Trial Outcomes & Findings for Nuts and Oil Pilot Study (NCT NCT04361617)

NCT ID: NCT04361617

Last Updated: 2023-09-18

Results Overview

To characterize the relationship between MetS and epigenetic aging, we will examine epigenetic age acceleration prevalence among the 50 participants with metabolic syndrome.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

34 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

In-person 1 day assessment visit

Results posted on

2023-09-18

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
Half of the intervention participants will be randomly selected to be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
No Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
The other half of intervention participants will not be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
Overall Study
STARTED
17
17
Overall Study
COMPLETED
17
16
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
0
1

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
Half of the intervention participants will be randomly selected to be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
No Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
The other half of intervention participants will not be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
0
1

Baseline Characteristics

Nuts and Oil Pilot Study

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
n=17 Participants
Half of the intervention participants will be randomly selected to be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
No Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
n=17 Participants
The other half of intervention participants will not be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
Total
n=34 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
65 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11 • n=5 Participants
70 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8 • n=7 Participants
68 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
12 Participants
n=5 Participants
8 Participants
n=7 Participants
20 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
5 Participants
n=5 Participants
9 Participants
n=7 Participants
14 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
17 Participants
n=5 Participants
17 Participants
n=7 Participants
34 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
7 Participants
n=7 Participants
13 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
11 Participants
n=5 Participants
8 Participants
n=7 Participants
19 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: In-person 1 day assessment visit

Population: 3 samples failed DNAm QC analyses - 1 sample failed QC analyses

To characterize the relationship between MetS and epigenetic aging, we will examine epigenetic age acceleration prevalence among the 50 participants with metabolic syndrome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
n=14 Participants
Half of the intervention participants will be randomly selected to be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
No Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
n=15 Participants
The other half of intervention participants will not be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
Proportion of Participants With MetS With Epigenetic Age Acceleration
0.21 proportion of participants AgeAccelGrim>
0.53 proportion of participants AgeAccelGrim>

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 4 weeks

Population: 3 samples failed DNAm QC analyses - 1 sample failed QC analyses

Adherence for each participant will be measured as the proportion of days in 4 weeks for which EVOO was taken

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
n=14 Participants
Half of the intervention participants will be randomly selected to be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
No Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
n=15 Participants
The other half of intervention participants will not be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
Proportion of Days for Which EVOO Was Taken
0.96 proportion of days
Standard Deviation 0.08
0.97 proportion of days
Standard Deviation 0.04

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 4 weeks

Population: 3 samples failed DNAm QC analyses - 1 sample failed QC analyses

Adherence for each participant will be measured as the proportion of days in 4 weeks for which nuts were taken

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
n=14 Participants
Half of the intervention participants will be randomly selected to be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
No Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
n=15 Participants
The other half of intervention participants will not be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
Proportion of Days for Which Nuts Were Taken
0.997 proportion of days
Standard Deviation 0.010
0.997 proportion of days
Standard Deviation 0.041

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 4 weeks

Population: 3 samples failed to generate DNAm data passing QC analyses 1 sample failed to generate DNAm data passing QC analyses

Adherence for each participant will be measured as the proportion of days in 4 weeks for which both nuts and of EVOO were taken

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
n=14 Participants
Half of the intervention participants will be randomly selected to be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
No Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
n=15 Participants
The other half of intervention participants will not be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
Proportion of Days for Which Nuts and EVOO Were Taken
0.948 proportion of days
Standard Deviation 0.076
0.967 proportion of days
Standard Deviation 0.041

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: After 4-week intervention

Population: % that would be able to continue eating the tree nuts and EVOO for a study like this lasting 3-4 years

Qualitative interview with open-ended questions designed to ascertain participant understanding of epigenetic age, and assess the challenges and motivators participants encountered during the intervention. Will be assessed using qualitative analysis methods.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
n=17 Participants
Half of the intervention participants will be randomly selected to be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
No Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
n=15 Participants
The other half of intervention participants will not be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
Percentage of Participants Would be Able to Continue Eating the Tree Nuts and EVOO for a Study Like This Lasting 3-4 Years
76 Percentage of Participants
93 Percentage of Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: In-person 1 day assessment visit vs. final 1 day visit after 4-week intervention

Population: 3 samples failed to generate DNAm data passing QC analyses - 1 sample failed to generate DNAm data passing QC analyses

The investigators will compare epigenetic age acceleration before and after the 4-week intervention via DNA methylation test.DNA methylation profiles (beta-value, after adjustment chip and position effects) at 1,030 unique DNA methylation profiles will be used for epigenetic age acceleration predictions, using the DNA GrimAge predictor. The investigators will calculate predicted lifespan and regress predicted lifespan on chronological age to produce estimates of epigenetic age acceleration.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
n=14 Participants
Half of the intervention participants will be randomly selected to be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
No Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
n=15 Participants
The other half of intervention participants will not be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
Changes in Epigenetic Age Acceleration
-0.2 AgeAccelGrim (years)
Standard Deviation 1.4
0.1 AgeAccelGrim (years)
Standard Deviation 1.3

Adverse Events

Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 2 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

No Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 3 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
n=17 participants at risk
Half of the intervention participants will be randomly selected to be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
No Epigenetic Age Knowledge Arm
n=17 participants at risk
The other half of intervention participants will not be informed of epigenetic age before the intervention. Daily consumption of tree nuts and extra virgin olive oil: All participants will receive a 4-week supply of extra virgin olive oil and tree nuts, including unsalted English walnuts, almonds or pistachios (approximately 3-day supply of each type). Participants will be asked to include in their normal diets these products and will be provided recipes and other information that will allow them to replace other foods with the nuts and oil. We will ask participants to consume one ounce of tree nuts per day and two tablespoons of EVOO per day by incorporating these foods into their diet.
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea
11.8%
2/17 • Number of events 3 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
11.8%
2/17 • Number of events 3 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Hyperglycemia
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 1 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Infections and infestations
Pruritus
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 1 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Vascular disorders
Hypotension
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 1 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Endocrine disorders
Weight Gain
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 1 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Gastrointestinal disorders
Indigestion
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 1 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Gastrointestinal disorders
Upset Stomach
11.8%
2/17 • Number of events 2 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Gastrointestinal disorders
bloating or increased bloating
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 5 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Gastrointestinal disorders
Increased stool frequency
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 1 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Loose Bowel movement
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 1 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Gastrointestinal disorders
Gas/Belching
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 3 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Eye disorders
Stye in eye
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 1 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Sinus HA with nose bleed
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 1 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Gastrointestinal disorders
Stomach bug with diarrhea
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 1 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Worsening knee pain and inflammation
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 1 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Lips raw on inside
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 1 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Carpal tunnel
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 1 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Gastrointestinal disorders
Decreased frequency of bowel movements
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 1 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Gastrointestinal disorders
Explosive bowel movement)
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 1 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Fatigue
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 1 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Infections and infestations
Infection- Leg sore
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 1 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Gastrointestinal disorders
Vomiting
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
11.8%
2/17 • Number of events 2 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Gastrointestinal disorders
Acid reflux/ increased acid reflux
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
5.9%
1/17 • Number of events 1 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
Gastrointestinal disorders
Constipation
0.00%
0/17 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit
11.8%
2/17 • Number of events 2 • Reporting time frame (ex. Baseline through 4 weeks): Intervention visit through final in person visit

Additional Information

Lindsay Reynolds, PhD

Wake Forest University Health Sciences

Phone: 336.713.1134

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place