Trial Outcomes & Findings for Internet and Telephone Support Intervention for Stroke Caregivers (NCT NCT04348851)
NCT ID: NCT04348851
Last Updated: 2020-06-02
Results Overview
Changes in depressive symptoms will be measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. The CES-D is a 20-item, 4-point Likert scale ranging from never (0) to most of the time (3). Possible scores range from 0-60 with higher scores indicating more symptoms. It has been used in numerous studies with caregivers and has good reliability and validity.
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
53 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
9 weeks after baseline
Results posted on
2020-06-02
Participant Flow
Participant milestones
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
The Registered Nurses (RNs) will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Post-Test 1
STARTED
|
13
|
13
|
13
|
14
|
|
Post-Test 1
COMPLETED
|
13
|
11
|
13
|
14
|
|
Post-Test 1
NOT COMPLETED
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
|
Post-Test 2
STARTED
|
13
|
11
|
13
|
14
|
|
Post-Test 2
COMPLETED
|
13
|
10
|
13
|
13
|
|
Post-Test 2
NOT COMPLETED
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
Reasons for withdrawal
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
The Registered Nurses (RNs) will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Post-Test 1
Withdrawal by Subject
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
|
Post-Test 1
Lost to Follow-up
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
|
Post-Test 2
Stroke survivor death
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
Baseline Characteristics
Internet and Telephone Support Intervention for Stroke Caregivers
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 Participants
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=14 Participants
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
Total
n=53 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
63.8 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.9 • n=93 Participants
|
58.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.0 • n=4 Participants
|
57.1 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.9 • n=27 Participants
|
61.9 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.5 • n=483 Participants
|
60.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.2 • n=36 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Female
|
12 Participants
n=93 Participants
|
13 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
12 Participants
n=27 Participants
|
12 Participants
n=483 Participants
|
49 Participants
n=36 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Male
|
1 Participants
n=93 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=27 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=483 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=36 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
|
1 Participants
n=93 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=27 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=483 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=36 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
|
12 Participants
n=93 Participants
|
13 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
12 Participants
n=27 Participants
|
14 Participants
n=483 Participants
|
51 Participants
n=36 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=483 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=36 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
|
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=483 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=36 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
|
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=483 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=36 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
|
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=483 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=36 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
|
6 Participants
n=93 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=27 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=483 Participants
|
14 Participants
n=36 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
|
7 Participants
n=93 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
10 Participants
n=27 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=483 Participants
|
36 Participants
n=36 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
|
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=483 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=36 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=483 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=36 Participants
|
|
Region of Enrollment
United States
|
13 participants
n=93 Participants
|
13 participants
n=4 Participants
|
13 participants
n=27 Participants
|
14 participants
n=483 Participants
|
53 participants
n=36 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 9 weeks after baselineChanges in depressive symptoms will be measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. The CES-D is a 20-item, 4-point Likert scale ranging from never (0) to most of the time (3). Possible scores range from 0-60 with higher scores indicating more symptoms. It has been used in numerous studies with caregivers and has good reliability and validity.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=11 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 Participants
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=14 Participants
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Depressive Symptoms
|
-2.31 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.80
|
1.00 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.52
|
.08 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 11.03
|
3.9 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.66
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 9 weeks after baselineChanges in burden will be measured by the Short Version of the Zarit Burden Interview (S-ZBI). This 12-item instrument was reduced from the original 29-item instrument. This instrument is scored on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (never) to 4 (nearly always). Possible scores range from 0-48 with higher scores indicating higher burden. The instrument was originally developed to measure dementia caregiver burden, but, the S-ZBI has been used in stroke caregiver studies and items are appropriate for other caregiver populations.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=11 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 Participants
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=14 Participants
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Caregiver Burden
|
-.92 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.33
|
.18 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.34
|
-.62 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.03
|
.14 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.10
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 25 weeks after baselineChange in depressive symptoms will be measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. The CES-D is a 20-item, 4-point Likert scale ranging from never (0) to most of the time (3). Possible scores range from 0-60 with higher scores indicating more symptoms. It has been used in numerous studies with caregivers and has good reliability and validity.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=10 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 Participants
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=13 Participants
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Depressive Symptoms
|
.92 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.88
|
-1.50 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.58
|
-3.46 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.65
|
1.92 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.87
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 25 weeks after baselineChanges in burden will be measured by the Short Version of the Zarit Burden Interview. This 12-item instrument was reduced from the original 29-item instrument. This instrument is scored on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (never) to 4 (nearly always). Possible scores range from 0-48 with higher scores indicating higher burden. The instrument was originally developed to measure dementia caregiver burden, but, the S-ZBI has been used in stroke caregiver studies and items are appropriate for other caregiver populations.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=10 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 Participants
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=13 Participants
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Caregiver Burden
|
-.08 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.36
|
-.40 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.52
|
-.38 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.39
|
-.54 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.5
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 9 weeks after baselineChanges in health-related quality of life will be measured by the Rand 12-item Health Survey (VR-12). The VR-12 items are scored on a 3-point or 5-point Likert scale ranging from. It consists of physical and emotional scales. Scores for each scale are calculated by using an algorithm and scores are standardized using a T-score metric with a mean of 50 and standard deviation of 10. Higher scores indicate better health-related quality of life.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=11 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 Participants
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=14 Participants
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Health-Related Quality of Life - Physical Scale
|
.70 T-score
Standard Deviation 5.66
|
1.91 T-score
Standard Deviation 6.77
|
-3.18 T-score
Standard Deviation 10.12
|
.50 T-score
Standard Deviation 7.23
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 9 weeks after baselineChanges in perceived stress will be measured by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4). The 4-item measure asses stress experienced in the last month on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (never) to 4 (very often). Scores range from 0-16, with higher scores indicating more stress.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=11 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 Participants
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=14 Participants
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Perceived Stress
|
1.23 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.49
|
.27 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.41
|
.15 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.54
|
1.86 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.44
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 9 weeks after baselineChange in stroke knowledge will be measured by the Stroke Knowledge Instrument developed by the National Institutes of Health. This 7-item tool consists of true/false and multiple choice responses. Scores range from 0-7, with higher scores indicating more stroke knowledge.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=11 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 Participants
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=14 Participants
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Stroke Knowledge
|
-.15 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.34
|
.27 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.01
|
.15 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.34
|
.29 score on a scale
Standard Deviation .99
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 9 weeks after baselineChanges in problem-solving abilities will be measured by the Social Problem-Solving Inventory - Short Form (SPSI-SF). The SPSI-SF is a 25-item tool consisting of five subscales (problem-solving orientation, rational problem-solving, negative problem-solving, impulsivity, avoidance style problem solving). Raw scores must first be converted to standard scores, which range from 0-20 for each of the 5 subscales. Higher scores on the problem-solving orientation and rational problem-solving scales indicate better problem-solving abilities, while higher scores on the negative problem-solving, impulsivity, and avoidance-style problem solving indicate worse problem-solving abilities. Total scores range from 0-100 with higher scores indicating better problem-solving abilities.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=11 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 Participants
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=14 Participants
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Changes in Problem-Solving Abilities
|
4.31 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.28
|
4.55 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.24
|
3.92 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.98
|
-1.07 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.45
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 9 weeks after baselineChanges in caregiving self-efficacy will be measured by the Caregiver Self-Efficacy Scale. This 14-item tool measures caregivers' judgments regarding their ability to perform effectively. Responses are binary (0=no, 1=yes) and scores range from 0-14, with higher scores indicating greater self-efficacy.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=11 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 Participants
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=14 Participants
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Caregiving Self-efficacy
|
-.23 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.54
|
.18 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.54
|
.77 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.17
|
-.71 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.07
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 9 weeks after baselineChange in Veteran functional abilities will be measured by the Barthel Index, which measures patients' abilities to perform 10 self-care tasks. Response options vary for each item and are scored on 5-point increments (e.g., 0=unable, 5=needs help, 10-independent). Total scores range from 0-100 with higher scores indicating greater functional abilities.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=11 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 Participants
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=14 Participants
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Veteran Functional Abilities
|
-1.92 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 14.51
|
2.27 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.32
|
4.62 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.23
|
1.43 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 11.17
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 25 weeks after baselineChanges in health-related quality of life will be measured by the Rand 12-item Health Survey (VR-12). The VR12 items are scored on a 3-point or 5-point Likert scale ranging from. It consists of physical and emotional scales. Scores for each scale are calculated by using an algorithm and scores are standardized using a T-score metric with a mean of 50 and standard deviation of 10. Higher scores indicate better health-related quality of life.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=10 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 Participants
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=13 Participants
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Health-Related Quality of Life - Physical Scale
|
-.48 T-score
Standard Deviation 8.14
|
1.11 T-score
Standard Deviation 8.96
|
-7.50 T-score
Standard Deviation 13.19
|
.16 T-score
Standard Deviation 5.87
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 25 weeks after baselineChanges in stress will be measured by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4). The 4-item measure asses stress experienced in the last month on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (never) to 4 (very often). Scores range from 0-16, with higher scores indicating more stress.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=10 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 Participants
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=13 Participants
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Perceived Stress
|
.92 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.60
|
.10 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.42
|
.54 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.99
|
1.15 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.12
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 25 weeks after baselineChange in stroke knowledge will be measured by the Stroke Knowledge Instrument developed by the National Institutes of Health. This 7-item tool consists of true/false and multiple choice responses. Scores range from 0-7, with higher scores indicating more stroke knowledge.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=10 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 Participants
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=13 Participants
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Stroke Knowledge
|
-.08 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.50
|
-.20 score on a scale
Standard Deviation .79
|
-.08 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.50
|
.15 score on a scale
Standard Deviation .69
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 25 weeks after baselineChanges in problem-solving abilities will be measured by the Social Problem-Solving Inventory - Short Form (SPSI-SF). The SPSI-SF is a 25-item tool consisting of five subscales (problem-solving orientation, rational problem-solving, negative problem-solving, impulsivity, avoidance style problem solving). Raw scores must first be converted to standard scores, which range from 0-20 for each of the 5 subscales. Higher scores on the problem-solving orientation and rational problem-solving scales indicate better problem-solving abilities, while higher scores on the negative problem-solving, impulsivity, and avoidance-style problem solving indicate worse problem-solving abilities. Total scores range from 0-100 with higher scores indicating better problem-solving abilities.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=10 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 Participants
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=13 Participants
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Problem-Solving Abilities
|
3.15 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 11.26
|
7.40 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.84
|
-1.77 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.57
|
-1.08 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.67
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 25 weeks after baselineChanges in caregiving self-efficacy are measured by the Caregiver Self-Efficacy Scale. This 14-item tool measures caregivers' judgments regarding their ability to perform effectively. Responses are binary (0=no, 1=yes) and scores range from 0-14, with higher scores indicating greater self-efficacy.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=10 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 Participants
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=13 Participants
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Caregiving Self-Efficacy
|
-.23 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.83
|
.20 score on a scale
Standard Deviation .92
|
.38 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.57
|
-.62 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.94
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 25 weeks after baselineChange in Veteran functional abilities will be measured by the Barthel Index, which measures patients' abilities to perform 10 self-care tasks. Response options vary for each item and are scored on 5-point increments (e.g., 0=unable, 5=needs help, 10-independent). Total scores range from 0-100 with higher scores indicating greater functional abilities.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=10 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 Participants
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=13 Participants
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Veteran Functional Abilities
|
-3.85 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 21.42
|
4.00 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.20
|
2.31 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 14.52
|
0.00 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 16.96
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 9 weeks after baselineChanges in health-related quality of life will be measured by the Rand 12-item Health Survey (VR-12). The VR12 items are scored on a 3-point or 5-point Likert scale ranging from. It consists of physical and emotional scales. Scores for each scale are calculated by using an algorithm and scores are standardized using a T-score metric with a mean of 50 and standard deviation of 10. Higher scores indicate better health-related quality of life.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=11 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 Participants
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=14 Participants
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Health-Related Quality of Life - Mental Scale
|
-1.28 T-score
Standard Deviation 9.86
|
.09 T-score
Standard Deviation 7.11
|
2.30 T-score
Standard Deviation 10.41
|
-1.98 T-score
Standard Deviation 8.35
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 25 weeks after baselineChanges in health-related quality of life will be measured by the Rand 12-item Health Survey (VR-12). The VR12 items are scored on a 3-point or 5-point Likert scale ranging from. It consists of physical and emotional scales. Scores for each scale are calculated by using an algorithm and scores are standardized using a T-score metric with a mean of 50 and standard deviation of 10. Higher scores indicate better health-related quality of life.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=10 Participants
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 Participants
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=13 Participants
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Health-Related Quality of Life - Mental Scale
|
1.44 T-score
Standard Deviation 7.74
|
-1.47 T-score
Standard Deviation 10.62
|
-4.32 T-score
Standard Deviation 16.77
|
-.99 T-score
Standard Deviation 8.37
|
Adverse Events
4-Week Intervention
Serious events: 1 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
8-Week Intervention
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
8-Week Attention Control
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Standard Care
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
| Measure |
4-Week Intervention
n=13 participants at risk
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Intervention
n=13 participants at risk
Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue/).
Caregiver problem-solving: Registered nurses will conduct the combined Internet and telephone intervention condition. The intervention is based on the relational/problem-solving model of stress originally developed by D-Zurilla and Nezu. The investigators will modify the traditional, problem-solving intervention by adding web-based training using interactive modules, factsheets, and tools on our national RESCUE Stroke Caregiver website. (http://www.cidrr8.research.va.gov/rescue
|
8-Week Attention Control
n=13 participants at risk
The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare provider.
Attention Control: The RNs will only provide active listening and paraphrasing. The RNs will ask caregivers to talk about their caregiver experiences. The nurses will not provide advice, but rather direct caregivers to access information on the Caregiver Family Alliance website (www.caregiver.org) for managing problems or to contact their healthcare
|
Standard Care
n=14 participants at risk
Caregivers receiving standard of care
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Nervous system disorders
Seizures
|
7.7%
1/13 • Number of events 1
|
0.00%
0/13
|
0.00%
0/13
|
0.00%
0/14
|
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Dr. Constance Uphold
North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System
Phone: 352-548-6000
Email: [email protected]
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place