Evaluation of Efficacy of Levamisole and Formoterol+Budesonide in Treatment of COVID-19

NCT ID: NCT04331470

Last Updated: 2020-04-13

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

UNKNOWN

Clinical Phase

PHASE2/PHASE3

Total Enrollment

30 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2020-04-04

Study Completion Date

2020-05-20

Brief Summary

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New Corona virus (COVID-19) has made a horrible situation for all of the countries. This disease is not only a health problem but also economy, culture and the whole entity of the countries is under attack by the virus. This disease seems to affect the body in two different pathology pathways. From one side virus can decrease activity of immune system in the blood stream and whole body and from other side it can attack the respiratory cells. Tissue biopsy shows that immune cells penetrate into the Lung tissue and we have accumulation and over activity of Immune cells in the lung. This inflammation in respiratory tract probably is the major cause of Cytokine storm and release of TNF-α and IL-6 into the blood.

It seems that by three strategy disease can be treated. 1- By using systemic immune simulators. 2- By using topical anti-inflammatory drug in the respiratory system (Steroids or NSAIDs) 3- By inhibition of replication of the virus in the attacked cells.

Detailed Description

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Looking at the pathology of this disease shows that COVID-19 virus binds to the Angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE II) which is located on the surface of different cells in the body and specially on the cells of respiratory system. This enzyme is responsible to turn angiotensin II into angiotensin1-7. It is also turns angiotensin I into angiotensin 1-9.

When ACEII would be blocked by virus level of angiotensin II will be increased and this enzyme along with vasoconstriction, makes cells to manufacture TNF α and IL-6 which are responsible for cytokine storm and Lymphopenia. Also presence of virus and virus shell on the surface of the infected cells make immune system to attack to the respiratory system hence effect of angiotensin II inside the cell causes fibrosis of the respiratory cells. This inflammation and tissue damage make Acute Respiratory Distress syndrome (ARDS) which is lethal for patients. There is a dilemma in treatment of this infection. From one side it doesn't make sense to decrease the immune response hence it will make the infection worse. And from other side stimulation of the immune response because of respiratory inflammation can expedite process of lethal ARDS. A new strategy for treatment of this disease which consists of local anti- inflammatory and systemic immune stimulant drugs can be considered as a reasonable strategy.As immunostimulator, Levamisole can increase Lymphocytes and empower the immunity of the body. This drug can also bind to Papaine Like Protease(PL-pro) of the shell of the virus which is necessary for virulence of COVID-19. It also can decrease level of TNF α and IL-6, and as a chemical adjutant can introduce the virus to the immune system. In addition to Levamisole, Formoterol+Budesonide inhaler can be used in this protocol. Budesonide is a steroid and can suppress the immune reaction locally in the respiratory system. Formoterol is β2 agonist and can open airways. It also can bind to PL-pro and can neutralize the virus according to the published articles.

Conditions

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COVID-19

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Study is two armed , double blind, parallel, randomized clinical trial.
Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Participants Outcome Assessors
All of the research team will be blind about the groups of study and position of patients in each group except of physician and main researcher. Files of patients which will be numbered using a random number table will be sent for analyzer of the study.Information about position of patients in the groups is masked from research team. Outcomes Assessor will receive the information of patients without any name in the file. Just when statistical analysis would be finished information of groups will be revealed.

Study Groups

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Levamisole Pill + Budesonide+Formoterol inhaler+Standard care

This group will take Levamisole + Budesonide/Formoterol along side with standard treatment regime.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Levamisole Pill + Budesonide+Formoterol inhaler

Intervention Type DRUG

Levamisole 50 mg tablet has to be taken 1-2 tablets every 8 hours Budesonide+Formoterol has to be inhaled 1-2 puff every 12 hours

Lopinavir/Ritonavir + hydoxychloroquine

Intervention Type DRUG

Hydroxy Chloroquine 200mg single dise Lopinavir/Ritonavir 2 tablets every 12 hours

Standard care

This group will take standard treatment regime introduced by Ministry of health.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Lopinavir/Ritonavir + hydoxychloroquine

Intervention Type DRUG

Hydroxy Chloroquine 200mg single dise Lopinavir/Ritonavir 2 tablets every 12 hours

Interventions

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Levamisole Pill + Budesonide+Formoterol inhaler

Levamisole 50 mg tablet has to be taken 1-2 tablets every 8 hours Budesonide+Formoterol has to be inhaled 1-2 puff every 12 hours

Intervention Type DRUG

Lopinavir/Ritonavir + hydoxychloroquine

Hydroxy Chloroquine 200mg single dise Lopinavir/Ritonavir 2 tablets every 12 hours

Intervention Type DRUG

Other Intervention Names

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Levamisole and Budesonide+Formoterol inhaler both are generic drugs. Kaletra+ Generic Hydroxy Chloroquine( Generic Drug)

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

Definitely positive COVID-19 patients

Exclusion Criteria

Patients with acute respiratory problems including patients with:

1. Spo2\<60%
2. Severe respiratory distress
3. Heamodynamic instabilitty
4. Acid base disturbance
5. Severe Anemia Patients with severe hepatic diseases Patients with Nurvous system diseases
Minimum Eligible Age

15 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

100 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Fasa University of Medical Sciences

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Dr. Siamack Afazeli

Doctor

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Siamack Afazeli

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Fasa University of Medical Sciences

Locations

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Vali-Asr Hospital

Fasa, Fars, Iran

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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Iran

Central Contacts

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Siamack Afazeli, Pharm.D

Role: CONTACT

+989121392982

Mojtaba Farjaam, MD

Role: CONTACT

+989177104789

Facility Contacts

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Jalal Karimi, PhD

Role: primary

+987153314026

Yousef Gholampoor, PhD

Role: backup

+987153314021

References

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Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Wu C, Liu Y, Yang Y, Zhang P, Zhong W, Wang Y, Wang Q, Xu Y, Li M, Li X, Zheng M, Chen L, Li H. Analysis of therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of potential drugs by computational methods. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2020 May;10(5):766-788. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.02.008. Epub 2020 Feb 27.

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Related Links

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https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.23.20026690

Potential inhibitors against papain-like protease of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) from FDA approved drugs

Other Identifiers

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97548

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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