HIGH Altitude CArdiovascular REsearch Latin America Population Study

NCT ID: NCT04751292

Last Updated: 2024-03-01

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

937 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2021-01-26

Study Completion Date

2023-12-30

Brief Summary

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High blood pressure (BP) is one of the principal cardiovascular risk factors. While BP levels and hypertension prevalence are well characterized in many populations, information on BP and on cardiovascular risk profile in high altitude inhabitants is limited and frequently contradictory, especially in the large highland populations of South America. The information on the effects of permanent high altitude exposure on cardiovascular variables including BP may be relevant in the light of the known BP-increasing effect of acute exposure to high altitude hypoxia. This information may have practical implications for millions of people living at elevated altitudes in Asia, South America and Africa.

The inconclusive epidemiological evidence on BP and cardiovascular risk in high altitude dwellers may be the result of several factors, among them: 1) confounding by genetic and socio-economic factors; 2) imperfect methods of BP evaluation, in particular lack of data on ambulatory and home BP (both methods considered superior to conventional clinic BP in the assessment of exposure to high BP).

On this background, the general aim of the study is to compare blood pressure levels and cardiovascular risk profile among population-based samples of subjects residing in Peruvian communities living at different altitudes.

Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Hypertension Cardiovascular Risk Factor Altitude Hypoxia Altitude Sickness Erythrocytosis Sleep

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

ECOLOGIC_OR_COMMUNITY

Study Time Perspective

CROSS_SECTIONAL

Study Groups

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Lowlanders

People living at low (\<1500 m) altitude

No interventions assigned to this group

Highlanders

People living at high (\>2500 m) altitude

Exposure to high altitude

Intervention Type OTHER

permanence at high (\>2500 m) altitude; permanence is defined as being born and living at high altitude with the total time spent at lower altitudes not exceeding 2 years in the past 10 years

Interventions

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Exposure to high altitude

permanence at high (\>2500 m) altitude; permanence is defined as being born and living at high altitude with the total time spent at lower altitudes not exceeding 2 years in the past 10 years

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Adult (\>18 years) male and female subjects;
* Highlanders: permanence at high (\>2500 m) altitude;
* Lowlanders: permanence at low (\<1500 m) altitude;
* Written informed consent to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria

* Lowlanders who over 3 months preceding inclusion in the study spent considerable (\> 7 consecutive days) amount of time at altitudes above 1500 m;
* Highlanders who over 3 months preceding inclusion in the study spent considerable (\>7 consecutive days) amount of time at altitudes below 2500 m;
* Subjects cognitively incapable of providing informed consent or responding to a questionnaire
* Physical disability that would prevent study assessments from being performed
* Active pulmonary tuberculosis
* Pregnancy
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of Milano Bicocca

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Istituto Auxologico Italiano

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Gianfranco Parati, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Istituto Auxologico Italiano

Grzegorz Bilo, PhD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Istituto Auxologico Italiano

Francisco Villafuerte, PhD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Universidad Peruviana Cayetano Heredia

Locations

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Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia

Lima, , Peru

Site Status

Countries

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Peru

References

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Bilo G, Acone L, Anza-Ramirez C, Macarlupu JL, Soranna D, Zambon A, Vizcardo-Galindo G, Pengo MF, Villafuerte FC, Parati G; HIGHCARE-ANDES Highlanders Study Investigators. Office and Ambulatory Arterial Hypertension in Highlanders: HIGHCARE-ANDES Highlanders Study. Hypertension. 2020 Dec;76(6):1962-1970. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.16010. Epub 2020 Nov 11.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 33175629 (View on PubMed)

Torlasco C, Bilo G, Giuliano A, Soranna D, Ravaro S, Oliverio G, Faini A, Zambon A, Lombardi C, Parati G. Effects of acute exposure to moderate altitude on blood pressure and sleep breathing patterns. Int J Cardiol. 2020 Feb 15;301:173-179. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.09.034. Epub 2019 Oct 30.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 31780104 (View on PubMed)

Bilo G, Caravita S, Torlasco C, Parati G. Blood pressure at high altitude: physiology and clinical implications. Kardiol Pol. 2019 Jun 25;77(6):596-603. doi: 10.33963/KP.14832. Epub 2019 May 17.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 31099758 (View on PubMed)

Hainsworth R, Drinkhill MJ. Cardiovascular adjustments for life at high altitude. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2007 Sep 30;158(2-3):204-11. doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2007.05.006. Epub 2007 May 18.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 17597013 (View on PubMed)

Parati G, Agostoni P, Basnyat B, Bilo G, Brugger H, Coca A, Festi L, Giardini G, Lironcurti A, Luks AM, Maggiorini M, Modesti PA, Swenson ER, Williams B, Bartsch P, Torlasco C. Clinical recommendations for high altitude exposure of individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions: A joint statement by the European Society of Cardiology, the Council on Hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology, the European Society of Hypertension, the International Society of Mountain Medicine, the Italian Society of Hypertension and the Italian Society of Mountain Medicine. Eur Heart J. 2018 May 1;39(17):1546-1554. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx720.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29340578 (View on PubMed)

Duplain H, Vollenweider L, Delabays A, Nicod P, Bartsch P, Scherrer U. Augmented sympathetic activation during short-term hypoxia and high-altitude exposure in subjects susceptible to high-altitude pulmonary edema. Circulation. 1999 Apr 6;99(13):1713-8. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.99.13.1713.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 10190881 (View on PubMed)

Hansen J, Sander M. Sympathetic neural overactivity in healthy humans after prolonged exposure to hypobaric hypoxia. J Physiol. 2003 Feb 1;546(Pt 3):921-9. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2002.031765.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 12563015 (View on PubMed)

Bartsch P, Gibbs JS. Effect of altitude on the heart and the lungs. Circulation. 2007 Nov 6;116(19):2191-202. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.650796. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 17984389 (View on PubMed)

Higgins JP, Tuttle T, Higgins JA. Altitude and the heart: is going high safe for your cardiac patient? Am Heart J. 2010 Jan;159(1):25-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2009.10.028.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 20102863 (View on PubMed)

Bilo G, Caldara G, Styczkiewicz K, Revera M, Lombardi C, Giglio A, Zambon A, Corrao G, Faini A, Valentini M, Mancia G, Parati G. Effects of selective and nonselective beta-blockade on 24-h ambulatory blood pressure under hypobaric hypoxia at altitude. J Hypertens. 2011 Feb;29(2):380-7. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3283409014.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21045724 (View on PubMed)

Parati G, Bilo G, Faini A, Bilo B, Revera M, Giuliano A, Lombardi C, Caldara G, Gregorini F, Styczkiewicz K, Zambon A, Piperno A, Modesti PA, Agostoni P, Mancia G. Changes in 24 h ambulatory blood pressure and effects of angiotensin II receptor blockade during acute and prolonged high-altitude exposure: a randomized clinical trial. Eur Heart J. 2014 Nov 21;35(44):3113-22. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehu275. Epub 2014 Aug 26.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 25161182 (View on PubMed)

Bilo G, Villafuerte FC, Faini A, Anza-Ramirez C, Revera M, Giuliano A, Caravita S, Gregorini F, Lombardi C, Salvioni E, Macarlupu JL, Ossoli D, Landaveri L, Lang M, Agostoni P, Sosa JM, Mancia G, Parati G. Ambulatory blood pressure in untreated and treated hypertensive patients at high altitude: the High Altitude Cardiovascular Research-Andes study. Hypertension. 2015 Jun;65(6):1266-72. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.05003. Epub 2015 Apr 20.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 25895588 (View on PubMed)

Savla JJ, Levine BD, Sadek HA. The Effect of Hypoxia on Cardiovascular Disease: Friend or Foe? High Alt Med Biol. 2018 Jun;19(2):124-130. doi: 10.1089/ham.2018.0044.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29939783 (View on PubMed)

Aryal N, Weatherall M, Bhatta YK, Mann S. Blood Pressure and Hypertension in Adults Permanently Living at High Altitude: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. High Alt Med Biol. 2016 Sep;17(3):185-193. doi: 10.1089/ham.2015.0118. Epub 2016 Aug 30.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27575245 (View on PubMed)

Beall CM. Andean, Tibetan, and Ethiopian patterns of adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia. Integr Comp Biol. 2006 Feb;46(1):18-24. doi: 10.1093/icb/icj004. Epub 2006 Jan 6.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21672719 (View on PubMed)

Bernabe-Ortiz A, Carrillo-Larco RM, Gilman RH, Checkley W, Smeeth L, Miranda JJ; CRONICAS Cohort Study Group. Impact of urbanisation and altitude on the incidence of, and risk factors for, hypertension. Heart. 2017 Jun;103(11):827-833. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2016-310347. Epub 2017 Jan 23.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28115473 (View on PubMed)

Williams B, Mancia G, Spiering W, Agabiti Rosei E, Azizi M, Burnier M, Clement DL, Coca A, de Simone G, Dominiczak A, Kahan T, Mahfoud F, Redon J, Ruilope L, Zanchetti A, Kerins M, Kjeldsen SE, Kreutz R, Laurent S, Lip GYH, McManus R, Narkiewicz K, Ruschitzka F, Schmieder RE, Shlyakhto E, Tsioufis C, Aboyans V, Desormais I; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. Eur Heart J. 2018 Sep 1;39(33):3021-3104. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy339. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30165516 (View on PubMed)

Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, Casey DE Jr, Collins KJ, Dennison Himmelfarb C, DePalma SM, Gidding S, Jamerson KA, Jones DW, MacLaughlin EJ, Muntner P, Ovbiagele B, Smith SC Jr, Spencer CC, Stafford RS, Taler SJ, Thomas RJ, Williams KA Sr, Williamson JD, Wright JT Jr. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 May 15;71(19):e127-e248. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.11.006. Epub 2017 Nov 13. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29146535 (View on PubMed)

O'Brien E, Parati G, Stergiou G, Asmar R, Beilin L, Bilo G, Clement D, de la Sierra A, de Leeuw P, Dolan E, Fagard R, Graves J, Head GA, Imai Y, Kario K, Lurbe E, Mallion JM, Mancia G, Mengden T, Myers M, Ogedegbe G, Ohkubo T, Omboni S, Palatini P, Redon J, Ruilope LM, Shennan A, Staessen JA, vanMontfrans G, Verdecchia P, Waeber B, Wang J, Zanchetti A, Zhang Y; European Society of Hypertension Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring. European Society of Hypertension position paper on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. J Hypertens. 2013 Sep;31(9):1731-68. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e328363e964.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24029863 (View on PubMed)

Corante N, Anza-Ramirez C, Figueroa-Mujica R, Macarlupu JL, Vizcardo-Galindo G, Bilo G, Parati G, Gamboa JL, Leon-Velarde F, Villafuerte FC. Excessive Erythrocytosis and Cardiovascular Risk in Andean Highlanders. High Alt Med Biol. 2018 Sep;19(3):221-231. doi: 10.1089/ham.2017.0123. Epub 2018 May 21.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29782186 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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09A921

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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