Trial Outcomes & Findings for We-PAP: A Couples-based Intervention for Sleep Apnea (NCT NCT04759157)

NCT ID: NCT04759157

Last Updated: 2024-12-10

Results Overview

Defined as the ability to achieve the recruitment goals of the study, to recruit approximately 3-4 couples per month over the study period (12 months)

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

84 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

study duration

Results posted on

2024-12-10

Participant Flow

Participants were recruited from June 2021 to October 2023 from the University of Utah Sleep Wake Center among patients who were undergoing sleep apnea testing (polysomnography and home sleep testing) for suspected sleep apnea. 84 participants were consented and 74 continued to baseline assessment. A total of 10 individuals (5 couples) did not complete baseline for the following reason: 4 couples became ineligible (did not start PAP, started oxygen), 1 couple did not complete baseline.

Participants were recruited if they were planning to begin PAP treatment for obstructive sleep apnea.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Couples-based Treatment- Patient
Participants will attend 3, sessions (75, 50, 50 min) over video with a study therapist to discuss education about OSA and CPAP, strategies adjust to CPAP as a couple and techniques to improve sleep health. Couples-based treatment: Couples will attend 3, video based sessions for couples-based treatment
Couples Based Treatment- Partner
Participants will attend 3, sessions (75, 50, 50 min) over video with a study therapist to discuss education about OSA and CPAP, strategies adjust to CPAP as a couple and techniques to improve sleep health. Couples-based treatment: Couples will attend 3, video based sessions for couples-based treatment
Information Control- Patient
Treatment as usual plus standardized educational materials
Information Control- Partner
Treatment as usual plus standardized educational materials
Overall Study
STARTED
20
20
17
17
Overall Study
COMPLETED
20
20
17
17
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
0
0
0
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Data from 5 couples were removed from the analyses for the following reasons: Machine taken away before 3 months (n=2), random responding (n=1), cognitive impairment (n=1)

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Couples-based Treatment- Patient
n=20 Participants
Participants will attend 3, sessions (75, 50, 50 min) over video with a study therapist to discuss education about OSA and CPAP, strategies adjust to CPAP as a couple and techniques to improve sleep health. Couples-based treatment: Couples will attend 3, video based sessions for couples-based treatment
Couples-based Treatment- Partner
n=20 Participants
Participants will attend 3, sessions (75, 50, 50 min) over video with a study therapist to discuss education about OSA and CPAP, strategies adjust to CPAP as a couple and techniques to improve sleep health. Couples-based treatment: Couples will attend 3, video based sessions for couples-based treatment
Standard Information Control- Patient
n=17 Participants
Participants will receive treatment as usual and also standardized information about OSA and CPAP. Standardized education: Patients will receive standardized educational materials
Standard Information Control- Partner
n=17 Participants
Participants will receive treatment as usual and also standardized information about OSA and CPAP. Standardized education: Patients will receive standardized educational materials
Total
n=74 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=21 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
13 Participants
n=5 Participants
7 Participants
n=7 Participants
9 Participants
n=5 Participants
10 Participants
n=4 Participants
39 Participants
n=21 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
7 Participants
n=5 Participants
13 Participants
n=7 Participants
8 Participants
n=5 Participants
7 Participants
n=4 Participants
35 Participants
n=21 Participants
Age, Continuous
62.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.4 • n=5 Participants • Data from 5 couples were removed from the analyses for the following reasons: Machine taken away before 3 months (n=2), random responding (n=1), cognitive impairment (n=1)
59.9 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.7 • n=7 Participants • Data from 5 couples were removed from the analyses for the following reasons: Machine taken away before 3 months (n=2), random responding (n=1), cognitive impairment (n=1)
66.1 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.8 • n=5 Participants • Data from 5 couples were removed from the analyses for the following reasons: Machine taken away before 3 months (n=2), random responding (n=1), cognitive impairment (n=1)
64.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.6 • n=4 Participants • Data from 5 couples were removed from the analyses for the following reasons: Machine taken away before 3 months (n=2), random responding (n=1), cognitive impairment (n=1)
63.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.8 • n=21 Participants • Data from 5 couples were removed from the analyses for the following reasons: Machine taken away before 3 months (n=2), random responding (n=1), cognitive impairment (n=1)
Sex: Female, Male
Female
9 Participants
n=5 Participants • Data from 5 couples were removed from the analyses for the following reasons: Machine taken away before 3 months (n=2), random responding (n=1), cognitive impairment (n=1)
11 Participants
n=7 Participants • Data from 5 couples were removed from the analyses for the following reasons: Machine taken away before 3 months (n=2), random responding (n=1), cognitive impairment (n=1)
8 Participants
n=5 Participants • Data from 5 couples were removed from the analyses for the following reasons: Machine taken away before 3 months (n=2), random responding (n=1), cognitive impairment (n=1)
9 Participants
n=4 Participants • Data from 5 couples were removed from the analyses for the following reasons: Machine taken away before 3 months (n=2), random responding (n=1), cognitive impairment (n=1)
37 Participants
n=21 Participants • Data from 5 couples were removed from the analyses for the following reasons: Machine taken away before 3 months (n=2), random responding (n=1), cognitive impairment (n=1)
Sex: Female, Male
Male
11 Participants
n=5 Participants • Data from 5 couples were removed from the analyses for the following reasons: Machine taken away before 3 months (n=2), random responding (n=1), cognitive impairment (n=1)
9 Participants
n=7 Participants • Data from 5 couples were removed from the analyses for the following reasons: Machine taken away before 3 months (n=2), random responding (n=1), cognitive impairment (n=1)
9 Participants
n=5 Participants • Data from 5 couples were removed from the analyses for the following reasons: Machine taken away before 3 months (n=2), random responding (n=1), cognitive impairment (n=1)
8 Participants
n=4 Participants • Data from 5 couples were removed from the analyses for the following reasons: Machine taken away before 3 months (n=2), random responding (n=1), cognitive impairment (n=1)
37 Participants
n=21 Participants • Data from 5 couples were removed from the analyses for the following reasons: Machine taken away before 3 months (n=2), random responding (n=1), cognitive impairment (n=1)
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
3 Participants
n=21 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
18 Participants
n=5 Participants
16 Participants
n=7 Participants
16 Participants
n=5 Participants
15 Participants
n=4 Participants
65 Participants
n=21 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
3 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=4 Participants
6 Participants
n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=4 Participants
3 Participants
n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
18 Participants
n=5 Participants
18 Participants
n=7 Participants
16 Participants
n=5 Participants
13 Participants
n=4 Participants
65 Participants
n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
4 Participants
n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=4 Participants
2 Participants
n=21 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
20 participants
n=5 Participants
20 participants
n=7 Participants
17 participants
n=5 Participants
17 participants
n=4 Participants
74 participants
n=21 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: study duration

Defined as the ability to achieve the recruitment goals of the study, to recruit approximately 3-4 couples per month over the study period (12 months)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Patients
n=42 Participants
Patients recently diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (pre-randomization)
Partners
n=42 Participants
Partners of patients recently diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), pre-randomization
Standard Information Control- Patient
Information plus one follow-up phone call
Standard Information Control- Partner
Information plus one follow-up phone call
Recruitment Feasibility
42 Participants
42 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 months

Population: Patients who had their PAP machine removed were given a zero at 3 months (n=2 patients)

The primary efficacy measure for this pilot trial was the percentage of days that patients used CPAP for 4 hours or more over the first 3 months. This 4 hour cutoff was selected becasue it is the minimum usage defined by Medicare and other insurance companies. We obtained patients' CPAP usage by downloading data from their machine using a remote dashboard. Data are only available for patients because partners were not using the treatment. This variable is defined as a proportion, calculated as the number of days with CPAP usage of 4 hours or more divided by the total number of days collected in the 3 month recording period. Scores can range from 0 (no days with use to 1, indicating all days with use of 4 hours or more).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Patients
n=20 Participants
Patients recently diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (pre-randomization)
Partners
n=17 Participants
Partners of patients recently diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), pre-randomization
Standard Information Control- Patient
Information plus one follow-up phone call
Standard Information Control- Partner
Information plus one follow-up phone call
Percentage of Days With PAP Use of 4 Hours or More
.73 proportion of nights with CPAP >=4h
Standard Deviation .08
.72 proportion of nights with CPAP >=4h
Standard Deviation .07

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 months

Population: Baseline PROMIS sleep quality data are missing for this variable for one couple in the intervention group and one couple in the control group

Patient sleep quality on the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) sleep disturbance scale, 8 item, version 8b. Models evaluated change from baseline to 3 months. Raw are converted to t-scores, with a range of 28.9-76.5, a mean of 50 and a SD of 10. Higher scores indicate poorer sleep subjective quality.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Patients
n=20 Participants
Patients recently diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (pre-randomization)
Partners
n=20 Participants
Partners of patients recently diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), pre-randomization
Standard Information Control- Patient
n=17 Participants
Information plus one follow-up phone call
Standard Information Control- Partner
n=17 Participants
Information plus one follow-up phone call
Self-reported Sleep Disturbance
Baseline
55.3 t-score
Standard Deviation 6.8
50.6 t-score
Standard Deviation 5.7
56.7 t-score
Standard Deviation 7.8
48.6 t-score
Standard Deviation 6.4
Self-reported Sleep Disturbance
3 months
49.6 t-score
Standard Deviation 5.9
48.3 t-score
Standard Deviation 6.3
51 t-score
Standard Deviation 6.1
48.7 t-score
Standard Deviation 6.9

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: intervention period, 1 month

Population: 100% of participants completed the planned intervention for their assigned group.

Percentage of participants who completed the intervention sessions: 3 sessions for the couples-based treatment group and 1 handout and phone call for the information control group

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Patients
n=20 Participants
Patients recently diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (pre-randomization)
Partners
n=20 Participants
Partners of patients recently diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), pre-randomization
Standard Information Control- Patient
n=17 Participants
Information plus one follow-up phone call
Standard Information Control- Partner
n=17 Participants
Information plus one follow-up phone call
Intervention Completion
20 Participants
20 Participants
17 Participants
17 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: 3 months

Population: We acheived 100% retention, with all participants completing the 3 month follow-up assessment.

We defined retention as the number of participants completing the 3 month follow-up. Our goal was to acheive at least 85% retention.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Patients
n=20 Participants
Patients recently diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (pre-randomization)
Partners
n=20 Participants
Partners of patients recently diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), pre-randomization
Standard Information Control- Patient
n=17 Participants
Information plus one follow-up phone call
Standard Information Control- Partner
n=17 Participants
Information plus one follow-up phone call
Retention
20 Participants
20 Participants
17 Participants
17 Participants

Adverse Events

Couples-based Treatment- Patient

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Couples-based Treatment- Partner

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Standard Information Control- Patient

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Standard Information Control- Partner

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Dr. Kelly Baron

University of Utah

Phone: 801-585-7588

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place