Trial Outcomes & Findings for Social Networks and Methadone Maintenance Treatment Retention and Antiretroviral Therapy Retention in Tanzania (NCT NCT04479475)
NCT ID: NCT04479475
Last Updated: 2025-10-08
Results Overview
Intervention session attended by participants (MMT clients and identified social support persons)
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
58 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
Week 1 of intervention
Results posted on
2025-10-08
Participant Flow
Twenty Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) clients were recruited from Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) Medically Assisted Therapy (MAT) clinic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Participating MMT clients identified and referred to the study social support persons to enroll and participate in the intervention.
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons
MMT participants attended seven weekly sessions to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals. Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients jointly attended up to five sessions over the course of six weekly sessions.
|
|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
58
|
|
Overall Study
MMT Clients Participants
|
20
|
|
Overall Study
Social Support Persons
|
33
|
|
Overall Study
Intervention Counselors
|
5
|
|
Overall Study
Clients With HIV
|
5
|
|
Overall Study
Clients Without HIV
|
15
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
51
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
7
|
Reasons for withdrawal
| Measure |
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons
MMT participants attended seven weekly sessions to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals. Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients jointly attended up to five sessions over the course of six weekly sessions.
|
|---|---|
|
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
|
7
|
Baseline Characteristics
Social Networks and Methadone Maintenance Treatment Retention and Antiretroviral Therapy Retention in Tanzania
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (MMT Clients)
n=20 Participants
MMT participants will attend seven sessions over the course of six weekly sessions to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Social Support Persons)
n=33 Participants
Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to five sessions over the course of six weekly sessions.
|
Total
n=53 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
35.65 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.51 • n=5 Participants
|
39.13 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.85 • n=7 Participants
|
37.37 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.57 • n=5 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Female
|
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
18 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
22 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Male
|
16 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
31 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
|
20 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
33 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
53 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Region of Enrollment
Tanzania
|
20 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
33 Participants
n=7 Participants
|
53 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Week 1 of interventionIntervention session attended by participants (MMT clients and identified social support persons)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (MMT Clients)
n=20 Participants
MMT participants will attend seven sessions over the course of six weekly sessions to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Social Support Persons)
n=33 Participants
Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to five sessions over the course of six weekly sessions.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Intervention Counselors)
MMT participants attended six sessions over the course of six weeks to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals. Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to four sessions over the course of six weeks.
Supportive care through community support persons: The adapted B-SBNT involves families and the wider social networks of people receiving MMT to support recovery. Key components of the intervention include: mapping the social networks of clients; inviting others identified through the mapping to participate in the intervention; building communication strategies with network members; and developing joint activities with network members, e.g., income-generating activities. MMT client participants attend seven sessions over the course of six weeks: (1) Introduction, (2) Working in a social network-based setting, (3) Setting drinking and drug use goals, (4) Coping skills 1, (5), Coping Skills 2, (6) Making lifestyle changes, (7) Generating income. Social support persons attend up to five sessions over the course of six weeks.
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Participants Who Attend Week 1 Intervention Session
|
20 Participants
|
28 Participants
|
—
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Week 2 of interventionPopulation: MMT participants only
Intervention session attended by participants (MMT clients)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (MMT Clients)
n=20 Participants
MMT participants will attend seven sessions over the course of six weekly sessions to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Social Support Persons)
Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to five sessions over the course of six weekly sessions.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Intervention Counselors)
MMT participants attended six sessions over the course of six weeks to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals. Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to four sessions over the course of six weeks.
Supportive care through community support persons: The adapted B-SBNT involves families and the wider social networks of people receiving MMT to support recovery. Key components of the intervention include: mapping the social networks of clients; inviting others identified through the mapping to participate in the intervention; building communication strategies with network members; and developing joint activities with network members, e.g., income-generating activities. MMT client participants attend seven sessions over the course of six weeks: (1) Introduction, (2) Working in a social network-based setting, (3) Setting drinking and drug use goals, (4) Coping skills 1, (5), Coping Skills 2, (6) Making lifestyle changes, (7) Generating income. Social support persons attend up to five sessions over the course of six weeks.
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
MMT Participants Who Attend Week 2 Intervention Session
|
20 Participants
|
—
|
—
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Week 3 of interventionIntervention session attended by participants (MMT clients and identified social support persons)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (MMT Clients)
n=20 Participants
MMT participants will attend seven sessions over the course of six weekly sessions to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Social Support Persons)
n=33 Participants
Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to five sessions over the course of six weekly sessions.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Intervention Counselors)
MMT participants attended six sessions over the course of six weeks to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals. Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to four sessions over the course of six weeks.
Supportive care through community support persons: The adapted B-SBNT involves families and the wider social networks of people receiving MMT to support recovery. Key components of the intervention include: mapping the social networks of clients; inviting others identified through the mapping to participate in the intervention; building communication strategies with network members; and developing joint activities with network members, e.g., income-generating activities. MMT client participants attend seven sessions over the course of six weeks: (1) Introduction, (2) Working in a social network-based setting, (3) Setting drinking and drug use goals, (4) Coping skills 1, (5), Coping Skills 2, (6) Making lifestyle changes, (7) Generating income. Social support persons attend up to five sessions over the course of six weeks.
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Participants Who Attend Week 3 Intervention Session
|
20 Participants
|
25 Participants
|
—
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Week 4 of interventionPopulation: Week 4 intervention session was for MMT client participants only
Intervention session attended by participants (MMT clients)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (MMT Clients)
n=20 Participants
MMT participants will attend seven sessions over the course of six weekly sessions to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Social Support Persons)
Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to five sessions over the course of six weekly sessions.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Intervention Counselors)
MMT participants attended six sessions over the course of six weeks to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals. Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to four sessions over the course of six weeks.
Supportive care through community support persons: The adapted B-SBNT involves families and the wider social networks of people receiving MMT to support recovery. Key components of the intervention include: mapping the social networks of clients; inviting others identified through the mapping to participate in the intervention; building communication strategies with network members; and developing joint activities with network members, e.g., income-generating activities. MMT client participants attend seven sessions over the course of six weeks: (1) Introduction, (2) Working in a social network-based setting, (3) Setting drinking and drug use goals, (4) Coping skills 1, (5), Coping Skills 2, (6) Making lifestyle changes, (7) Generating income. Social support persons attend up to five sessions over the course of six weeks.
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
MMT Participants Who Attend Week 4 Intervention Session
|
20 Participants
|
—
|
—
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Week 5 of interventionIntervention session attended by participants (MMT clients and identified social support persons)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (MMT Clients)
n=20 Participants
MMT participants will attend seven sessions over the course of six weekly sessions to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Social Support Persons)
n=33 Participants
Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to five sessions over the course of six weekly sessions.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Intervention Counselors)
MMT participants attended six sessions over the course of six weeks to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals. Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to four sessions over the course of six weeks.
Supportive care through community support persons: The adapted B-SBNT involves families and the wider social networks of people receiving MMT to support recovery. Key components of the intervention include: mapping the social networks of clients; inviting others identified through the mapping to participate in the intervention; building communication strategies with network members; and developing joint activities with network members, e.g., income-generating activities. MMT client participants attend seven sessions over the course of six weeks: (1) Introduction, (2) Working in a social network-based setting, (3) Setting drinking and drug use goals, (4) Coping skills 1, (5), Coping Skills 2, (6) Making lifestyle changes, (7) Generating income. Social support persons attend up to five sessions over the course of six weeks.
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Participants Who Attend Week 5 Intervention Session
|
20 Participants
|
25 Participants
|
—
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Week 6 of interventionIntervention session attended by participants (MMT clients and identified social support persons)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (MMT Clients)
n=20 Participants
MMT participants will attend seven sessions over the course of six weekly sessions to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Social Support Persons)
n=33 Participants
Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to five sessions over the course of six weekly sessions.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Intervention Counselors)
MMT participants attended six sessions over the course of six weeks to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals. Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to four sessions over the course of six weeks.
Supportive care through community support persons: The adapted B-SBNT involves families and the wider social networks of people receiving MMT to support recovery. Key components of the intervention include: mapping the social networks of clients; inviting others identified through the mapping to participate in the intervention; building communication strategies with network members; and developing joint activities with network members, e.g., income-generating activities. MMT client participants attend seven sessions over the course of six weeks: (1) Introduction, (2) Working in a social network-based setting, (3) Setting drinking and drug use goals, (4) Coping skills 1, (5), Coping Skills 2, (6) Making lifestyle changes, (7) Generating income. Social support persons attend up to five sessions over the course of six weeks.
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Participants Who Attend Week 6 Intervention Session
|
20 Participants
|
25 Participants
|
—
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: On average, 1 month post-interventionPopulation: Intervention counselors only
Perceptions of intervention fidelity will be assessed through qualitative interviews with facilitators and participants. Perceptions of intervention fidelity, including facilitators and barriers to intervention fidelity will be summarized thematically.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (MMT Clients)
n=5 Participants
MMT participants will attend seven sessions over the course of six weekly sessions to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Social Support Persons)
Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to five sessions over the course of six weekly sessions.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Intervention Counselors)
MMT participants attended six sessions over the course of six weeks to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals. Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to four sessions over the course of six weeks.
Supportive care through community support persons: The adapted B-SBNT involves families and the wider social networks of people receiving MMT to support recovery. Key components of the intervention include: mapping the social networks of clients; inviting others identified through the mapping to participate in the intervention; building communication strategies with network members; and developing joint activities with network members, e.g., income-generating activities. MMT client participants attend seven sessions over the course of six weeks: (1) Introduction, (2) Working in a social network-based setting, (3) Setting drinking and drug use goals, (4) Coping skills 1, (5), Coping Skills 2, (6) Making lifestyle changes, (7) Generating income. Social support persons attend up to five sessions over the course of six weeks.
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Number of Intervention Counselors Who Adhered to the Intervention Manual
|
5 Participants
|
—
|
—
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: On average, 1 month post-interventionPopulation: Qualitative, in-depth interviews with MMT client participants, social support person participants, and intervention counselors with data collected.
Intervention acceptability will be assessed through qualitative interviews with intervention counselors and participants. Questions will include experiences of delivering or participating in the intervention, barriers and facilitators to delivering the intervention or participating in the intervention session, and recommendations for improvements.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (MMT Clients)
n=10 Participants
MMT participants will attend seven sessions over the course of six weekly sessions to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Social Support Persons)
n=10 Participants
Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to five sessions over the course of six weekly sessions.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Intervention Counselors)
n=5 Participants
MMT participants attended six sessions over the course of six weeks to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals. Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to four sessions over the course of six weeks.
Supportive care through community support persons: The adapted B-SBNT involves families and the wider social networks of people receiving MMT to support recovery. Key components of the intervention include: mapping the social networks of clients; inviting others identified through the mapping to participate in the intervention; building communication strategies with network members; and developing joint activities with network members, e.g., income-generating activities. MMT client participants attend seven sessions over the course of six weeks: (1) Introduction, (2) Working in a social network-based setting, (3) Setting drinking and drug use goals, (4) Coping skills 1, (5), Coping Skills 2, (6) Making lifestyle changes, (7) Generating income. Social support persons attend up to five sessions over the course of six weeks.
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Number of Participants Who Find the Intervention Acceptable as Assessed by the Intervention Feasibility Interview
|
10 Participants
|
10 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: On average, 1 month post-interventionPopulation: MMT and social support persons with data collected
Intervention acceptability was assessed through follow-up surveys conducted with participants after they completed the intervention. Acceptability was measured through five survey items developed by the study team that assessed acceptability of the intervention overall, the intervention counselor, the content of sessions, and the delivery modality (peer sessions and having social support persons present for select sessions). Mean scores are presented that range from 0 (not acceptable) to 3 (very acceptable). Higher score better.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (MMT Clients)
n=19 Participants
MMT participants will attend seven sessions over the course of six weekly sessions to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Social Support Persons)
n=27 Participants
Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to five sessions over the course of six weekly sessions.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Intervention Counselors)
MMT participants attended six sessions over the course of six weeks to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals. Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to four sessions over the course of six weeks.
Supportive care through community support persons: The adapted B-SBNT involves families and the wider social networks of people receiving MMT to support recovery. Key components of the intervention include: mapping the social networks of clients; inviting others identified through the mapping to participate in the intervention; building communication strategies with network members; and developing joint activities with network members, e.g., income-generating activities. MMT client participants attend seven sessions over the course of six weeks: (1) Introduction, (2) Working in a social network-based setting, (3) Setting drinking and drug use goals, (4) Coping skills 1, (5), Coping Skills 2, (6) Making lifestyle changes, (7) Generating income. Social support persons attend up to five sessions over the course of six weeks.
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Intervention Acceptability Score
|
2.77 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.43
|
2.81 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.37
|
—
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline to six months post-interventionPopulation: Enrolled MMT clients only
Number of missed methadone doses in the past 30 days among MMT clients only as assessed by MMT client clinical records
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (MMT Clients)
n=20 Participants
MMT participants will attend seven sessions over the course of six weekly sessions to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Social Support Persons)
Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to five sessions over the course of six weekly sessions.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Intervention Counselors)
MMT participants attended six sessions over the course of six weeks to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals. Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to four sessions over the course of six weeks.
Supportive care through community support persons: The adapted B-SBNT involves families and the wider social networks of people receiving MMT to support recovery. Key components of the intervention include: mapping the social networks of clients; inviting others identified through the mapping to participate in the intervention; building communication strategies with network members; and developing joint activities with network members, e.g., income-generating activities. MMT client participants attend seven sessions over the course of six weeks: (1) Introduction, (2) Working in a social network-based setting, (3) Setting drinking and drug use goals, (4) Coping skills 1, (5), Coping Skills 2, (6) Making lifestyle changes, (7) Generating income. Social support persons attend up to five sessions over the course of six weeks.
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Number of Missed Methadone Doses
|
7.9 doses
Standard Deviation 10.8
|
—
|
—
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline and 6 months post-interventionPopulation: MMT clients with confirmed HIV positive status
Clinic pharmacy log data were used to assess participants who received all prescribed antiretroviral therapy (ART) refills in the past 6 months.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (MMT Clients)
n=5 Participants
MMT participants will attend seven sessions over the course of six weekly sessions to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Social Support Persons)
Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to five sessions over the course of six weekly sessions.
|
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Intervention Counselors)
MMT participants attended six sessions over the course of six weeks to build social support systems and make progress toward drinking and drug use goals. Social support persons identified by participating MMT clients will jointly attend up to four sessions over the course of six weeks.
Supportive care through community support persons: The adapted B-SBNT involves families and the wider social networks of people receiving MMT to support recovery. Key components of the intervention include: mapping the social networks of clients; inviting others identified through the mapping to participate in the intervention; building communication strategies with network members; and developing joint activities with network members, e.g., income-generating activities. MMT client participants attend seven sessions over the course of six weeks: (1) Introduction, (2) Working in a social network-based setting, (3) Setting drinking and drug use goals, (4) Coping skills 1, (5), Coping Skills 2, (6) Making lifestyle changes, (7) Generating income. Social support persons attend up to five sessions over the course of six weeks.
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Participants Who Obtained All Prescribed ART Refills in Past 6 Months
Baseline
|
5 Participants
|
—
|
—
|
|
Participants Who Obtained All Prescribed ART Refills in Past 6 Months
6-month follow-up
|
5 Participants
|
—
|
—
|
Adverse Events
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (MMT Clients)
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Supportive Care Through Social Support Persons (Social Support Persons)
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place