Imaging vs. no Testing in Asymptomatic High-risk Diabetic Patients
NCT ID: NCT04388280
Last Updated: 2021-08-18
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.
UNKNOWN
NA
400 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2021-01-28
2023-12-31
Brief Summary
Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.
Related Clinical Trials
Explore similar clinical trials based on study characteristics and research focus.
Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease in High Risk Diabetic Patients
NCT00202670
Safety and Cost-efficiëncy of New Imaging Techniques in Patients Suspected of Coronary Artery Disease
NCT04939207
Evaluation of the Functional Impact of Coronary Stenoses in Diabetics by Spectral CT
NCT05471687
Imaging Modalities in Detection of Coronary Artery Disease in End-stage Renal Disease Patients
NCT00726921
High Risk Atherosclerosis Identified at Cardiac CT Among Patients With vs Without Family History of CAD
NCT07172308
Detailed Description
Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.
According to new 2019 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) / European Association for the study of diabetes (EASD) guidelines for diabetes, pre-diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (2) individuals with DM and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), or DM with target organ damage, such as proteinuria or renal failure (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) \<30 mL/min/1.73 m2), are at very high risk (10-year risk of CVD death \>10%). Patients with DM with three or more major risk factors, or with a DM duration of \>20 years, are also at very high risk. Type 1 DM at the age of 40 years with early onset (i.e. 1-10 years of age) and particularly female are associated with very high CV risk (2). Most others with DM are high risk, 10 year risk of cardiovascular diseases death (CVD) 5-10%, with the exception of young patients (aged \<35 years) with type 1 DM of short duration (\<10 years), and patients with type 2 DM aged \<50 years with a DM duration of \<10 years and without major risk factors, who are at moderate risk.
Screening for asymptomatic CAD in patients with DM remains controversial. According to current guidelines only resting ECG is recommended in patients with suspected CVD, whereas computed tomography (CT) angiography or functional imaging (radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, or physical or pharmacological stress echocardiography) may be considered (class IIb) in asymptomatic patients with DM for screening of coronary artery disease (CAD) (2). With CT, non-invasive estimation of the atherosclerotic burden (based on the coronary artery calcium score) and identification of atherosclerotic plaques causing significant coronary stenosis (CT angiography) can be performed. Patients with DM have a higher prevalence of coronary artery calcification compared with age- and sex-matched subjects without DM (3). While a coronary artery calcium (CAC) score of 0 is associated with favorable prognosis in asymptomatic subjects with DM, each increment in CAC score (from 1 - 99 to 100 - 399 and ≥400) is associated with a 25 - 33% higher relative risk of mortality (3). Importantly, CAC is not always associated with ischemia. Therefore, coronary artery calcium score may be considered as risk modifier in CV assessment in asymptomatic patients with moderate risk (2).
Stress testing with myocardial perfusion imaging or stress echocardiography allows the detection of myocardial ischemia, particularly silent form which is more prevalent in patients with DM as demonstrated by observational studies (22%) (4-6). Randomized trials evaluating the impact of routine screening for CAD in asymptomatic DM and no history of CAD have shown no differences in cardiac death and unstable angina at follow-up in those who underwent stress testing, or CT angiography (4,6,7). A meta-analysis of five randomized studies with 3299 asymptomatic subjects with DM showed that non-invasive imaging for CAD did not significantly reduce event rates of non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) (relative risk 0.65; P=0.062) and hospitalization for heart failure (HF) (relative risk 0.61;P=0.1) (8).Observed low event rates in these studies and the disparities in patient population and the management of screening results (different imaging techniques, invasive coronary angiography and revascularization were not performed systematically) may explain the lack of benefit of the screening strategy. Accordingly, routine screening of CAD in asymptomatic DM is not recommended (2, 8) However, stress testing or CT angiography may be indicated in very high-risk asymptomatic individuals (with peripheral arterial disease (PAD), a high CAC score, proteinuria, or renal failure) (9).
The addition of circulating biomarkers for CV risk assessment has limited clinical value (10). In patients with DM without known CVD, measurement of C-reactive protein or fibrinogen (inflammatory markers) provides minor incremental value to current risk assessment. The addition of hs troponin (Tn) T to conventional risk factors has not shown incremental discriminative power in this group (11). In individuals with type 1 DM, elevated high sensitive troponin T (hsTnT) was an independent predictor of renal decline and CV events (12). The prognostic value of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro BNP) in an unselected cohort of people with DM (including known CVD) showed that patients with low levels of NT-pro BNP (\<125 pg/mL) have an excellent short-term prognosis (13).
With emerging role of CT angiography in diagnosis of CAD according to the last 2019 ESC guidelines on Chronic coronary syndrome (14), as well as advanced functional imaging techniques, there is an obvious gap in evidence on prognostic value of both functional and angiographic advanced imaging techniques in patients with diabetes, particularly high risk subgroup.
The investigators hypothesized that a strategy using either functional evaluation with advanced stress echocardiography using wall motion abnormalities, coronary flow reserve and strain, or CT angiography visualization will lead to better outcome than no testing at all in asymptomatic high risk diabetic patients.
Conditions
See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.
Study Design
Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.
RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
DIAGNOSTIC
NONE
Study Groups
Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.
Imaging
Echocardiography combined with coronary flow reserve (CFR) and strain imaging, or computed tomography (CT) angiography with direct visualization of coronary arteries.
Echocardiography
Functional assessment of coronary artery disease
CT angiography
Anatomical assessment of coronary artery disease
Observation
No imaging for the estimation of coronary artery disease
No interventions assigned to this group
Interventions
Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.
Echocardiography
Functional assessment of coronary artery disease
CT angiography
Anatomical assessment of coronary artery disease
Other Intervention Names
Discover alternative or legacy names that may be used to describe the listed interventions across different sources.
Eligibility Criteria
Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.
Inclusion Criteria
Exclusion Criteria
* Any symptoms suggestive of angina or heart failure
* Patients with baseline ECG or echo abnormalities
* Patients with known CV disease, or previous myocardial revascularization
* Patients with target organ damage defined as proteinuria, renal impairment defined as eGFR \<30 mL/min/1.73 m2, left ventricular hypertrophy, or retinopathy
30 Years
80 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.
Clinical Centre of Serbia
OTHER
Responsible Party
Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.
Branko Beleslin
Clinical research
Principal Investigators
Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.
Branko Beleslin, MD, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Clinical Centre of Serbia
Nebojsa Lalic, MD, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Clinical Centre of Serbia
Milos Zarkovic, MD, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Clinical Centre of Serbia
Locations
Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.
Clinical Centre of Serbia
Belgrade, , Serbia
Countries
Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.
Central Contacts
Reach out to these primary contacts for questions about participation or study logistics.
Facility Contacts
Find local site contact details for specific facilities participating in the trial.
References
Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.
Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration; Sarwar N, Gao P, Seshasai SR, Gobin R, Kaptoge S, Di Angelantonio E, Ingelsson E, Lawlor DA, Selvin E, Stampfer M, Stehouwer CD, Lewington S, Pennells L, Thompson A, Sattar N, White IR, Ray KK, Danesh J. Diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose concentration, and risk of vascular disease: a collaborative meta-analysis of 102 prospective studies. Lancet. 2010 Jun 26;375(9733):2215-22. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60484-9.
Cosentino F, Grant PJ, Aboyans V, Bailey CJ, Ceriello A, Delgado V, Federici M, Filippatos G, Grobbee DE, Hansen TB, Huikuri HV, Johansson I, Juni P, Lettino M, Marx N, Mellbin LG, Ostgren CJ, Rocca B, Roffi M, Sattar N, Seferovic PM, Sousa-Uva M, Valensi P, Wheeler DC; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2019 ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD. Eur Heart J. 2020 Jan 7;41(2):255-323. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz486. No abstract available.
Valenti V, Hartaigh BO, Cho I, Schulman-Marcus J, Gransar H, Heo R, Truong QA, Shaw LJ, Knapper J, Kelkar AA, Sciarretta S, Chang HJ, Callister TQ, Min JK. Absence of Coronary Artery Calcium Identifies Asymptomatic Diabetic Individuals at Low Near-Term But Not Long-Term Risk of Mortality: A 15-Year Follow-Up Study of 9715 Patients. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Feb;9(2):e003528. doi: 10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.115.003528.
Wackers FJ, Young LH, Inzucchi SE, Chyun DA, Davey JA, Barrett EJ, Taillefer R, Wittlin SD, Heller GV, Filipchuk N, Engel S, Ratner RE, Iskandrian AE; Detection of Ischemia in Asymptomatic Diabetics Investigators. Detection of silent myocardial ischemia in asymptomatic diabetic subjects: the DIAD study. Diabetes Care. 2004 Aug;27(8):1954-61. doi: 10.2337/diacare.27.8.1954.
Zellweger MJ, Maraun M, Osterhues HH, Keller U, Muller-Brand J, Jeger R, Pfister O, Burkard T, Eckstein F, von Felten S, Osswald S, Pfisterer M. Progression to overt or silent CAD in asymptomatic patients with diabetes mellitus at high coronary risk: main findings of the prospective multicenter BARDOT trial with a pilot randomized treatment substudy. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014 Oct;7(10):1001-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2014.07.010. Epub 2014 Sep 17.
Lievre MM, Moulin P, Thivolet C, Rodier M, Rigalleau V, Penfornis A, Pradignac A, Ovize M; DYNAMIT investigators. Detection of silent myocardial ischemia in asymptomatic patients with diabetes: results of a randomized trial and meta-analysis assessing the effectiveness of systematic screening. Trials. 2011 Jan 26;12:23. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-12-23.
Young LH, Wackers FJ, Chyun DA, Davey JA, Barrett EJ, Taillefer R, Heller GV, Iskandrian AE, Wittlin SD, Filipchuk N, Ratner RE, Inzucchi SE; DIAD Investigators. Cardiac outcomes after screening for asymptomatic coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: the DIAD study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2009 Apr 15;301(15):1547-55. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.476.
Clerc OF, Fuchs TA, Stehli J, Benz DC, Grani C, Messerli M, Giannopoulos AA, Buechel RR, Luscher TF, Pazhenkottil AP, Kaufmann PA, Gaemperli O. Non-invasive screening for coronary artery disease in asymptomatic diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2018 Aug 1;19(8):838-846. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jey014.
Authors/Task Force Members; Ryden L, Grant PJ, Anker SD, Berne C, Cosentino F, Danchin N, Deaton C, Escaned J, Hammes HP, Huikuri H, Marre M, Marx N, Mellbin L, Ostergren J, Patrono C, Seferovic P, Uva MS, Taskinen MR, Tendera M, Tuomilehto J, Valensi P, Zamorano JL; ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG); Zamorano JL, Achenbach S, Baumgartner H, Bax JJ, Bueno H, Dean V, Deaton C, Erol C, Fagard R, Ferrari R, Hasdai D, Hoes AW, Kirchhof P, Knuuti J, Kolh P, Lancellotti P, Linhart A, Nihoyannopoulos P, Piepoli MF, Ponikowski P, Sirnes PA, Tamargo JL, Tendera M, Torbicki A, Wijns W, Windecker S; Document Reviewers; De Backer G, Sirnes PA, Ezquerra EA, Avogaro A, Badimon L, Baranova E, Baumgartner H, Betteridge J, Ceriello A, Fagard R, Funck-Brentano C, Gulba DC, Hasdai D, Hoes AW, Kjekshus JK, Knuuti J, Kolh P, Lev E, Mueller C, Neyses L, Nilsson PM, Perk J, Ponikowski P, Reiner Z, Sattar N, Schachinger V, Scheen A, Schirmer H, Stromberg A, Sudzhaeva S, Tamargo JL, Viigimaa M, Vlachopoulos C, Xuereb RG. ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD: the Task Force on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and developed in collaboration with the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Eur Heart J. 2013 Oct;34(39):3035-87. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht108. Epub 2013 Aug 30. No abstract available.
Piepoli MF, Hoes AW, Agewall S, Albus C, Brotons C, Catapano AL, Cooney MT, Corra U, Cosyns B, Deaton C, Graham I, Hall MS, Hobbs FDR, Lochen ML, Lollgen H, Marques-Vidal P, Perk J, Prescott E, Redon J, Richter DJ, Sattar N, Smulders Y, Tiberi M, van der Worp HB, van Dis I, Verschuren WMM, Binno S; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: The Sixth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of 10 societies and by invited experts)Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur Heart J. 2016 Aug 1;37(29):2315-2381. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw106. Epub 2016 May 23. No abstract available.
Price AH, Weir CJ, Welsh P, McLachlan S, Strachan MWJ, Sattar N, Price JF. Comparison of non-traditional biomarkers, and combinations of biomarkers, for vascular risk prediction in people with type 2 diabetes: The Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study. Atherosclerosis. 2017 Sep;264:67-73. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.07.009. Epub 2017 Jul 12.
Galsgaard J, Persson F, Hansen TW, Jorsal A, Tarnow L, Parving HH, Rossing P. Plasma high-sensitivity troponin T predicts end-stage renal disease and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients with type 1 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy. Kidney Int. 2017 Nov;92(5):1242-1248. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2017.04.018. Epub 2017 Jul 14.
Huelsmann M, Neuhold S, Strunk G, Moertl D, Berger R, Prager R, Abrahamian H, Riedl M, Pacher R, Luger A, Clodi M. NT-proBNP has a high negative predictive value to rule-out short-term cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes mellitus. Eur Heart J. 2008 Sep;29(18):2259-64. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehn334. Epub 2008 Jul 23.
Knuuti J, Wijns W, Saraste A, Capodanno D, Barbato E, Funck-Brentano C, Prescott E, Storey RF, Deaton C, Cuisset T, Agewall S, Dickstein K, Edvardsen T, Escaned J, Gersh BJ, Svitil P, Gilard M, Hasdai D, Hatala R, Mahfoud F, Masip J, Muneretto C, Valgimigli M, Achenbach S, Bax JJ; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J. 2020 Jan 14;41(3):407-477. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz425. No abstract available.
Related Links
Access external resources that provide additional context or updates about the study.
Chow S, Shao J, Wand H. Sample size calculations in clinical research. 2nd edition. 2008.
Other Identifiers
Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.
485/20
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
More Related Trials
Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.