Shortened Antibiotic Treatment of 5 Days in Gram-negative Bacteremia
NCT ID: NCT04291768
Last Updated: 2023-02-08
Study Results
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Basic Information
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RECRUITING
PHASE4
380 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2020-03-11
2026-10-01
Brief Summary
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Five days after initiation of antimicrobial therapy for GNB, participants are randomized 1:1 to parallel treatment arms: 5 days (intervention) or minimum 7 days (control) of antibiotic treatment. The intervention group discontinues antibiotics at day 5 if clinically stable and afebrile. The control group receives antibiotics for a duration of 7 days or longer at the discretion of the treating physician.
The primary outcome is 90-day survival without clinical or microbiological failure to treatment, which will be tested with a non inferiority margin of 10%.
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Detailed Description
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Methods and analysis: Investigator initiated multicenter, non-blinded, non-inferiority randomized controlled trial with two parallel treatment arms. One arm will receive shortened antibiotic treatment of 5 days and the other arm will receive standard antibiotic treatment of 7 days or longer. Randomization will occur in equal proportion (1:1) no later than day 5 of efficacious antibiotic treatment as determined by antibiogram. Immunosuppressed patients and those with GNB due to non-fermenting bacilli (Acinetobacter spp, Pseudomonas spp), Brucella spp, Fusobacterium spp or polymicrobial growth are ineligible.
Primary endpoint is 90-day survival without clinical or microbiological failure to treatment. Secondary endpoints include all-cause mortality, total duration of antibiotic treatment, hospital re-admission and Clostridioides difficile infection. Interim safety analysis will be performed after the recruitment of every 100 patients. Given an event rate of 12%, a margin of 10% and 90% power, the required sample size to determine non-inferiority is 380 patients. Analyses will be performed on both intention-to-treat and per-protocol populations.
Ethics and dissemination: Approval by Ethics Committee and National Competent Authorities will be obtained before initiation of the trial. Results of the main trial and each of the secondary endpoints will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.
Impact: Demonstration of non-inferiority will provide needed evidence to safely shorten antibiotic treatment duration in GNB with a urinary tract source of infection and thereby reduce the risk of adverse events and development of resistance associated with use of antibiotics
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
TREATMENT
NONE
Study Groups
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Intervention group
Shortened antibiotic treatment of 5 days
Shortened antibiotic treatment
Shortened antibiotic treatment of 5 days. Participation in the study will only affect treatment duration and will have no influence on the choice of treatment in respect to type and dose of antibiotic treatment.
Control group
Standard antibiotic treatment of minimum 7 days at the discretion of treating physician
Standard antibiotic treatment
Standard antibiotic treatment of minimum 7 days at the discretion of treating physician. Participation in the study will only affect treatment duration and will have no influence on the choice of treatment in respect to type and dose of antibiotic treatment.
Interventions
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Shortened antibiotic treatment
Shortened antibiotic treatment of 5 days. Participation in the study will only affect treatment duration and will have no influence on the choice of treatment in respect to type and dose of antibiotic treatment.
Standard antibiotic treatment
Standard antibiotic treatment of minimum 7 days at the discretion of treating physician. Participation in the study will only affect treatment duration and will have no influence on the choice of treatment in respect to type and dose of antibiotic treatment.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Blood culture positive for Gram-negative bacteria
* Evidence of urinary tract source of infection (positive urine culture or at least one clinical symptom compatible with urinary tract infection)
* Antibiotic treatment with antimicrobial activity to Gram-negative bacteria administrated within 12 hours of first blood culture
* Temperature \<37.8°C at randomization
* Clinically stabile at randomization (systolic blood pressure \> 90 mm Hg, heart rate \<100 beats/min., respiratory rate \<24/minute, peripheral oxygen saturation \> 90 %)
* Oral and written informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
* Gram-negative bacteremia within 30 days of blood culture
* Immunosuppression (Untreated HIV-infection, Neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count \< 1.0 x 109/l), Untreated terminal cancer, Receiving immunosuppressive agents (ATC-code L04A), Corticosteroid treatment (≥20 mg/day prednisone or the equivalent for \>14 days) within the last 30 days, Chemotherapy within the last 30 days, Immunosuppressed after solid organ transplantation, Asplenia)
* Polymicrobial growth in blood culture
* Bacteremia with non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria (Acinetobacter spp, Burkholderia spp, Pseudomonas spp), Brucella spp, or Fusobacterium spp
* Failure to remove source of infection within 72 hours of first blood culture (e.g. change of catheter á demeure)
* Pregnancy or breastfeeding
18 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Thomas Benfield
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Thomas Benfield
Clinical Professor
Principal Investigators
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Sandra Tingsgård, MD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Hvidovre University Hospital
Locations
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University Hospital of Aalborg
Aalborg, , Denmark
University Hospital of Aarhus
Aarhus, , Denmark
Rigshospitalet
Copenhagen, , Denmark
Bispebjerg Hospital
Copenhagen, , Denmark
Gentofte Hospital
Hellerup, , Denmark
Herlev Hospital
Herlev, , Denmark
Herning Hospital
Herning, , Denmark
Nordsjaellands Hospital
Hillerød, , Denmark
Hvidovre Hospital
Hvidovre, , Denmark
Kolding Hospital
Kolding, , Denmark
Odense University Hospital
Odense, , Denmark
Roskilde Hospital
Roskilde, , Denmark
Regionshospitalet Silkeborg
Silkeborg, , Denmark
Countries
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Central Contacts
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Facility Contacts
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Jesper Andreas Knudsen, MD, PhD
Role: primary
Rajesh Mohey, MD PhD
Role: primary
Role: backup
References
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de Kraker ME, Jarlier V, Monen JC, Heuer OE, van de Sande N, Grundmann H. The changing epidemiology of bacteraemias in Europe: trends from the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2013 Sep;19(9):860-8. doi: 10.1111/1469-0691.12028. Epub 2012 Oct 8.
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DANMAP 2017 - Use of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from food animals, food and humans in Denmark. 2017
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Rice LB. The Maxwell Finland Lecture: for the duration-rational antibiotic administration in an era of antimicrobial resistance and clostridium difficile. Clin Infect Dis. 2008 Feb 15;46(4):491-6. doi: 10.1086/526535.
Gupta K, Hooton TM, Naber KG, Wullt B, Colgan R, Miller LG, Moran GJ, Nicolle LE, Raz R, Schaeffer AJ, Soper DE; Infectious Diseases Society of America; European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. International clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in women: A 2010 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Clin Infect Dis. 2011 Mar 1;52(5):e103-20. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciq257.
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Chotiprasitsakul D, Han JH, Cosgrove SE, Harris AD, Lautenbach E, Conley AT, Tolomeo P, Wise J, Tamma PD; Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group. Comparing the Outcomes of Adults With Enterobacteriaceae Bacteremia Receiving Short-Course Versus Prolonged-Course Antibiotic Therapy in a Multicenter, Propensity Score-Matched Cohort. Clin Infect Dis. 2018 Jan 6;66(2):172-177. doi: 10.1093/cid/cix767.
Yahav D, Franceschini E, Koppel F, Turjeman A, Babich T, Bitterman R, Neuberger A, Ghanem-Zoubi N, Santoro A, Eliakim-Raz N, Pertzov B, Steinmetz T, Stern A, Dickstein Y, Maroun E, Zayyad H, Bishara J, Alon D, Edel Y, Goldberg E, Venturelli C, Mussini C, Leibovici L, Paul M; Bacteremia Duration Study Group. Seven Versus 14 Days of Antibiotic Therapy for Uncomplicated Gram-negative Bacteremia: A Noninferiority Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Sep 13;69(7):1091-1098. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy1054.
Huttner A, Albrich WC, Bochud PY, Gayet-Ageron A, Rossel A, Dach EV, Harbarth S, Kaiser L. PIRATE project: point-of-care, informatics-based randomised controlled trial for decreasing overuse of antibiotic therapy in Gram-negative bacteraemia. BMJ Open. 2017 Jul 13;7(7):e017996. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017996.
Schroeder S, Hochreiter M, Koehler T, Schweiger AM, Bein B, Keck FS, von Spiegel T. Procalcitonin (PCT)-guided algorithm reduces length of antibiotic treatment in surgical intensive care patients with severe sepsis: results of a prospective randomized study. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2009 Mar;394(2):221-6. doi: 10.1007/s00423-008-0432-1. Epub 2008 Nov 26.
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Corona A, Wilson AP, Grassi M, Singer M. Prospective audit of bacteraemia management in a university hospital ICU using a general strategy of short-course monotherapy. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2004 Oct;54(4):809-17. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkh416. Epub 2004 Sep 16.
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Provided Documents
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Document Type: Statistical Analysis Plan
Other Identifiers
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2019-003282-17
Identifier Type: EUDRACT_NUMBER
Identifier Source: secondary_id
H-19085920
Identifier Type: OTHER
Identifier Source: secondary_id
190801
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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