Trial Outcomes & Findings for COVID-19 Health Messaging to Underserved Communities (NCT NCT04371419)
NCT ID: NCT04371419
Last Updated: 2021-07-27
Results Overview
Incidence rate for knowledge gaps is the count of knowledge gaps divided by the maximum possible count: 7
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
14267 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
The outcome was measured immediately following the intervention in the 15-minute baseline survey.
Results posted on
2021-07-27
Participant Flow
Individuals were recruited throughout the United States by the survey company Lucid from 13 May to 26 May 2020. Only persons aged 18 years or older and self-identifying as Black or Latinx were eligible.
The trial sample was enrolled from 13 May 2020 through 26 May 2020. Of 35,987 persons screened, 20,925 were eligible for participation (15,062 who would have been eligible were excluded because the demographic quotas were met); 5,450 individuals did not consent or failed both basic attention checks, and 1,208 left the survey before randomization. Out of 14,267 participants enrolled and randomized,123 participants did not answer one or more baseline questions and were excluded from analysis.
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Control - CDC - Mask (Control) - Concordant
Control Intro, CDC Social Distancing, Mask Control version delivered by minority doctor of same background as the recipient - other definitions are similar
Messaging: o The video messages each participant in one of the treatment groups sees will be randomized on the following dimensions. The different versions are clearly demarcated in the US Doctors Scripts document.
* Racial or ethnic identity of the doctor delivering the messages: concordant vs. discordant identity to the subject.
* Whether the message includes an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system or fear of deportation.
* Whether the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC or recorded by the MGH physicians.
* Whether individuals are given information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color. This information comes from results of our nationally representative pilot survey.
* Some individuals in a control group will see messages later.
|
Control - CDC - Mask (Control) - Discordant
Control Intro, CDC Social Distancing, Mask Control version delivered by majority doctor of different background as the recipient - other definitions are similar
Messaging: o The video messages each participant in one of the treatment groups sees will be randomized on the following dimensions. The different versions are clearly demarcated in the US Doctors Scripts document.
* Racial or ethnic identity of the doctor delivering the messages: concordant vs. discordant identity to the subject.
* Whether the message includes an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system or fear of deportation.
* Whether the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC or recorded by the MGH physicians.
* Whether individuals are given information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color. This information comes from results of our nationally representative pilot survey.
* Some individuals in a control group will see messages later.
|
Control - MGH - Mask (Control) - Concordant
Control Intro, MGH Social Distancing, Mask Control version delivered by concordant doctor
Messaging: o The video messages each participant in one of the treatment groups sees will be randomized on the following dimensions. The different versions are clearly demarcated in the US Doctors Scripts document.
* Racial or ethnic identity of the doctor delivering the messages: concordant vs. discordant identity to the subject.
* Whether the message includes an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system or fear of deportation.
* Whether the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC or recorded by the MGH physicians.
* Whether individuals are given information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color. This information comes from results of our nationally representative pilot survey.
* Some individuals in a control group will see messages later.
|
Control - MGH - Mask (Control) - Discordant
Control Intro, MGH Social Distancing, Mask Control version delivered by discordant doctor
Messaging: o The video messages each participant in one of the treatment groups sees will be randomized on the following dimensions. The different versions are clearly demarcated in the US Doctors Scripts document.
* Racial or ethnic identity of the doctor delivering the messages: concordant vs. discordant identity to the subject.
* Whether the message includes an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system or fear of deportation.
* Whether the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC or recorded by the MGH physicians.
* Whether individuals are given information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color. This information comes from results of our nationally representative pilot survey.
* Some individuals in a control group will see messages later.
|
Ack. Discrimination- MGH - Mask (Control) - Concordant
Introduction Acknowledges past discrimination, MGH doctor talks about Social Distancing, Mask Control all by concordant MD
Messaging: o The video messages each participant in one of the treatment groups sees will be randomized on the following dimensions. The different versions are clearly demarcated in the US Doctors Scripts document.
* Racial or ethnic identity of the doctor delivering the messages: concordant vs. discordant identity to the subject.
* Whether the message includes an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system or fear of deportation.
* Whether the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC or recorded by the MGH physicians.
* Whether individuals are given information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color. This information comes from results of our nationally representative pilot survey.
* Some individuals in a control group will see messages later.
|
Ack. Discrimination- MGH - Mask (Control) - Discordant
Introduction Acknowledges past discrimination, MGH doctor talks about Social Distancing, Mask Control all by discordant MD
Messaging: o The video messages each participant in one of the treatment groups sees will be randomized on the following dimensions. The different versions are clearly demarcated in the US Doctors Scripts document.
* Racial or ethnic identity of the doctor delivering the messages: concordant vs. discordant identity to the subject.
* Whether the message includes an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system or fear of deportation.
* Whether the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC or recorded by the MGH physicians.
* Whether individuals are given information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color. This information comes from results of our nationally representative pilot survey.
* Some individuals in a control group will see messages later.
|
Ack. Econ. Circumstance- MGH - Mask (Control ) Concordant
Intro econ. circumstance -MGH - Mask (Control ) Concordant
Messaging: o The video messages each participant in one of the treatment groups sees will be randomized on the following dimensions. The different versions are clearly demarcated in the US Doctors Scripts document.
* Racial or ethnic identity of the doctor delivering the messages: concordant vs. discordant identity to the subject.
* Whether the message includes an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system or fear of deportation.
* Whether the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC or recorded by the MGH physicians.
* Whether individuals are given information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color. This information comes from results of our nationally representative pilot survey.
* Some individuals in a control group will see messages later.
|
Ack. Econ. Circumstance - MGH - Mask (Control ) Discordant
Messaging: o The video messages each participant in one of the treatment groups sees will be randomized on the following dimensions. The different versions are clearly demarcated in the US Doctors Scripts document.
* Racial or ethnic identity of the doctor delivering the messages: concordant vs. discordant identity to the subject.
* Whether the message includes an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system or fear of deportation.
* Whether the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC or recorded by the MGH physicians.
* Whether individuals are given information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color. This information comes from results of our nationally representative pilot survey.
* Some individuals in a control group will see messages later.
|
Control Intro - CDC - Mask (antiStigma) Concordant
Control Intro - CDC - Mask (antiStigma) Concordant messenger
Messaging: o The video messages each participant in one of the treatment groups sees will be randomized on the following dimensions. The different versions are clearly demarcated in the US Doctors Scripts document.
* Racial or ethnic identity of the doctor delivering the messages: concordant vs. discordant identity to the subject.
* Whether the message includes an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system or fear of deportation.
* Whether the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC or recorded by the MGH physicians.
* Whether individuals are given information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color. This information comes from results of our nationally representative pilot survey.
* Some individuals in a control group will see messages later.
|
Control Intro - CDC - Mask (antiStigma) Discordant
Control Intro - CDC - Mask (antiStigma) discordant messenger
Messaging: o The video messages each participant in one of the treatment groups sees will be randomized on the following dimensions. The different versions are clearly demarcated in the US Doctors Scripts document.
* Racial or ethnic identity of the doctor delivering the messages: concordant vs. discordant identity to the subject.
* Whether the message includes an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system or fear of deportation.
* Whether the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC or recorded by the MGH physicians.
* Whether individuals are given information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color. This information comes from results of our nationally representative pilot survey.
* Some individuals in a control group will see messages later.
|
Control - MGH - MaskS (antiStigma) Concordant Messenger
Control - MGH - MaskS (antiStigma) Concordant sender
Messaging: o The video messages each participant in one of the treatment groups sees will be randomized on the following dimensions. The different versions are clearly demarcated in the US Doctors Scripts document.
* Racial or ethnic identity of the doctor delivering the messages: concordant vs. discordant identity to the subject.
* Whether the message includes an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system or fear of deportation.
* Whether the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC or recorded by the MGH physicians.
* Whether individuals are given information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color. This information comes from results of our nationally representative pilot survey.
* Some individuals in a control group will see messages later.
|
Control- MGH-MaskS (antiStigma) Discordant Messenger
Control - MGH - MaskS (antiStigma) Discordant sender
Messaging: o The video messages each participant in one of the treatment groups sees will be randomized on the following dimensions. The different versions are clearly demarcated in the US Doctors Scripts document.
* Racial or ethnic identity of the doctor delivering the messages: concordant vs. discordant identity to the subject.
* Whether the message includes an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system or fear of deportation.
* Whether the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC or recorded by the MGH physicians.
* Whether individuals are given information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color. This information comes from results of our nationally representative pilot survey.
* Some individuals in a control group will see messages later.
|
Ack. Discrimination - MGH - MaskS (antiStigma) Concordant
Acknowledge Discrimination - MGH - MaskS (antiStigma) Concordant sender
Messaging: o The video messages each participant in one of the treatment groups sees will be randomized on the following dimensions. The different versions are clearly demarcated in the US Doctors Scripts document.
* Racial or ethnic identity of the doctor delivering the messages: concordant vs. discordant identity to the subject.
* Whether the message includes an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system or fear of deportation.
* Whether the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC or recorded by the MGH physicians.
* Whether individuals are given information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color. This information comes from results of our nationally representative pilot survey.
* Some individuals in a control group will see messages later.
|
Ack. Discrimination - MGH - MaskS (antiStigma) Discordant
Acknowledge Discrimination - MGH - MaskS (antiStigma) Discordant sender
Messaging: o The video messages each participant in one of the treatment groups sees will be randomized on the following dimensions. The different versions are clearly demarcated in the US Doctors Scripts document.
* Racial or ethnic identity of the doctor delivering the messages: concordant vs. discordant identity to the subject.
* Whether the message includes an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system or fear of deportation.
* Whether the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC or recorded by the MGH physicians.
* Whether individuals are given information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color. This information comes from results of our nationally representative pilot survey.
* Some individuals in a control group will see messages later.
|
Ack. Econ Hardship- MGH - Mask (antiStigma) Concordant
Acknowledge Econ Hardship- MGH - Mask (antiStigma) Concordant sender
Messaging: o The video messages each participant in one of the treatment groups sees will be randomized on the following dimensions. The different versions are clearly demarcated in the US Doctors Scripts document.
* Racial or ethnic identity of the doctor delivering the messages: concordant vs. discordant identity to the subject.
* Whether the message includes an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system or fear of deportation.
* Whether the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC or recorded by the MGH physicians.
* Whether individuals are given information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color. This information comes from results of our nationally representative pilot survey.
* Some individuals in a control group will see messages later.
|
Ack. Econ Hardship- MGH - Mask (antiStigma) Discordant
Acknowledge Econ Hardship- MGH - Mask (antiStigma) discordant sender
Messaging: o The video messages each participant in one of the treatment groups sees will be randomized on the following dimensions. The different versions are clearly demarcated in the US Doctors Scripts document.
* Racial or ethnic identity of the doctor delivering the messages: concordant vs. discordant identity to the subject.
* Whether the message includes an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system or fear of deportation.
* Whether the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC or recorded by the MGH physicians.
* Whether individuals are given information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color. This information comes from results of our nationally representative pilot survey.
* Some individuals in a control group will see messages later.
|
Info Later - Pure Control
This group will not receive the videos but will receive information later.
Messaging: o The video messages each participant in one of the treatment groups sees will be randomized on the following dimensions. The different versions are clearly demarcated in the US Doctors Scripts document.
* Racial or ethnic identity of the doctor delivering the messages: concordant vs. discordant identity to the subject.
* Whether the message includes an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system or fear of deportation.
* Whether the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC or recorded by the MGH physicians.
* Whether individuals are given information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color. This information comes from results of our nationally representative pilot survey.
* Some individuals in a control group will see messages later.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
784
|
791
|
780
|
778
|
777
|
788
|
783
|
788
|
779
|
780
|
782
|
790
|
779
|
786
|
781
|
781
|
1617
|
|
Overall Study
Completed the Knowledge Questions
|
663
|
669
|
673
|
664
|
666
|
683
|
664
|
679
|
670
|
655
|
656
|
692
|
664
|
687
|
652
|
652
|
1526
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
641
|
636
|
639
|
631
|
644
|
654
|
639
|
658
|
649
|
621
|
626
|
662
|
633
|
660
|
626
|
625
|
1450
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
143
|
155
|
141
|
147
|
133
|
134
|
144
|
130
|
130
|
159
|
156
|
128
|
146
|
126
|
155
|
156
|
167
|
Reasons for withdrawal
Withdrawal data not reported
Baseline Characteristics
The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Study Participants - Control
n=1617 Participants
Study participants who are assigned to a pure control group
|
Study Participants - Any Intervention
n=12527 Participants
Study participants who are assigned to any intervention groups
|
Total
n=14144 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
39.16 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.6 • n=1617 Participants
|
38.9 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.2 • n=12527 Participants
|
38.93 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.3 • n=14144 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Female
|
943 Participants
n=1617 Participants
|
7169 Participants
n=12527 Participants
|
8112 Participants
n=14144 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Male
|
674 Participants
n=1617 Participants
|
5358 Participants
n=12527 Participants
|
6032 Participants
n=14144 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
African American
|
1042 Participants
n=1617 Participants
|
7725 Participants
n=12527 Participants
|
8767 Participants
n=14144 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Latinx
|
575 Participants
n=1617 Participants
|
4802 Participants
n=12527 Participants
|
5377 Participants
n=14144 Participants
|
|
Region of Enrollment
United States
|
1617 participants
n=1617 Participants
|
12527 participants
n=12527 Participants
|
14144 participants
n=14144 Participants
|
|
Household size
|
3.23 person
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.7 • n=1617 Participants
|
3.21 person
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.7 • n=12527 Participants
|
3.22 person
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.7 • n=14144 Participants
|
|
Education index
|
4.53 scores on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.5 • n=1617 Participants
|
4.57 scores on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.5 • n=12527 Participants
|
4.56 scores on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.5 • n=14144 Participants
|
|
Likely to run out of money because of COVID-19
|
875 Participants
n=1617 Participants
|
6531 Participants
n=12527 Participants
|
7406 Participants
n=14144 Participants
|
|
Trouble paying for food
|
558 Participants
n=1617 Participants
|
4592 Participants
n=12527 Participants
|
5150 Participants
n=14144 Participants
|
|
Stratum
Female, age ≥45 y, coastal
|
164 Participants
n=1617 Participants
|
1154 Participants
n=12527 Participants
|
1318 Participants
n=14144 Participants
|
|
Stratum
Female, age ≥45 y, central
|
229 Participants
n=1617 Participants
|
1784 Participants
n=12527 Participants
|
2013 Participants
n=14144 Participants
|
|
Stratum
Female, age ≤44 y, coastal
|
223 Participants
n=1617 Participants
|
1787 Participants
n=12527 Participants
|
2010 Participants
n=14144 Participants
|
|
Stratum
Female, age ≤44 y, central
|
327 Participants
n=1617 Participants
|
2444 Participants
n=12527 Participants
|
2771 Participants
n=14144 Participants
|
|
Stratum
Male, age ≥45 y, coastal
|
96 Participants
n=1617 Participants
|
724 Participants
n=12527 Participants
|
820 Participants
n=14144 Participants
|
|
Stratum
Male, age ≥45 y, central
|
111 Participants
n=1617 Participants
|
885 Participants
n=12527 Participants
|
996 Participants
n=14144 Participants
|
|
Stratum
Male, age ≤44 y, coastal
|
199 Participants
n=1617 Participants
|
1740 Participants
n=12527 Participants
|
1939 Participants
n=14144 Participants
|
|
Stratum
Male, age ≤44 y, central
|
268 Participants
n=1617 Participants
|
2009 Participants
n=12527 Participants
|
2277 Participants
n=14144 Participants
|
|
Hispanic origin
Mexican, Mexican American, Chicano
|
387 Participants
n=575 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
3271 Participants
n=4802 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
3658 Participants
n=5377 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
|
Hispanic origin
Cuba
|
22 Participants
n=575 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
208 Participants
n=4802 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
230 Participants
n=5377 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
|
Hispanic origin
Argentina
|
8 Participants
n=575 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
74 Participants
n=4802 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
82 Participants
n=5377 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
|
Hispanic origin
Colombia
|
8 Participants
n=575 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
97 Participants
n=4802 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
105 Participants
n=5377 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
|
Hispanic origin
Ecuador
|
9 Participants
n=575 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
38 Participants
n=4802 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
47 Participants
n=5377 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
|
Hispanic origin
El Salvador
|
8 Participants
n=575 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
76 Participants
n=4802 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
84 Participants
n=5377 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
|
Hispanic origin
Guatemala
|
3 Participants
n=575 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
40 Participants
n=4802 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
43 Participants
n=5377 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
|
Hispanic origin
Nicaragua
|
5 Participants
n=575 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
19 Participants
n=4802 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
24 Participants
n=5377 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
|
Hispanic origin
Panama
|
2 Participants
n=575 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
20 Participants
n=4802 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
22 Participants
n=5377 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
|
Hispanic origin
Peru
|
8 Participants
n=575 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
55 Participants
n=4802 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
63 Participants
n=5377 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
|
Hispanic origin
Spain
|
27 Participants
n=575 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
189 Participants
n=4802 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
216 Participants
n=5377 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
|
Hispanic origin
Venezuela
|
9 Participants
n=575 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
50 Participants
n=4802 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
59 Participants
n=5377 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
|
Hispanic origin
Other country
|
73 Participants
n=575 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
608 Participants
n=4802 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
681 Participants
n=5377 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
|
Hispanic origin
Puerto Rico
|
6 Participants
n=575 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
57 Participants
n=4802 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
63 Participants
n=5377 Participants • The "Hispanic Origin" question is only applicable to Latinx participants.
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: The outcome was measured immediately following the intervention in the 15-minute baseline survey.Population: Any intervention was indeed an arm that included each sub arm of different types of message that we tested against a control and pre-specified in our study protocol and analysis plan to combine arms for analysis.
Incidence rate for knowledge gaps is the count of knowledge gaps divided by the maximum possible count: 7
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Study Participants - Control
n=1525 Participants
Study participants who are assigned to a pure control group
|
Study Participants - Any Intervention
n=10711 Participants
Study participants who are assigned to any intervention groups
|
Intervention 2: Video 2 Recorded by MGH Physician/Dr. Birx of the CDC - MGH Physician (Arm A)
Participants who were assigned to receive the social distancing component of the message is recorded by the MGH physicians.
|
Intervention 2: Video 2 Recorded by MGH Physician/Dr. Birx of the CDC - Dr. Birx of the CDC (Arm B)
Participants who were assigned to receive the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC.
|
Intervention 3: Received Acknowledgment of Discrimination - No (Arm A)
Participants who were NOT assigned to receive the message include an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system (African American participants) or fear of deportation (for Latinx participants)
|
Intervention 3: Received Acknowledgment of Discrimination - Yes (Arm B)
Participants who were assigned to receive the message include an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system (African American participants) or fear of deportation (for Latinx participants)
|
Intervention 4: Received Acknowledgment of Economic Inequalities - No (Arm A)
Participants who were NOT assigned to receive the message acknowledged economic hardships that were associated with tight living quarters and working in essential services.
|
Intervention 4: Received Acknowledgment of Economic Inequalities - Yes (Arm B)
Participants who were assigned to receive the message acknowledged economic hardships that were associated with tight living quarters and working in essential services.
|
Intervention 5: Received Information About Social Perception - No (Arm A)
Participants who were assigned to receive information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color.
|
Intervention 5: Received Information About Social Perception - Yes (Arm B)
Participants who were assigned to receive information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Incidence Rate for Knowledge Gaps: Control vs. Any Intervention
|
0.085 proportion of knowledge gaps
Interval 0.076 to 0.093
|
0.065 proportion of knowledge gaps
Interval 0.062 to 0.068
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: The outcome was measured immediately following the intervention in the 15-minute baseline survey.Population: Any intervention was indeed an arm that included each sub arm of different types of message that we tested against a control and pre-specified in our study protocol and analysis plan to combine arms for analysis.
Incidence rate for Information-seeking behavior is the count of links demanded divided by the maximum possible count: 10
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Study Participants - Control
n=1450 Participants
Study participants who are assigned to a pure control group
|
Study Participants - Any Intervention
n=10244 Participants
Study participants who are assigned to any intervention groups
|
Intervention 2: Video 2 Recorded by MGH Physician/Dr. Birx of the CDC - MGH Physician (Arm A)
Participants who were assigned to receive the social distancing component of the message is recorded by the MGH physicians.
|
Intervention 2: Video 2 Recorded by MGH Physician/Dr. Birx of the CDC - Dr. Birx of the CDC (Arm B)
Participants who were assigned to receive the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC.
|
Intervention 3: Received Acknowledgment of Discrimination - No (Arm A)
Participants who were NOT assigned to receive the message include an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system (African American participants) or fear of deportation (for Latinx participants)
|
Intervention 3: Received Acknowledgment of Discrimination - Yes (Arm B)
Participants who were assigned to receive the message include an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system (African American participants) or fear of deportation (for Latinx participants)
|
Intervention 4: Received Acknowledgment of Economic Inequalities - No (Arm A)
Participants who were NOT assigned to receive the message acknowledged economic hardships that were associated with tight living quarters and working in essential services.
|
Intervention 4: Received Acknowledgment of Economic Inequalities - Yes (Arm B)
Participants who were assigned to receive the message acknowledged economic hardships that were associated with tight living quarters and working in essential services.
|
Intervention 5: Received Information About Social Perception - No (Arm A)
Participants who were assigned to receive information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color.
|
Intervention 5: Received Information About Social Perception - Yes (Arm B)
Participants who were assigned to receive information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Incidence Rate for Information-seeking Behavior: Control vs. Any Intervention
|
0.335 proportion of links
Interval 0.318 to 0.352
|
0.344 proportion of links
Interval 0.338 to 0.351
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: The outcome was measured immediately following the intervention in the 15-minute baseline survey.Population: Each intervention indicated in Arm/Group Title was indeed an arm that included each sub arm of different types of message that we tested Arm A against Arm B, or vice versa, and pre-specified in our study protocol and analysis plan to combine arms for analysis. Arms A and B are indicated in each Arm/Group Title.
Incidence rate for knowledge gaps is the count of knowledge gaps divided by the maximum possible count: 7
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Study Participants - Control
n=5395 Participants
Study participants who are assigned to a pure control group
|
Study Participants - Any Intervention
n=5316 Participants
Study participants who are assigned to any intervention groups
|
Intervention 2: Video 2 Recorded by MGH Physician/Dr. Birx of the CDC - MGH Physician (Arm A)
n=8041 Participants
Participants who were assigned to receive the social distancing component of the message is recorded by the MGH physicians.
|
Intervention 2: Video 2 Recorded by MGH Physician/Dr. Birx of the CDC - Dr. Birx of the CDC (Arm B)
n=2670 Participants
Participants who were assigned to receive the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC.
|
Intervention 3: Received Acknowledgment of Discrimination - No (Arm A)
n=8010 Participants
Participants who were NOT assigned to receive the message include an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system (African American participants) or fear of deportation (for Latinx participants)
|
Intervention 3: Received Acknowledgment of Discrimination - Yes (Arm B)
n=2701 Participants
Participants who were assigned to receive the message include an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system (African American participants) or fear of deportation (for Latinx participants)
|
Intervention 4: Received Acknowledgment of Economic Inequalities - No (Arm A)
n=8058 Participants
Participants who were NOT assigned to receive the message acknowledged economic hardships that were associated with tight living quarters and working in essential services.
|
Intervention 4: Received Acknowledgment of Economic Inequalities - Yes (Arm B)
n=2653 Participants
Participants who were assigned to receive the message acknowledged economic hardships that were associated with tight living quarters and working in essential services.
|
Intervention 5: Received Information About Social Perception - No (Arm A)
n=5366 Participants
Participants who were assigned to receive information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color.
|
Intervention 5: Received Information About Social Perception - Yes (Arm B)
n=5345 Participants
Participants who were assigned to receive information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Incidence Rate for Knowledge Gaps by Intervention
|
0.066 proportion of knowledge gaps
Interval 0.061 to 0.07
|
0.065 proportion of knowledge gaps
Interval 0.061 to 0.069
|
0.065 proportion of knowledge gaps
Interval 0.061 to 0.068
|
0.068 proportion of knowledge gaps
Interval 0.061 to 0.074
|
0.066 proportion of knowledge gaps
Interval 0.063 to 0.07
|
0.063 proportion of knowledge gaps
Interval 0.057 to 0.069
|
0.066 proportion of knowledge gaps
Interval 0.063 to 0.07
|
0.063 proportion of knowledge gaps
Interval 0.057 to 0.069
|
0.066 proportion of knowledge gaps
Interval 0.062 to 0.071
|
0.065 proportion of knowledge gaps
Interval 0.06 to 0.069
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: The outcome was measured immediately following the intervention in the 15-minute baseline survey.Population: Each intervention indicated in Arm/Group Title was indeed an arm that included each sub arm of different types of message that we tested Arm A against Arm B, or vice versa, and pre-specified in our study protocol and analysis plan to combine arms for analysis. Arms A and B are indicated in each Arm/Group Title.
Incidence rate for Information-seeking behavior is the count of links demanded divided by the maximum possible count: 10
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Study Participants - Control
n=5147 Participants
Study participants who are assigned to a pure control group
|
Study Participants - Any Intervention
n=5097 Participants
Study participants who are assigned to any intervention groups
|
Intervention 2: Video 2 Recorded by MGH Physician/Dr. Birx of the CDC - MGH Physician (Arm A)
n=7697 Participants
Participants who were assigned to receive the social distancing component of the message is recorded by the MGH physicians.
|
Intervention 2: Video 2 Recorded by MGH Physician/Dr. Birx of the CDC - Dr. Birx of the CDC (Arm B)
n=2547 Participants
Participants who were assigned to receive the social distancing component of the message is delivered by Dr. Birx of the CDC.
|
Intervention 3: Received Acknowledgment of Discrimination - No (Arm A)
n=7653 Participants
Participants who were NOT assigned to receive the message include an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system (African American participants) or fear of deportation (for Latinx participants)
|
Intervention 3: Received Acknowledgment of Discrimination - Yes (Arm B)
n=2591 Participants
Participants who were assigned to receive the message include an acknowledgment of "elephant in the room" issues for each target group: trust in the medical system (African American participants) or fear of deportation (for Latinx participants)
|
Intervention 4: Received Acknowledgment of Economic Inequalities - No (Arm A)
n=7696 Participants
Participants who were NOT assigned to receive the message acknowledged economic hardships that were associated with tight living quarters and working in essential services.
|
Intervention 4: Received Acknowledgment of Economic Inequalities - Yes (Arm B)
n=2548 Participants
Participants who were assigned to receive the message acknowledged economic hardships that were associated with tight living quarters and working in essential services.
|
Intervention 5: Received Information About Social Perception - No (Arm A)
n=5142 Participants
Participants who were assigned to receive information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color.
|
Intervention 5: Received Information About Social Perception - Yes (Arm B)
n=5102 Participants
Participants who were assigned to receive information about how representative individuals perceive mask wearers of color.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Incidence Rate for Information-seeking Behavior by Intervention
|
0.336 proportion of links
Interval 0.327 to 0.346
|
0.353 proportion of links
Interval 0.343 to 0.362
|
0.343 proportion of links
Interval 0.336 to 0.351
|
0.348 proportion of links
Interval 0.335 to 0.362
|
0.346 proportion of links
Interval 0.338 to 0.353
|
0.341 proportion of links
Interval 0.328 to 0.354
|
0.344 proportion of links
Interval 0.337 to 0.352
|
0.345 proportion of links
Interval 0.332 to 0.358
|
0.345 proportion of links
Interval 0.336 to 0.355
|
0.344 proportion of links
Interval 0.334 to 0.353
|
Adverse Events
Control - CDC - Mask (Control) - Concordant
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Control - CDC - Mask (Control) - Discordant
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Control - MGH - Mask (Control) - Concordant
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Control - MGH - Mask (Control) - Discordant
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Ack. Discrimination- MGH - Mask (Control) - Concordant
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Ack. Discrimination- MGH - Mask (Control) - Discordant
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Ack. Econ. Circumstance- MGH - Mask (Control ) Concordant
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Ack. Econ. Circumstance - MGH - Mask (Control ) Discordant
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Control Intro - CDC - Mask (antiStigma) Concordant
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Control Intro - CDC - Mask (antiStigma) Discordant
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Control - MGH - MaskS (antiStigma) Concordant Messenger
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Control- MGH-MaskS (antiStigma) Discordant Messenger
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Ack. Discrimination - MGH - MaskS (antiStigma) Concordant
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Ack. Discrimination - MGH - MaskS (antiStigma) Discordant
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Ack. Econ Hardship- MGH - Mask (antiStigma) Concordant
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Ack. Econ Hardship- MGH - Mask (antiStigma) Discordant
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Info Later - Pure Control
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Pierre-Luc Vautrey
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Phone: (617) 258-7013
Email: [email protected]
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place