latino teens. Your life matters. Don't let them take it away.	Social Norms Graphic Message n=89 Participants Social norms graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Just because vaping is common, doesn't mean it's cool. Stay woke. Don't smoke.
Percentage of Participants Satisfied or Very Satisfied With the Graphic Message	68.8 percentage of participants	69.3 percentage of participants	34.7 percentage of participants	56.1 percentage of participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 1

participants were asked, "Would you recommend this picture to a friend?" with response options of Yes or No. The percentage of participants who responded "Yes" was calculated per group. Higher percentages indicate greater endorsement of the message.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Financial Reward Graphic Message n=93 Participants Financial reward graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Vaping leads to nothing. Don't let your money vaporize away.	Health Reward Graphic Message n=88 Participants Health reward graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Dying for a vape? It hurts more than you know.	Self-efficacy Graphic Message n=92 Participants Self-efficacy graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Vaping companies are targeting Black and Latino teens. Your life matters. Don't let them take it away.	Social Norms Graphic Message n=89 Participants Social norms graphic message: Graphic image will be shared with the participants online once in either English or Spanish depending on their language of preference. Image includes the following text: Just because vaping is common, doesn't mean it's cool. Stay woke. Don't smoke.
Percent of Participants Who Would Recommend the Graphic Message to a Friend	90.3 percentage of participants	94.3 percentage of participants	70.6 percentage of participants	80.8 percentage of participants

Adverse Events

Financial Reward Graphic Message

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Health Reward Graphic Message

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Self-efficacy Graphic Message

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Social Norms Graphic Message

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Dr. Francisco Cartujano Barrera, M.D

University of Rochester

Phone: (585) 273-1646

Email: [email protected]

Results disclosure agreements

Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
Publication restrictions are in place