A Pilot Study of Local Anesthesia for Inguinal Hernia Surgery in Older Adults

NCT ID: NCT04706026

Last Updated: 2025-11-14

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

80 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2024-10-23

Study Completion Date

2027-03-01

Brief Summary

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The purpose of this study is to collect data about local versus general anesthesia for inguinal hernia repair in Veterans aged 60 years for planning a larger, multisite randomized clinical trial. Approximately 80 participants will be enrolled and can expect to be on study for 6 months.

Detailed Description

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The study rationale is that prior to conducting a multisite randomized trial, it is necessary to identify relevant outcomes, understand barriers to greater use of local anesthesia, test study procedures, and confirm our ability to adequately recruit and randomly assign participants. Additionally, the proposed study will provide the applicant with critical training in the design, conduct, and analysis of clinical trials. This will uniquely position the applicant to change surgical care for older adults.

More specifically, the investigators plan to demonstrate the ability to successfully randomize Veterans aged 60 years and older to local versus general anesthesia for inguinal hernia surgery, and to validate processes and instruments to measure relevant outcomes.

Although the original NIA-approved proposal involved only two arms, open hernia repair using local anesthesia and open repair using local anesthesia, the study team subsequently published a paper that showed using local anesthesia for open hernia repair may also be superior to laparoscopic or robotic hernia repair. Consequently, a third arm is added to our pilot study: laparoscopic or robotic hernia repair with general anesthesia (these surgical approaches cannot be done using local anesthesia). The rationale is that use of laparoscopic or robotic inguinal hernia surgery, while still less common than open repair, is becoming more common and no prior randomized trials have compared laparoscopic/robotic surgery versus open repair using local anesthesia.

Local or general anesthesia are the primary methods of anesthesia for inguinal hernia surgery for most surgeons (though some perform the operation under spinal or regional anesthesia, this is rare). Both approaches are used in clinical practice with acceptable known risks and complications. General anesthesia is associated with risks of hypotension, venous thromboembolism, heart attack, stroke, pulmonary dysfunction, cognitive dysfunction, allergic reaction, urinary retention, and malignant hyperthermia. The main risks of local anesthesia include allergic reaction and hypotension (when the anesthetic is improperly injected into a blood vessel).

The primary objective is to:

1. demonstrate ability to successfully recruit, randomize, and retain patients aged 60 years and older for a randomized trial of local versus general anesthesia for inguinal hernia surgery, and
2. establish the ability to measure relevant outcomes and test protocols and study instruments for measuring key outcomes.

The secondary objective is to generate preliminary comparisons between the study arms, to inform effect size estimates for a larger multisite trial.

Conditions

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Inguinal Hernia Anesthesia, Local

Keywords

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Elderly Outcome Inguinal hernia Local anesthesia

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

There will be three study arms, participants will be randomized to

1. Open and laparoscopic / robotic inguinal hernia repair under general anesthesia (Control Group)
2. Inguinal hernia repair with local anesthesia (Experimental Group)

An Observational standard of care arm will supplement accrual in each arm to help reach the goal of 80 participants.
Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Investigators
The investigative team (except for the statistician and the surgeon) will be blinded to the treatment assignment until the final analysis is complete. The study team will not be blinded to the treatment assignments for participants in the observational arm.

Study Groups

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Open Inguinal Repair- Local anesthesia

This arm will receive local anesthesia for their open inguinal hernia repair.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Open Inguinal Hernia Repair - Local Anesthesia

Intervention Type OTHER

Patients in the local anesthesia arm will receive an injection of a 50:50 mix of 1% lidocaine with epinephrine and 0.25% Marcaine at the surgical site (in the skin and subcutaneous layers + beneath the external oblique aponeurosis). Patients in the local arm will also receive intravenous sedation (Propofol or Precedex) and pain medication (morphine or fentanyl) at the discretion of the attending anesthesiologist.

Inguinal Hernia Repair- General Anesthesia

This arm will receive general anesthesia for their open inguinal hernia repair or laparoscopic / robotic repair.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Inguinal Hernia Repair - General Anesthesia

Intervention Type OTHER

General anesthesia will be administered at the discretion of the anesthesiologist and will involve a combination of inhaled and intravenous anesthesia.

Observational: Standard of Care

Participants will receive anesthesia and surgery as decided by their care team.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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Open Inguinal Hernia Repair - Local Anesthesia

Patients in the local anesthesia arm will receive an injection of a 50:50 mix of 1% lidocaine with epinephrine and 0.25% Marcaine at the surgical site (in the skin and subcutaneous layers + beneath the external oblique aponeurosis). Patients in the local arm will also receive intravenous sedation (Propofol or Precedex) and pain medication (morphine or fentanyl) at the discretion of the attending anesthesiologist.

Intervention Type OTHER

Inguinal Hernia Repair - General Anesthesia

General anesthesia will be administered at the discretion of the anesthesiologist and will involve a combination of inhaled and intravenous anesthesia.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Age greater than or equal to 60 years
* Presenting to clinic with a unilateral inguinal hernia that is not incarcerated
* Considered suitable for either general or local anesthesia
* Willing to complete all study requirements, including follow-up continuing until six months after surgery
* English speaking

Exclusion Criteria

* The hernia that the patient is being evaluated for has undergone prior repair
* Any contraindications to general anesthesia
* Allergies to local anesthesia
* Evidence of hernia incarceration or strangulation
* Active local or systemic infection that would preclude the use of mesh for hernia repair
* Need for concurrent surgical repair at the time of hernia repair
* English is not the patient's primary language
* Enrollment in other research studies
* Clinical judgement of surgeon or anesthesiology
* Current pregnancy
* Unwilling to provide consent
* Current active illegal drug use
* Current alcoholism
* Claustrophobia
* Unable to tolerate lying in supine position for greater than 30 minutes
Minimum Eligible Age

60 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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National Institute on Aging (NIA)

NIH

Sponsor Role collaborator

American Federation for Aging Research

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

The John A. Hartford Foundation

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of Wisconsin, Madison

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Courtney Balentine, MD, MPH

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Wisconsin, Madison

Locations

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University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

Dallas, Texas, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Baylor College of Medicine

Houston, Texas, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

University of Wisconsin

Madison, Wisconsin, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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United States

Central Contacts

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Anusha Talwalkar, MPH

Role: CONTACT

Phone: 608-265-9144

Email: [email protected]

Benjamin Cher, MD, MS

Role: CONTACT

Phone: 608-263-7502

Email: [email protected]

Facility Contacts

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Robert Coffee

Role: primary

Elisa Marten

Role: primary

Other Identifiers

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Protocol Version 6/26/25

Identifier Type: OTHER

Identifier Source: secondary_id

SMPH/SURGERY/ENDOCRINE

Identifier Type: OTHER

Identifier Source: secondary_id

K76AG068515

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

2025-1146

Identifier Type: OTHER

Identifier Source: secondary_id

2023-0980

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id