Trial Outcomes & Findings for Incidental Auditory Category Training for Language Learning (NCT NCT04509024)
NCT ID: NCT04509024
Last Updated: 2024-07-24
Results Overview
Each participant's 96 auditory discrimination data points at Pre-test and Post-test, respectively, were reduced to one sensitivity score: d-prime (d': hits minus false alarms). This transformation takes into account response bias and approaches a normal distribution. A higher score represents greater sensitivity. The difference in scores from pre- to post-test represents the change.
Recruitment status
TERMINATED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
106 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
Pre-test (baseline) and immediately after 2 months of training.
Results posted on
2024-07-24
Participant Flow
This is the number of participants who agreed to participate in the study following completion of the informed consent process.
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Incidental Training
Participants undergo incidental, non-speech training.
|
Explicit Training
Participants undergo traditional explicit language learning.
|
No Training
Participants do not undergo training.
|
Classroom Training
Participants undergo structured classroom training.
|
Classroom and Incidental Training
Participants undergo both classroom and incidental training.
|
Classroom and Explicit Training
Participants undergo both classroom and explicit training.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
18
|
17
|
19
|
17
|
18
|
17
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
18
|
17
|
19
|
17
|
18
|
17
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Reasons for withdrawal
Withdrawal data not reported
Baseline Characteristics
Incidental Auditory Category Training for Language Learning
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Incidental Training
n=18 Participants
Participants play a video-game involving non-speech.
|
Explicit Training
n=17 Participants
Participants use a website involving explicit sounds and labels.
|
No Training
n=19 Participants
Participants do not undergo training between pre- and post-tests.
|
Classroom Training
n=17 Participants
Participants take part in a weekly structured language class.
|
Classroom and Incidental Training
n=18 Participants
Participants take part in classroom and video-game training.
|
Classroom and Explicit Training
n=17 Participants
Participants take part in classroom and explicit web-based training.
|
Total
n=106 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=21 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=10 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=115 Participants
|
|
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
|
18 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
17 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
19 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
17 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
18 Participants
n=21 Participants
|
17 Participants
n=10 Participants
|
106 Participants
n=115 Participants
|
|
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=21 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=10 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=115 Participants
|
|
Age, Continuous
|
20.5 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.07 • n=5 Participants
|
21.1 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.37 • n=7 Participants
|
19.8 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.29 • n=5 Participants
|
20.9 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.66 • n=4 Participants
|
20.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.40 • n=21 Participants
|
20.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.43 • n=10 Participants
|
20.8 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.7 • n=115 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Female
|
8 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
10 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=21 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=10 Participants
|
55 Participants
n=115 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Male
|
10 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
10 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=21 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=10 Participants
|
51 Participants
n=115 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=21 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=10 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=115 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
|
7 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
5 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=21 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=10 Participants
|
40 Participants
n=115 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=21 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=10 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=115 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
|
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=21 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=10 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=115 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
|
8 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=21 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=10 Participants
|
46 Participants
n=115 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=21 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=10 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=115 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=21 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=10 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=115 Participants
|
|
Region of Enrollment
United States
|
18 participants
n=5 Participants
|
17 participants
n=7 Participants
|
19 participants
n=5 Participants
|
17 participants
n=4 Participants
|
18 participants
n=21 Participants
|
17 participants
n=10 Participants
|
106 participants
n=115 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Pre-test (baseline) and immediately after 2 months of training.Each participant's 96 auditory discrimination data points at Pre-test and Post-test, respectively, were reduced to one sensitivity score: d-prime (d': hits minus false alarms). This transformation takes into account response bias and approaches a normal distribution. A higher score represents greater sensitivity. The difference in scores from pre- to post-test represents the change.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Incidental Training
n=18 Participants
Participants undergo incidental training involving non-speech sounds within a video-game.
|
Explicit Training
n=17 Participants
Participants undergo explicit training involving a website with sound and category labels.
|
No Training
n=19 Participants
Participants did not undergo training between pre- and post-tests.
|
Classroom Training
n=17 Participants
Participants undergo structured classroom training.
|
Classroom and Incidental Training
n=18 Participants
Participants undergo both classroom and incidental training.
|
Classroom and Explicit Training
n=17 Participants
Participants undergo both classroom and explicit training.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Sensitivity (D-prime) to Novel Speech Sounds After 2 Months of Training
|
1.51 sensitivity (d-prime)
Standard Deviation 1.36
|
0.47 sensitivity (d-prime)
Standard Deviation 1.51
|
0.53 sensitivity (d-prime)
Standard Deviation .96
|
1.33 sensitivity (d-prime)
Standard Deviation 1.68
|
1.33 sensitivity (d-prime)
Standard Deviation 1.32
|
1.23 sensitivity (d-prime)
Standard Deviation 1.12
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Pre-test (baseline) and immediately after 2 months of training.Each participant's 96 auditory categorization data points at Pre-test and Post-test, respectively, were turned into a mean of the correct answers. The difference between the two accuracy scores represents the mean change in accuracy.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Incidental Training
n=18 Participants
Participants undergo incidental training involving non-speech sounds within a video-game.
|
Explicit Training
n=17 Participants
Participants undergo explicit training involving a website with sound and category labels.
|
No Training
n=19 Participants
Participants did not undergo training between pre- and post-tests.
|
Classroom Training
n=17 Participants
Participants undergo structured classroom training.
|
Classroom and Incidental Training
n=18 Participants
Participants undergo both classroom and incidental training.
|
Classroom and Explicit Training
n=17 Participants
Participants undergo both classroom and explicit training.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Auditory Category Learning Accuracy After 2 Months of Training
|
.43 percentage of correct trials
Standard Deviation .19
|
.31 percentage of correct trials
Standard Deviation .26
|
.04 percentage of correct trials
Standard Deviation .11
|
.48 percentage of correct trials
Standard Deviation .2
|
.44 percentage of correct trials
Standard Deviation .13
|
.49 percentage of correct trials
Standard Deviation .21
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Immediately after 2 months of training.At post-test, participants did a three day novel word learning task. Their 48 word identification data points on the first and third days, respectively, were turned into a mean correct score. The difference in scores from Day 1 to Day 3 represents the change in mean novel word learning accuracy.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Incidental Training
n=18 Participants
Participants undergo incidental training involving non-speech sounds within a video-game.
|
Explicit Training
n=17 Participants
Participants undergo explicit training involving a website with sound and category labels.
|
No Training
n=19 Participants
Participants did not undergo training between pre- and post-tests.
|
Classroom Training
n=17 Participants
Participants undergo structured classroom training.
|
Classroom and Incidental Training
n=18 Participants
Participants undergo both classroom and incidental training.
|
Classroom and Explicit Training
n=17 Participants
Participants undergo both classroom and explicit training.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Novel Auditory Word Learning Accuracy After 2 Months of Training
|
.06 percentage of correct trials
Standard Deviation .24
|
0 percentage of correct trials
Standard Deviation .12
|
-.03 percentage of correct trials
Standard Deviation .16
|
-.04 percentage of correct trials
Standard Deviation .13
|
.1 percentage of correct trials
Standard Deviation .2
|
.09 percentage of correct trials
Standard Deviation .12
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 3 months post-interventionPopulation: This component of the project was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic and no data were collected.
Three months after training, participants were scheduled to learn words in an unrelated language. Their mean accuracy would be calculated.
Outcome measures
Outcome data not reported
Adverse Events
Incidental Training
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Explicit Training
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
No Training
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Classroom Training
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Classroom and Incidental Training
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Classroom and Explicit Training
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Dr. Seth Wiener, Associate Professor
Carnegie Mellon University
Phone: 412-268-5669
Email: [email protected]
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place