Trial Outcomes & Findings for Feasibility, Acceptability, and Barriers to Implementation of a Geriatrics Bundle in the ICU (NCT NCT04652453)

Last Updated: 2024-02-16

Results Overview

Feasibility of bundle delivery will be measured by review of electronic medical record (EMR) documentation of each bundle component and a daily-check in with the patient and team. We will determine the proportion of eligible patients receiving each component as well as delivery of the overall bundle. A feasibility threshold of 70% will be used for the individual bundle components, as well as the combined bundle.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

Target enrollment

83 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

From ICU admission to hospital discharge, up to 30 days

Results posted on

2024-02-16

Participant Flow

72 participants and 11 providers

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure	Post-Intervention Group (Geriatrics Bundle) Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 components of the geriatrics bundle: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer. Geriatrics Bundle: Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 bundle components: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer.	Pre-Intervention Group (Control) Participants in the control arm will be enrolled prior to implementation of the geriatrics bundle to gather preliminary data about the secondary outcomes.	Providers Providers were surveyed for the acceptability outcome only.
Overall Study STARTED	50	22	11
Overall Study COMPLETED	35	15	11
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	15	7	0

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure	Post-Intervention Group (Geriatrics Bundle) Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 components of the geriatrics bundle: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer. Geriatrics Bundle: Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 bundle components: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer.	Pre-Intervention Group (Control) Participants in the control arm will be enrolled prior to implementation of the geriatrics bundle to gather preliminary data about the secondary outcomes.
Overall Study Death	8	2
Overall Study Hospice	5	5
Overall Study Withdrawal by Subject	2	0

Baseline Characteristics

Not collected for providers

Baseline characteristics by cohort

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: From ICU admission to hospital discharge, up to 30 days

Population: Only participants in the geriatric bundle were eligible.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Post-Intervention Group (Geriatrics Bundle) n=50 Participants Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 components of the geriatrics bundle: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer. Geriatrics Bundle: Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 bundle components: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer.	Pre-Intervention Group (Control) Participants in the control arm will be enrolled prior to implementation of the geriatrics bundle to gather preliminary data about the secondary outcomes.
Feasibility of Bundle Delivery	50 Participants	—

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: From ICU admission to hospital discharge, up to 30 days

Population: 11 providers

Acceptability of the bundle among providers will be assessed with a survey using a 5-point Likert scale (range 1-5, where 5 indicates that participants strongly agree the bundle is completely acceptable for use in its current form and are comfortable using it).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Post-Intervention Group (Geriatrics Bundle) n=11 Participants Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 components of the geriatrics bundle: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer. Geriatrics Bundle: Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 bundle components: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer.	Pre-Intervention Group (Control) Participants in the control arm will be enrolled prior to implementation of the geriatrics bundle to gather preliminary data about the secondary outcomes.
Acceptability of Bundle Delivery Strongly agree	5 Participants	—
Acceptability of Bundle Delivery Agree	6 Participants	—

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: From ICU admission to hospital discharge, up to 30 days

Population: Numbers represented here are the number of themes derived from interviews.

Barriers and facilitators to bundle implementation will be assessed using qualitative methods. Separate focus groups were conducted with members of each health care discipline. Focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed. Content analysis was then used to identify barriers and facilitators to bundle implementation.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Post-Intervention Group (Geriatrics Bundle) n=50 Participants Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 components of the geriatrics bundle: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer. Geriatrics Bundle: Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 bundle components: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer.	Pre-Intervention Group (Control) Participants in the control arm will be enrolled prior to implementation of the geriatrics bundle to gather preliminary data about the secondary outcomes.
Barriers and Facilitators to Bundle Implementation Occupational Therapy Component: Barriers	7 themes	—
Barriers and Facilitators to Bundle Implementation Occupational Therapy Component: Facilitators	3 themes	—
Barriers and Facilitators to Bundle Implementation Pharmacy Component: Barriers	5 themes	—
Barriers and Facilitators to Bundle Implementation Pharmacy Component: Facilitators	6 themes	—
Barriers and Facilitators to Bundle Implementation Hearing Amplifier Component: Barriers	3 themes	—
Barriers and Facilitators to Bundle Implementation Hearing Amplifier Component: Facilitators	2 themes	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: during hospitalization, up to 128 days

Population: Only patients that proceeded to hospital discharge within 30 days.

Incident delirium as measured by the Chart-based Delirium Identification Instrument for ICU (CHART-DEL-ICU). The CHART-DEL-ICU is a validated delirium detection tool for use in critically ill older adults. Charts were manually reviewed and assigned a level of confidence in the detection of delirium for the hospitalization: Level of confidence in detection of delirium 1. Definite (85%+) 2. Probable (60-85%) 3. Possible (40-60%) 4. Uncertain (10-40%) 5. No evidence (\< 10%) Delirium present during the hospitalization = "definite, probable, or possible" Delirium not present during the hospitalization = "uncertain or no evidence" Numbers represented here are participants with delirium.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Post-Intervention Group (Geriatrics Bundle) n=41 Participants Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 components of the geriatrics bundle: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer. Geriatrics Bundle: Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 bundle components: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer.	Pre-Intervention Group (Control) n=20 Participants Participants in the control arm will be enrolled prior to implementation of the geriatrics bundle to gather preliminary data about the secondary outcomes.
Delirium Assessed Using Chart-based Delirium Identification Instrument for ICU (CHART-DEL-ICU)	5 Participants	7 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From ICU admission to hospital discharge, up to 30 days

Population: Only patients that were able to perform these tasks were analyzed, 2 participants in the geriatrics bundle and 1 participant in the control group were not able to be assessed.

Data about mobility level during hospitalization will be gathered from the physical therapy and occupational therapy flowsheets. This was scored on a scale of 0-6 with 6 being the highest level of mobility. Presented is the highest score by participants during the hospitalization period.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Post-Intervention Group (Geriatrics Bundle) n=48 Participants Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 components of the geriatrics bundle: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer. Geriatrics Bundle: Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 bundle components: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer.	Pre-Intervention Group (Control) n=21 Participants Participants in the control arm will be enrolled prior to implementation of the geriatrics bundle to gather preliminary data about the secondary outcomes.
Mobility Level - Highest Level	4.44 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.13	4.38 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.28

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From ICU admission to hospital discharge, up to 30 days

Population: Only patients that were able to perform these tasks were analyzed, 2 participants in the geriatrics bundle and 1 participant in the control group were not able to be assessed.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Post-Intervention Group (Geriatrics Bundle) n=48 Participants Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 components of the geriatrics bundle: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer. Geriatrics Bundle: Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 bundle components: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer.	Pre-Intervention Group (Control) n=21 Participants Participants in the control arm will be enrolled prior to implementation of the geriatrics bundle to gather preliminary data about the secondary outcomes.
Mobility Level - Level at Discharge	4.10 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.29	4.10 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.55

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From ICU admission to hospital discharge, up to 30 days

Population: Only participants with data were analyzed; there were 19 participants in the geriatrics bundle group and 5 participants in the control group that were missing these scores at discharge.

Manual muscle testing via the 6-point MRC system: Strength in each of 12 muscle groups is assessed via a 6-point system, in which a score of 0=no contraction, 1=flicker of a contraction, 2=active movement with gravity eliminated, 3=active movement against gravity, 4=active movement against gravity and resistance, 5= normal power. The highest possible score is 60, which would indicate maximum muscle strength.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Post-Intervention Group (Geriatrics Bundle) n=31 Participants Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 components of the geriatrics bundle: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer. Geriatrics Bundle: Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 bundle components: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer.	Pre-Intervention Group (Control) n=17 Participants Participants in the control arm will be enrolled prior to implementation of the geriatrics bundle to gather preliminary data about the secondary outcomes.
Muscle Strength	50.2 score on a scale Standard Deviation 9.0	49.6 score on a scale Standard Deviation 14.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 30 days after hospital discharge

Population: Only participants with data were analyzed.

Participants will be asked whether they were independently able to complete a series of functional activities, including activities of daily living (ADLs), instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), and mobility activity. Functional activities included seven basic activities of daily living (eating, dressing, bathing, toileting, grooming, getting in and out of a chair, walking around indoors); five instrumental activities of daily living (doing housework, going shopping, preparing a meal, taking medications, managing finances); and three mobility activities (walking a quarter of a mile, climbing stairs, and lifting or carrying heavy objects). A higher count of activities indicates less disability.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Post-Intervention Group (Geriatrics Bundle) n=41 Participants Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 components of the geriatrics bundle: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer. Geriatrics Bundle: Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 bundle components: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer.	Pre-Intervention Group (Control) n=21 Participants Participants in the control arm will be enrolled prior to implementation of the geriatrics bundle to gather preliminary data about the secondary outcomes.
30-day Functional Outcomes	5 count of activities Interval 2.0 to 12.0	8 count of activities Interval 4.0 to 12.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 30 days after hospital discharge

Population: Only participants eligible for readmission were assessed.

Participants will be asked if they were readmitted to a hospital within 30 days of hospital. The electronic medical record will also be reviewed for readmissions.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Post-Intervention Group (Geriatrics Bundle) n=35 Participants Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 components of the geriatrics bundle: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer. Geriatrics Bundle: Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 bundle components: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer.	Pre-Intervention Group (Control) n=15 Participants Participants in the control arm will be enrolled prior to implementation of the geriatrics bundle to gather preliminary data about the secondary outcomes.
Number of Participants With Hospital Readmissions Within 30 Days	5 Participants	3 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 30 days after hospital discharge

Population: Out of 7 participants that completed the interview. Amplifying device was only provided to the intervention group and not the control group.

Participants will be asked whether they are still using the portable amplifying device after hospital discharge and whether they perceive benefit from its use. Presented are the qualitative responses summarized as frequencies.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Post-Intervention Group (Geriatrics Bundle) n=7 Participants Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 components of the geriatrics bundle: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer. Geriatrics Bundle: Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 bundle components: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer.	Pre-Intervention Group (Control) Participants in the control arm will be enrolled prior to implementation of the geriatrics bundle to gather preliminary data about the secondary outcomes.
Number of Participants That Reported Use and Perceived Benefit of Amplifying Device After Hospital Discharge Indicate Perceived benefits	6 Participants	—
Number of Participants That Reported Use and Perceived Benefit of Amplifying Device After Hospital Discharge Did Not Indicate Perceived benefits	1 Participants	—

Adverse Events

Post-Intervention Group (Geriatrics Bundle)

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 8 deaths

Pre-Intervention Group (Control)

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 2 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Lauren Ferrante, MD, MHS

Department of Internal Medicine: Yale School of Medicine

Phone: (203) 785-3207

Email: [email protected]

Results disclosure agreements

Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
Publication restrictions are in place

Measure	Post-Intervention Group (Geriatrics Bundle) n=50 Participants Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 components of the geriatrics bundle: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer. Geriatrics Bundle: Enrolled participants in the intervention arm will receive all 3 bundle components: occupational therapy (in addition to physical therapy) upon enrollment in the ICU, a portable amplifying device upon enrollment in the ICU, and a de-prescribing intervention by the ICU pharmacist (in conjunction with the medical team) upon ICU-to-floor transfer.	Pre-Intervention Group (Control) n=22 Participants Participants in the control arm will be enrolled prior to implementation of the geriatrics bundle to gather preliminary data about the secondary outcomes.	Providers n=11 Participants 11 Providers were surveyed for the acceptability outcome only. Demographics were not collected for the providers.	Total n=83 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous	79.48 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.11 • n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	76.91 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.09 • n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	78.69 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.46 • n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Sex: Female, Male Female	23 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	12 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	35 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Sex: Female, Male Male	27 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	10 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	37 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Race/Ethnicity, Customized White, Non-Hispanic	40 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	18 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	58 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Race/Ethnicity, Customized White, Hispanic	2 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	0 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	2 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Black, non-Hispanic	6 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	3 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	9 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Black, Hispanic	0 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	0 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	0 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Hispanic, race not reported	0 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	0 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	0 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Non-Hispanic, race not reported	0 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	0 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	0 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Asian, non-Hispanic	2 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	0 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	2 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Unknown race and ethnicity	0 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	1 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	1 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Region of Enrollment United States	50 participants n=50 Participants	22 participants n=22 Participants	11 participants n=11 Participants	83 participants n=83 Participants
Highest level of education completed Less than high school	9 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	3 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	12 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Highest level of education completed High school or equivalent	30 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	8 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	38 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Highest level of education completed 2- or 4- year degree	6 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	8 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	14 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Highest level of education completed Graduate or post-graduate	4 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	6 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	10 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Medicaid recipient	18 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	6 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	24 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Marital status Married or living with partner	21 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	13 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	34 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Marital status Single	3 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	2 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	5 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Marital status Divorced or separated	9 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	3 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	12 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Marital status Widowed	16 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	4 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	20 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Marital status Other	1 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	1 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	2 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Lives alone	16 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	4 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	20 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Respondent Participant	34 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	19 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	53 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Respondent Proxy	16 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	3 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	19 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Comorbidity count	3 count of comorbidities n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	3.5 count of comorbidities n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	3 count of comorbidities n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Presence of functional disability in any of the 15 activities	37 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	16 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	53 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Hearing impairment	27 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	11 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	38 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Vision impairment	12 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	6 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	18 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Fall prior to hospitalization	22 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	12 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	34 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Disability in month prior to hospitalization	4 number of activities n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	2.5 number of activities n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	3 number of activities n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Hospitalization in the 6 months prior to admission	33 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	10 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	43 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
History of tobacco use	32 Participants n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	15 Participants n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	47 Participants n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Clinical Frailty Scale, range 1-7	4.87 score on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.41 • n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	4.52 score on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.29 • n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	4.76 score on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.37 • n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers
Muscle strength at baseline, range 0-60 mean (SD)	46.4 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.0 • n=50 Participants • Not collected for providers	44.0 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.2 • n=22 Participants • Not collected for providers	—	45.6 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.8 • n=72 Participants • Not collected for providers