Trial Outcomes & Findings for Does a Different Local Anesthetic Improve Pain After Carpal Tunnel Release? (NCT NCT04833777)
NCT ID: NCT04833777
Last Updated: 2025-02-10
Results Overview
Number of Tylenol and Ibuprofen tablets taken post-operatively within the first 24 hours. This was not measured on a scale. Patients were asked to count the total number of Tylenol (500mg) and Ibuprofen (200mg) tablets they consumed within the first 72 hours after surgery.
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
140 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
72 hours
Results posted on
2025-02-10
Participant Flow
Unit of analysis: Wrist
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Lidocaine
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
68 68
|
72 72
|
|
Overall Study
Data Analysis
|
67 67
|
72 72
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
67 67
|
72 72
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
1 1
|
0 0
|
Reasons for withdrawal
| Measure |
Lidocaine
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
|
1
|
0
|
Baseline Characteristics
Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Lidocaine
n=67 Participants
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine
n=72 Participants
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Total
n=139 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
58.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.9 • n=67 Participants
|
63 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.6 • n=72 Participants
|
60 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 16 • n=139 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Female
|
27 Participants
n=67 Participants
|
35 Participants
n=72 Participants
|
62 Participants
n=139 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Male
|
40 Participants
n=67 Participants
|
37 Participants
n=72 Participants
|
77 Participants
n=139 Participants
|
|
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected
|
—
|
—
|
0 Participants
Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
|
|
Region of Enrollment
Canada
|
67 participants
n=67 Participants
|
72 participants
n=72 Participants
|
139 participants
n=139 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 2 hours post-opSeverity of pain as measured by the Visual Analogue Scale. This tool asks patients to rate their post-operative pain level from 0 to 10. 0 represents no pain, while 10 represents the worst possible pain.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Bupivacaine
n=72 Wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine
n=67 Wrists
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Post-operative Pain
|
0.92 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.61
|
1.16 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.83
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 4 hours post-opSeverity of pain as measured by the Visual Analogue Scale. This tool asks patients to rate their post-operative pain level from 0 to 10. 0 represents no pain, while 10 represents the worst possible pain.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Bupivacaine
n=72 Wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine
n=67 Wrists
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Post-operative Pain
|
1.54 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.98
|
2.16 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.23
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 6 hours post-opSeverity of pain as measured by the Visual Analogue Scale. This tool asks patients to rate their post-operative pain level from 0 to 10. 0 represents no pain, while 10 represents the worst possible pain.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Bupivacaine
n=72 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine
n=67 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Post-operative Pain
|
2.29 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.35
|
3.19 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.29
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 8 hours post-opSeverity of pain as measured by the Visual Analogue Scale. This tool asks patients to rate their post-operative pain level from 0 to 10. 0 represents no pain, while 10 represents the worst possible pain.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Bupivacaine
n=72 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine
n=67 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Post-operative Pain
|
2.92 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.30
|
3.87 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.24
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 10 hours post-opSeverity of pain as measured by the Visual Analogue Scale. This tool asks patients to rate their post-operative pain level from 0 to 10. 0 represents no pain, while 10 represents the worst possible pain.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Bupivacaine
n=72 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine
n=67 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Post-operative Pain
|
3.38 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.42
|
3.81 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.32
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 24 hours post-opSeverity of pain as measured by the Visual Analogue Scale. This tool asks patients to rate their post-operative pain level from 0 to 10. 0 represents no pain, while 10 represents the worst possible pain.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Bupivacaine
n=72 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine
n=67 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Post-operative Pain
|
3.38 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.35
|
3.22 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.22
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 24 hoursNumber of Tylenol and Ibuprofen tablets taken post-operatively within the first 24 hours. This was not measured on a scale. Patients were asked to count the total number of Tylenol (500mg) and Ibuprofen (200mg) tablets they consumed within the first 24 hours after surgery.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Bupivacaine
n=72 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine
n=67 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Post-operative Analgesia Requirements
|
7.31 number of tablets
Standard Deviation 4.57
|
7.45 number of tablets
Standard Deviation 4.70
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 72 hoursNumber of Tylenol and Ibuprofen tablets taken post-operatively within the first 24 hours. This was not measured on a scale. Patients were asked to count the total number of Tylenol (500mg) and Ibuprofen (200mg) tablets they consumed within the first 72 hours after surgery.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Bupivacaine
n=72 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine
n=67 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Post-operative Analgesia Requirements
|
13 number of tablets
Standard Deviation 8.9
|
14.5 number of tablets
Standard Deviation 11.8
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 2 hours post-opPresence of post-operative numbness in any finger (thumb, index, middle, ring, or little finger). Patients answer "yes" or "no" to numbness.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Bupivacaine
n=72 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine
n=67 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Post-operative Numbness
|
58 wrists
|
55 wrists
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 4 hours post-opPresence of post-operative numbness in any finger (thumb, index, middle, ring, or little finger). Patients answer "yes" or "no" to numbness.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Bupivacaine
n=72 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine
n=67 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Post-operative Numbness
|
64 wrists
|
55 wrists
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 6 hours post-opPresence of post-operative numbness in any finger (thumb, index, middle, ring, or little finger). Patients answer "yes" or "no" to numbness.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Bupivacaine
n=72 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine
n=67 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Post-operative Numbness
|
63 wrists
|
43 wrists
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 8 hours post-opPresence of post-operative numbness in any finger (thumb, index, middle, ring, or little finger). Patients answer "yes" or "no" to numbness.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Bupivacaine
n=72 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine
n=67 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Post-operative Numbness
|
59 wrists
|
31 wrists
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 10 hours post-opPresence of post-operative numbness in any finger (thumb, index, middle, ring, or little finger). Patients answer "yes" or "no" to numbness.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Bupivacaine
n=72 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine
n=67 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Post-operative Numbness
|
51 wrists
|
21 wrists
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 24 hours post-opPresence of post-operative numbness in any finger (thumb, index, middle, ring, or little finger). Patients answer "yes" or "no" to numbness.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Bupivacaine
n=72 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine
n=67 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Post-operative Numbness
|
33 wrists
|
17 wrists
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: pre-operative/baseline (immediately before surgery), 3 months after surgeryCarpal tunnel symptoms at 3 months post-op, measured by the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire. The BCTQ is a self- administered questionnaire consisting of two domains: a symptom severity scale (SSS) and a functional status scale (FSS). Each item on the questionnaire is scored on a 5-point rating scale, with higher scores indicating greater disability. The symptom severity scale ranges from 11 to 55, and the functional status scale ranges from 8 to 40, with higher scores indicating greater disability.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Bupivacaine
n=67 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine
n=67 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ SSS
n=72 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ FSS
n=72 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
n=67 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
n=67 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
n=72 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
n=72 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Symptom Change at 3 Months
|
19.6 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.4
|
33.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.1
|
34.5 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.1
|
20.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.4
|
15.3 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.9
|
10.5 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.8
|
15 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.7
|
10.8 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.7
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 48 hours post-opPresence of post-operative numbness in any finger (thumb, index, middle, ring, or little finger). Patients answer "yes" or "no" to numbness.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Bupivacaine
n=72 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine
n=67 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Post-operative Numbness
|
26 wrists
|
13 wrists
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 72 hours post-opPresence of post-operative numbness in any finger (thumb, index, middle, ring, or little finger). Patients answer "yes" or "no" to numbness.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Bupivacaine
n=72 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine
n=67 wrists
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-baseline BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Lidocaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (lidocaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Lidocaine: 10 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ SSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
Bupivacaine-3 Months Post-op BCTQ FSS
Administration of subcutaneous bupivacaine + lidocaine as local anesthetic prior to carpal tunnel release (bupivacaine intervention)
Local Anesthetics Bupivacaine: 5 mL 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine + 5 mL 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 1 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Post-operative Numbness
|
24 wrists
|
10 wrists
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
Adverse Events
Lidocaine
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Bupivacaine
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place