COVID-19 Preventive Behavior in African Americans

NCT ID: NCT04700462

Last Updated: 2021-11-03

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 250 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2021-02-05
• Study Completion Date: 2021-10-30

Brief Summary

The Center Disease Control has published a set of guidelines to contain the spread of the virus, since it is known to spread from person-to-person. Given the vaccine and specific antiviral treatment for Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) remain under development and will take months or years to develop, intermittent and sustained preventive behaviors may be needed into 2022 unless effective treatments or vaccines are developed. Thus, effectively implementing preventive behaviors remains a critical step in bringing the pandemic under long-term control. Leveraging the ecological momentary assessment (EMA) method developed in the parent R01 for smartphones, which allows for real-time data collection on individual's behaviors, the investigators propose a prospective single arm and longitudinal study to examine the effectiveness of self-monitoring EMA (SM-EMA) in promoting adherence to COVID-19 preventative behaviors. SM-EMA users will download the smartphone app which includes: (1) instructional videos to provide knowledge of preventative behaviors; (2) self-monitoring of preventative behaviors during intervention and follow-up phases; (3) tailored-feedback messages to encourage preventative behaviors; and (4) mobile-enabled website to provide an interactive learning platform. If proven efficacious, this intervention could be efficiently disseminated to reach the larger public and foster preventive behaviors into self-management as effective strategies for long-term control of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Detailed Description

Given the vaccine and specific antiviral treatment for COVID-19 will take months or years to develop and finalize, preventive behaviors remain the most effective strategy thus far and may be needed until 2022 to control the pandemic. African Americans, who have 3-fold higher infection rate and 6-fold higher death rate compared to the white counterparts, are an especially vulnerable population to COVID-19. Immediately initiating a project that promotes and maximizes adherence to preventative behaviors is vital to addressing the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The investigators propose a prospective single arm and longitudinal study to examine the effectiveness of SM-EMA in promoting adherence to COVID-19 preventative behaviors. The intervention will include two daily pop-up messages during Week 1 (one in the morning and one in the afternoon), one daily pop-message in Week 2, and two pop-up messages a week in Weeks 3 and 4. The duration for the intervention will be four weeks. The study outcomes will be collected at baseline (pre-intervention, T1), post-(completion of the intervention, T2, primary endpoint), and monthly follow-up for three months (T3-T5). The total study duration will be four months.

Conditions

Covid19; Health Behavior

Keywords

COVID-19; Smartphone App; Preventative Behavior; Self-Management; Health Disparities

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NA
• Intervention Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Primary Study Purpose: PREVENTION
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Sm-EMA

Participants will receive the Self-monitoring ecological momentary assessment behavior change tool.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Sm-EMA

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Self-monitoring ecological momentary assessment behavior change tool to promote adherence to a desired behavior (i.e. COVID-19 preventative behaviors).

Interventions

Sm-EMA

Self-monitoring ecological momentary assessment behavior change tool to promote adherence to a desired behavior (i.e. COVID-19 preventative behaviors).

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• African American aged 60 or older
• Able to read and write English
• Willing to commit to use the smartphone app with the pop-up messages and then four follow-up surveys (total four months).

Exclusion Criteria

• No children or others aged 59 years or younger

• Minimum Eligible Age: 60 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

National Institute on Aging (NIA)

NIH

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Johns Hopkins University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Chao Hsing Yeh, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Johns Hopkins School of Nursing

Locations

Johns Hopkins School of Nursing

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Countries

United States

Other Identifiers

3R01AG056587-03S1

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

IRB00250644

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id