The Role of Serotonin in Compulsive Behavior in Humans: Underlying Brain Mechanisms

NCT ID: NCT04336228

Last Updated: 2024-12-18

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

PHASE4

Total Enrollment

46 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2020-04-01

Study Completion Date

2027-12-31

Brief Summary

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The aim of this project is to investigate:

* The status of the central serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) system in compulsive behaviour and how it is affected by sub-chronic escitalopram administration
* The mechanisms underlying how sub-chronic administration of escitalopram affects the central 5-HT system
* How changes in cognitive performance, including the balance between habitual and goal-directed mechanisms, are affected in compulsive behaviour by boosting 5-HT function
* How functional brain changes in cognitive function measured with magnetic resonance imaging relate to altered 5-HT function following escitalopram administration.

Detailed Description

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Previous studies have shown that 5-HT is strongly implicated in compulsive behaviours in experimental animals. Manipulation of 5-HT influences neuronal interactions underlying action selection. Reduced forebrain 5-HT causes perseveration and impairs goal-directed behaviour under reward but not punishment. Dysfunctional 5-HT neurotransmission has also been implicated in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) based on the selective efficacy of relatively high doses of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in treating this disorder. Hitherto, it is unknown whether there is a primary defect in the serotonergic system or whether SSRIs ameliorate symptoms by modulating other brain neurotransmitter pathways. So far, only one study of central 5-HT release in OCD patients has been conducted and its methodology may be questioned.

A number of behavioural and cognitive features of OCD, including endophenotype markers that appear to characterise the disorder have been determined. These include a shift in cognitive control from a goal-directed strategy to a habitual (stimulus-response, S-R) strategy, cognitive rigidity in terms of both reversal learning and attentional set-shifting, impaired response inhibition and planning, and a tendency to over-respond to spurious negative feedback in a probabilistic learning paradigm. Neural substrates of these deficits are being investigated using brain imaging methodologies based on magnetic resonance and preliminary evidence suggests an over-active medial prefrontal cortex-caudate nucleus circuits and underactive lateral prefrontal cortex-putamen circuits. However, little evidence exists that relates to the hypothesis of an over-active habit system in this disorder or to the role of serotonin in all these cognitive and behavioural deficits observed in OCD and compulsivity in general.

Conditions

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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/High Compulsive Individuals Healthy Individuals

Keywords

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Serotonin Cognition Emotion Neural Activation

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Blinding Strategy

TRIPLE

Participants Investigators Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

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Healthy Control Group

The healthy placebo control group will be administered the exact same procedure as the intervention group, the only difference being that this group will be administered a placebo tablet.

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Placebo oral tablet

Intervention Type DRUG

20mg placebo tablet daily for 3-4 weeks.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / High Compulsivity Control Group

The OCD/high compulsivity placebo control group will be administered the exact same procedure as the intervention group, the only difference being that this group will be administered a placebo tablet.

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Placebo oral tablet

Intervention Type DRUG

20mg placebo tablet daily for 3-4 weeks.

Healthy Intervention Group

The healthy intervention group will be administered 20mg of Escitalopram daily for 3-4 weeks.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Escitalopram

Intervention Type DRUG

20mg daily for 3-4 weeks.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / High Compulsivity Intervention Group

The OCD/high compulsivity intervention group will be administered 20mg of Escitalopram daily for 3-4 weeks.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Escitalopram

Intervention Type DRUG

20mg daily for 3-4 weeks.

Interventions

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Escitalopram

20mg daily for 3-4 weeks.

Intervention Type DRUG

Placebo oral tablet

20mg placebo tablet daily for 3-4 weeks.

Intervention Type DRUG

Other Intervention Names

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Escitalopram STADA calcium tables

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Individuals with high scores on obsessive-compulsive traits (with or without a diagnosis of OCD established by a psychiatrist) and healthy volunteers (male or female) between 18 and 70 years. Compulsive individuals without an OCD diagnosis are individuals without a history of psychiatric or other major medical conditions but scoring abnormally high on the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (OCI) questionnaire.

Exclusion Criteria

* Current or previous neurological disease, severe somatic disease, or consumption of medical drugs likely to influence the test results
* Non- fluent in Danish or pronounced visual or auditory impairments
* Current or past learning disability.
* Pregnancy
* Lactation
* Participation in experiments with radioactivity (\> 10 mSv) within the last year or significant occupational exposure to radioactivity.
* Contraindications for MRI (pacemaker, metal implants, etc.).
* Allergy to the ingredients in the administered drug.
* Abnormal ECG (e.g. prolonged QT syndrome).
* Dizzy when changing from supine to upright position (e.g. postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome).
* Mild hypotension (blood pressure below 100/70 mmHg) or hypertension (blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg).
* Head injury or concussion resulting in loss of consciousness for more than 2 min.
* Alcohol or drug abuse
* Drug use other than tobacco and alcohol within the last 30 days.
* Hash \> 50 x lifetime.
* Drugs \> 10 x lifetime (for each substance).
* Current medication with serotonergic acting compounds. Use of other psychoactive substances must be stable at least one month prior to inclusion and maintained throughout the study.
* Severe physical impairments affecting eyesight or motor performance.
* For the OCD group: other Axis I mental disorder as primary diagnosis according to ICD-10 criteria.
* For healthy volunteers: any current or former primary psychiatric disorder (Axis I WHO ICD-10 diagnostic classification).
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

70 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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University of Cambridge

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Lundbeck Foundation

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Rigshospitalet, Denmark

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Gitte Moos Knudsen

Professor, MD, DMSc

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Gitte M. Knudsen, Professor

Role: STUDY_CHAIR

Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet

Locations

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Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet

Copenhagen, , Denmark

Site Status

Countries

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Denmark

References

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Provided Documents

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Document Type: Statistical Analysis Plan

View Document

Other Identifiers

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H-18038325

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id