Trial Outcomes & Findings for CoQuit Study for Smoking Cessation (NCT NCT04893460)

Last Updated: 2025-09-04

Results Overview

Participants were asked to give a "gut-level response" to 14 words used to describe various attributes of cognitive dissonance (e.g., uncomfortable, shame). Response options for each attribute were on a 7-point scale (1 = does not apply at all, 7 = applies very much). A mean score was computed across all 14 words. A higher score was associated with greater levels of cognitive dissonance. In addition to the baseline and six-week follow-up assessment of cognitive dissonance, participants were asked five times during the 25 days of using the app. The five times were after completing the "Costs" activity on day 3, the "Quit Letter" activity on day 6, the "Planning for Pitfalls" activity on day 10, the "Staying Smoke Free" activity on day 14, and the "Letter to Youth" activity on day 19.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

Target enrollment

72 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline, 5 times during app use (days 3, 6, 10, 14 and 19 of the 25 day program), Six weeks post baseline

Results posted on

2025-09-04

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure	Intervention All participants will use the CoQuit App for Smoking Cessation CoQuit App: The CoQuit App is a cognitive dissonance based app for smoking cessation.
Overall Study STARTED	72
Overall Study COMPLETED	54
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	18

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure	Intervention All participants will use the CoQuit App for Smoking Cessation CoQuit App: The CoQuit App is a cognitive dissonance based app for smoking cessation.
Overall Study Lost to Follow-up	18

Baseline Characteristics

CoQuit Study for Smoking Cessation

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure	Intervention n=72 Participants All participants will use the CoQuit App for Smoking Cessation CoQuit App: The CoQuit App is a cognitive dissonance based app for smoking cessation.
Age, Continuous	48.4 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.0 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	55 Participants n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	17 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native	3 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Asian	1 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	0 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American	1 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) White	59 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race	1 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	7 Participants n=5 Participants
Education Level Did not graduate high school	2 Participants n=5 Participants
Education Level High school graduate	10 Participants n=5 Participants
Education Level Some college, no degree	26 Participants n=5 Participants
Education Level Technical school or Associate degree	16 Participants n=5 Participants
Education Level Bachelor degree	11 Participants n=5 Participants
Education Level Master degree	6 Participants n=5 Participants
Education Level Doctorate degree	1 Participants n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 5 times during app use (days 3, 6, 10, 14 and 19 of the 25 day program), Six weeks post baseline

Population: Due to conceptual concerns about imputing smoking status, decreases in smoking from pretest to posttest were evaluated with participants who completed both the pretest and posttest assessment

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Intervention n=54 Participants All participants will use the CoQuit App for Smoking Cessation CoQuit App: The CoQuit App is a cognitive dissonance based app for smoking cessation.
Cognitive Dissonance Baseline	2.23 units on a scale Standard Deviation 1.23
Cognitive Dissonance In app 1 - After Costs Activity	3.32 units on a scale Standard Deviation 1.43
Cognitive Dissonance In app 2 - After Quit Letter Activity	4.33 units on a scale Standard Deviation 1.48
Cognitive Dissonance In app 3 - After Pitfalls Activity	3.67 units on a scale Standard Deviation 1.76
Cognitive Dissonance In app 4 - After Smoke Free Activity	3.14 units on a scale Standard Deviation 1.83
Cognitive Dissonance In app 5 - After Letter to Youth Activity	3.69 units on a scale Standard Deviation 1.89
Cognitive Dissonance 6 Weeks Post Baseline	2.48 units on a scale Standard Deviation 1.34

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and Six Weeks Post Baseline

Population: Due to conceptual concerns about imputing smoking status, decreases in smoking from pretest to posttest was evaluated with participants who completed both the pretest and posttest number of cigarettes smoked item.

A one-item question that asked about the number of cigarettes smoked per day. Response options were on a 6-point scale, where 1 = 5 or less, 2 = 6-10, 3 = 11-15, 4 = 16-20, 5 = 21-30, and 6 = 31 or more. A higher score indicates a greater number of cigarettes smoked per day.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Intervention n=46 Participants All participants will use the CoQuit App for Smoking Cessation CoQuit App: The CoQuit App is a cognitive dissonance based app for smoking cessation.
Number of Participants With Number Cigarettes Smoked Per Day 6 Weeks Post Baseline · 31 or more	0 Participants
Number of Participants With Number Cigarettes Smoked Per Day Baseline · 5 or less	0 Participants
Number of Participants With Number Cigarettes Smoked Per Day Baseline · 6-10	12 Participants
Number of Participants With Number Cigarettes Smoked Per Day Baseline · 11-15	13 Participants
Number of Participants With Number Cigarettes Smoked Per Day Baseline · 16-20	10 Participants
Number of Participants With Number Cigarettes Smoked Per Day Baseline · 21-30	11 Participants
Number of Participants With Number Cigarettes Smoked Per Day Baseline · 31 or more	0 Participants
Number of Participants With Number Cigarettes Smoked Per Day 6 Weeks Post Baseline · 5 or less	13 Participants
Number of Participants With Number Cigarettes Smoked Per Day 6 Weeks Post Baseline · 6-10	16 Participants
Number of Participants With Number Cigarettes Smoked Per Day 6 Weeks Post Baseline · 11-15	5 Participants
Number of Participants With Number Cigarettes Smoked Per Day 6 Weeks Post Baseline · 16-20	9 Participants
Number of Participants With Number Cigarettes Smoked Per Day 6 Weeks Post Baseline · 21-30	3 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 5 times during app use (days 3, 6, 10, 14 and 19 of the 25 day program), Six weeks post baseline

Population: Due to conceptual concerns about imputing smoking data, readiness to quit from was evaluated with participants who completed both the pretest and posttest readiness items.

Participants were asked to rate what best describes how they currently think about quitting smoking. The one item had a 1-point scale (0 = I have no thought about quitting smoking, 2 = I think I need to consider quitting smoking someday, 5 = I think I should quit smoking, but I am not quite ready, 8 = I am starting to think about how to reduce the number of cigarettes I smoke a day, 10 = I am taking action to quit smoking, 11 = I have stopped smoking). A higher score was associated with greater readiness to quit smoking. In addition to the baseline and six-week follow-up assessment of readiness to quit, participants were asked five times during the 25 days of using the app. The five times were after completing the "Costs" activity on day 3, the "Quit Letter" activity on day 6, the "Planning for Pitfalls" activity on day 10, the "Staying Smoke Free" activity on day 14, and the "Letter to Youth" activity on day 19.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Intervention n=46 Participants All participants will use the CoQuit App for Smoking Cessation CoQuit App: The CoQuit App is a cognitive dissonance based app for smoking cessation.
Readiness to Quit Baseline	7.52 units on a scale Standard Deviation 1.63
Readiness to Quit In app 1 - After Costs Activity	7.64 units on a scale Standard Deviation 2.20
Readiness to Quit In app 2 - After Quit Latter Activity	8.24 units on a scale Standard Deviation 1.81
Readiness to Quit In app 3 - After Pitfalls Activity	8.81 units on a scale Standard Deviation 1.54
Readiness to Quit In app 4 - After Smoke Free Activity	8.50 units on a scale Standard Deviation 1.86
Readiness to Quit In app 5 - After Letter to Youth Activity	8.93 units on a scale Standard Deviation 1.75
Readiness to Quit 6 week Post Baseline	7.50 units on a scale Standard Deviation 2.08

Adverse Events

Intervention

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Dr. Dana Smith

Oregon Research Behavioral Intervention Strategies Inc.

Phone: 541-484-2123

Email: [email protected]

Results disclosure agreements

Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
Publication restrictions are in place