Trial Outcomes & Findings for Developing and Evaluating Product Messaging (NCT NCT04716010)

NCT ID: NCT04716010

Last Updated: 2023-08-18

Results Overview

The number of products in a participant's shopping basket that contain red meat.

• Recruitment status: COMPLETED
• Study phase: NA
• Target enrollment: 4160 participants
• Primary outcome timeframe: At completion of ~15 minute shopping task
• Results posted on: 2023-08-18

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Measure	Control Arm Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Overall Study STARTED	1039	1040	1039	1042
Overall Study COMPLETED	887	891	874	866
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	152	149	165	176

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Measure	Control Arm n=887 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=891 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=874 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=866 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.	Total n=3518 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous	48.6 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 17.3 • n=887 Participants	49.2 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 17.7 • n=891 Participants	50.1 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.7 • n=874 Participants	47.4 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 17.2 • n=866 Participants	48.8 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 17.3 • n=3518 Participants
Sex/Gender, Customized Woman	539 Participants n=887 Participants	538 Participants n=891 Participants	530 Participants n=874 Participants	519 Participants n=866 Participants	2126 Participants n=3518 Participants
Sex/Gender, Customized Man	343 Participants n=887 Participants	348 Participants n=891 Participants	342 Participants n=874 Participants	344 Participants n=866 Participants	1377 Participants n=3518 Participants
Sex/Gender, Customized Non-binary	3 Participants n=887 Participants	5 Participants n=891 Participants	2 Participants n=874 Participants	3 Participants n=866 Participants	13 Participants n=3518 Participants
Sex/Gender, Customized Self-described	2 Participants n=887 Participants	0 Participants n=891 Participants	0 Participants n=874 Participants	0 Participants n=866 Participants	2 Participants n=3518 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Hispanic (any race)	83 Participants n=879 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	94 Participants n=886 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	85 Participants n=866 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	94 Participants n=859 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	356 Participants n=3490 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Non-Hispanic White only	643 Participants n=879 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	654 Participants n=886 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	634 Participants n=866 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	621 Participants n=859 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	2552 Participants n=3490 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Non-Hispanic Black or African American only	80 Participants n=879 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	87 Participants n=886 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	76 Participants n=866 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	89 Participants n=859 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	332 Participants n=3490 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander only	33 Participants n=879 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	29 Participants n=886 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	38 Participants n=866 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	31 Participants n=859 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	131 Participants n=3490 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Non-Hispanic other race/multiracial	40 Participants n=879 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	22 Participants n=886 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	33 Participants n=866 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	24 Participants n=859 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.	119 Participants n=3490 Participants • Reporting of race/ethnicity was optional. Race and ethnicity were collected in separate survey questions. All reported data are included.
Region of Enrollment United States	887 Participants n=887 Participants	891 Participants n=891 Participants	874 Participants n=874 Participants	866 Participants n=866 Participants	3518 Participants n=3518 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: At completion of ~15 minute shopping task

The number of products in a participant's shopping basket that contain red meat.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=887 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=891 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=874 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=866 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Count of Products That Contain Red Meat	3.5 red meat products Standard Deviation 1.7	3.2 red meat products Standard Deviation 1.8	3.1 red meat products Standard Deviation 1.6	2.7 red meat products Standard Deviation 1.6

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: At completion of ~15 minute shopping task

The percentage of products in a participant's shopping basket that contain red meat.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=887 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=891 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=874 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=866 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Percentage of Red Meat Containing Products	39.0 percentage of red meat items Standard Deviation 18.6	36.1 percentage of red meat items Standard Deviation 19.8	34.0 percentage of red meat items Standard Deviation 18.0	30.8 percentage of red meat items Standard Deviation 18.5

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: At completion of ~15 minute shopping task

Total grams of saturated fat of products in a participant's shopping basket. This will be calculated by adding together the total saturated fat from each product in the participant's shopping basket. Saturated fat for each product will come from the product's nutrition facts panel. All products in the store are real life products that have designated nutrition facts panels.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=887 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=891 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=874 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=866 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Total Saturated Fat	156.1 grams Standard Deviation 91.9	156.1 grams Standard Deviation 82.2	145.8 grams Standard Deviation 78.6	143.4 grams Standard Deviation 83.3

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: At completion of ~15 minute shopping task

Total grams of sodium of products in a participant's shopping basket. This will be calculated by adding together the total sodium from each product in the participant's shopping basket. Sodium for each product will come from the product's nutrition facts panel. All products in the store are real life products that have designated nutrition facts panels.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=887 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=891 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=874 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=866 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Total Sodium	18.5 grams Standard Deviation 11.8	18.2 grams Standard Deviation 7.0	17.9 grams Standard Deviation 9.6	18.2 grams Standard Deviation 12.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: At completion of ~15 minute shopping task

Total calories of products in a participant's shopping basket. This will be calculated by adding together the total calories from each product in the participant's shopping basket. Calories for each product will come from the product's nutrition facts panel. All products in the store are real life products that have designated nutrition facts panels.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=887 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=891 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=874 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=866 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Total Calories	9844.4 kcal Standard Deviation 3098.0	10051.6 kcal Standard Deviation 3508.1	9661.1 kcal Standard Deviation 3151.8	9532.5 kcal Standard Deviation 2843.3

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: ~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task

Population: Assessed for participants who provided response

Perceived healthfulness of eating red meat. Likert response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with higher scores representing a higher perceived healthfulness of eating red meat.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=884 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=887 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=868 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=866 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Perceived Healthfulness	3.3 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.0	3.0 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.1	3.3 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.0	3.1 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: ~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task

Population: Assessed for all participants who provided response.

Perceived risk of colon and rectal cancer from eating red meat. Likert response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with higher scores representing a higher perceived risk of colon and rectal cancer from eating red meat.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=884 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=887 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=869 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=866 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Perceived Cancer Risk	2.8 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.0	3.1 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.1	2.7 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.0	3.0 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: ~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task

Population: Assessed for all participants who provided response

Perceived risk of environmental harms from eating red meat. Likert response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with higher scores representing a higher perceived risk of environmental harms from eating red meat.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=884 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=887 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=868 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=866 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Perceived Environmental Risk	2.7 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.1	2.8 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.1	2.6 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.0	2.8 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: ~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task

Population: Assessed for all participants who provided response

Thinking about the health harms of food products while completing the shopping task. Likert response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with higher scores representing a higher amount of thinking about health harms of food products.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=885 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=885 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=869 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=866 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Cognitive Elaboration (Health)	2.7 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.3	2.8 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.2	2.6 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.2	2.8 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.2

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: ~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task

Population: Assessed for all participants who provided response

Thinking about the environmental harms of food products while completing the shopping task. Likert response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with higher scores representing a higher amount of thinking about the environmental harms of food products.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=885 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=884 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=869 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=866 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Cognitive Elaboration (Environment)	2.2 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.2	2.4 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.2	2.1 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.1	2.4 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.2

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: ~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task

Population: Assessed for all participants who provided response

Thinking about the price of food products while completing the shopping task. Likert response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with higher scores representing a higher amount of thinking about the price of food products.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=885 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=887 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=869 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=866 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Cognitive Elaboration (Price)	4.1 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9	4.0 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9	4.1 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9	4.1 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: ~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task

Population: Assessed for all participants who provided response

Perceived healthfulness of specific red meat products (burgers, pepperoni pizza, and deli ham). Likert response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with lower scores representing worse for health and higher scores representing better for health.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=884 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=887 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=868 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=866 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Specific Perceived Healthfulness	2.9 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.8	2.7 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9	2.9 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.8	2.7 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: ~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task

Population: Assessed for all participants who provided response.

Perceived environmental harm of specific red meat products (burgers, pepperoni pizza, and deli ham). Likert response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with lower scores representing worse for the environment and higher scores representing better for the environment.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=884 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=887 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=868 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=866 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Specific Perceived Environmental Risk	2.9 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.7	2.7 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.8	2.9 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.7	2.8 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.8

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: ~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task

Population: Assessed for all participants who provided response.

Perceived cost of the burger product. Likert response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with lower scores representing less expensive and higher scores representing more expensive.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=878 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=886 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=868 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=860 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Perceived Cost of the Burger Product.	3.6 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9	3.6 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.0	3.9 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9	3.9 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: ~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task

Population: Assessed for all participants who provided response.

Perceived cost of the pizza product. Likert response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with lower scores representing less expensive and higher scores representing more expensive.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=881 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=887 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=868 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=860 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Perceived Cost of the Pizza Product.	2.8 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.0	2.8 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9	3.0 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9	3.0 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: ~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task

Population: Assessed for all participants who provided response.

Perceived cost of the ham product. Likert response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with lower scores representing less expensive and higher scores representing more expensive.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=881 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=886 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=868 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=859 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Perceived Cost of the Ham Product.	3.2 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9	3.2 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9	3.5 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.0	3.5 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: ~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task

Population: Assessed for all participants who provided response

Intention to reduce red meat consumption in the next 30 days. Likert response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with higher scores representing a higher intention to reduce red meat consumption in the next 30 days.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=884 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=887 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=869 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=866 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Intention to Reduce	2.4 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.2	2.5 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.2	2.3 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.1	2.5 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.2

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: ~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task

Population: Assessed for all participants who provided response

Support of policy for taxes on red meat products in the U.S. Likert response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with higher scores representing a greater deal of support. Those who indicated '4' or '5' were assumed to more strongly agree to support a red meat product tax. This measure reports the percentage of those with a response of '4' or '5'.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=883 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=887 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=869 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=863 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Percentage of Participants Who Support Tax	21.40 percentage of participants	22.44 percentage of participants	15.77 percentage of participants	21.78 percentage of participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: ~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task

Population: Assessed for all participants who provided response

Support of policy for health warning labels on red meat products in the U.S. Likert response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with higher scores representing a greater deal of support. Those who indicated '4' or '5' were assumed to more strongly agree to support a health warning label. This measure reports the percentage of those with a response of '4' or '5'.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=883 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=887 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=869 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=863 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Percentage of Participants Who Support Health Warning Label	42.13 percentage of participants	49.38 percentage of participants	37.86 percentage of participants	48.44 percentage of participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: ~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task

Population: Assessed for all participants who provided response

Support of policy for environmental warning labels on red meat products in the U.S. Likert response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with higher scores representing a greater deal of support. Support of policy for taxes on environmental warning labels in the U.S. Likert response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with higher scores representing a greater deal of support. Those who indicated '4' or '5' were assumed to more strongly agree to support an environmental warning label. This measure reports the percentage of participants with a response of '4' or '5'.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=883 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=887 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=869 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=863 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Percentage of Participants Who Support Environmental Warning Label	40.20 percentage of participants	44.87 percentage of participants	33.14 percentage of participants	44.26 percentage of participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: ~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task

Population: Assessed for all participants who provided response

Acceptability of the online grocery store. Likert response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with higher scores representing a higher amount of agreement.

Acceptability of the online grocery store is measured using 3 items adapted from Waterlander et al., 2011. Responses to the 3 items will be averaged to create an acceptability score sum ranging from 3-15 then divided by the total number of questions asked (n = 3).

Prompt: Say whether you agree or disagree with the following statements.

I could easily find all of the food and beverages I was looking for in the online grocery store.

There were enough food and beverage options in the online grocery store.

This online grocery store felt like a real online grocery store.

Waterlander WE, Scarpa M, Lentz D, Steenhuis IHM. The virtual supermarket: an innovative research tool to study consumer food purchasing behavior. 2011;11:589. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-589.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=885 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=889 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=869 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=866 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Mean Modified Waterlander Acceptability Scale Score	4.1 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.8	4.0 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9	4.1 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.8	4.0 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: ~15 minutes post-test computer survey following the ~15 minute shopping task

Population: Assessed for all participants who provided response

Ease of use of the online grocery store. Likert response options are on a 1 to 5 scale, with higher scores representing more agreement that the online grocery store is easy to use.

Outcome measures

Measure	Control Arm n=885 Participants Products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or an increase in price. Control: Participants will complete a shopping task in the online grocery store, and the products that contain red meat will not have warning labels or a 30% increase in price.	Warning Labels Arm n=889 Participants The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." Warning Labels: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, the health and environmental warning labels will appear next to the image of every product that contains red meat.	Tax Arm n=869 Participants The tax is a 30% increase in the price of products that contain red meat. Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have a 30% increase in price.	Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm n=865 Participants The Combined Warning Labels and Tax arm features both the warning labels and tax. The warning labels are black octagons with white text that appear next to images of products that contain red meat. One label says "WARNING: Eating red meat contributes to colon and rectal cancer" and the other label says "WARNING: Eating red meat harms the environment." The tax is a 30% increase in the price of red meat products. Combined Warning Labels and Tax: While completing the shopping task in the online grocery store, all products containing red meat will have the health and environmental warning labels appear next to the product image and a 30% increase in price.
Ease of Store Use	4.1 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9	4.0 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.0	4.1 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9	4.1 Score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.9

Adverse Events

Control Arm

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Warning Labels Arm

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Tax Arm

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Combined Warning Labels and Tax Arm

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Lindsey Smith Taillie, PhD

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Phone: (919) 445-8313

Email: taillie@unc.edu

Results disclosure agreements

• Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
• Publication restrictions are in place