The Norms and Networks Sanitation Study in India in Tamil Nadu, India
NCT ID: NCT04269824
Last Updated: 2021-11-26
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
22700 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2020-01-05
2021-10-22
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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For this cluster-randomized trial, communities will be engaged in two rounds of surveys to assess toilet ownership, toilet usage practices of their family members and include additional questions about beliefs, norms and other factors influencing toilet use. Investigators will also conduct a process evaluation to monitor change from baseline to endline and identify successful pathways of or bottle-necks to the adoption of improved sanitation behaviors. These indicators will include fidelity indicators to assess the quality of intervention delivery, level of community participation, behavioral antecedents, contextual changes in community and household conditions that may facilitate improved behavioral adoption and/or outcomes (e.g., exclusive toilet use). They will also conduct qualitative research using observations and semi-structured interviews with respondents and stakeholders to assess exposure and reactions to the intervention. They will also assess spillover in the control wards using mixed-method assessment tools.
Conditions
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Keywords
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
TREATMENT
SINGLE
Study Groups
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Intervention Group
Residents of the peri-urban ward randomized to this group will receive the norm and network-centric intervention package that includes individual, household, group and community-level interventions. No hardware will be provided. Behavior change components will focus on shifting empirical expectations of improved sanitation behaviors in their wards as well as building capacity to achieve toilet construction and behavioral goals.
Behavioral intervention package
Community mobilization and commitment events
* Update factual beliefs
* Establish public commitment
* Update empirical expectations about toilet use
Audio announcements - Disseminate norms-related messages regarding toilet use and ownership
Group level
\- Facilitated sex-segregated group meetings to share information and action knowledge through increased social connections
Network-level social media messages - Transmit norms-related messages, and testimonials of adopters through influential social network members
Household-level Counseling visits
* Update empirical expectations of improved sanitation behaviors in their community
* Motivate improved sanitation practices
* Build capacity to achieve exclusive toilet use
Stickers/decals
\- Signal adoption of promoted behaviors to community members
Individual-level
* Update empirical expectations of improved behaviors among similar others
* Set goals, track progress and maintain improved behavior
Control Group
Residents of these wards will not receive any intervention. They may be exposed to other WASH interventions promoted by the government and/or other parties independent of this study.
No interventions assigned to this group
Interventions
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Behavioral intervention package
Community mobilization and commitment events
* Update factual beliefs
* Establish public commitment
* Update empirical expectations about toilet use
Audio announcements - Disseminate norms-related messages regarding toilet use and ownership
Group level
\- Facilitated sex-segregated group meetings to share information and action knowledge through increased social connections
Network-level social media messages - Transmit norms-related messages, and testimonials of adopters through influential social network members
Household-level Counseling visits
* Update empirical expectations of improved sanitation behaviors in their community
* Motivate improved sanitation practices
* Build capacity to achieve exclusive toilet use
Stickers/decals
\- Signal adoption of promoted behaviors to community members
Individual-level
* Update empirical expectations of improved behaviors among similar others
* Set goals, track progress and maintain improved behavior
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
Participants
* Randomly selected residents of eligible wards above 18 years of age.
* All households in the intervention wards will receive the LENNS intervention.
Exclusion Criteria
* Wards that were included in the piloting of the intervention package.
* Wards enrolled in any water, sanitation or hygiene intervention other than the national program, Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM)
Participants:
* Persons who were reported or deemed cognitively unable to participate in the study and respond to the surveys will be excluded
* Household members who confirm that they will not reside continuously at that address in the upcoming year
* Specific household members who do not reside at that residency continuously.
18 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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University of Pennsylvania
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Principal Investigators
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Cristina Bicchieri, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
University of Pennsylvania
Locations
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Swasti
Bangalore, , India
Countries
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References
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Ashraf S, Bicchieri C, Delea MG, Das U, Chauhan K, Kuang J, Shpenev A, Thulin E. Norms and Social Network-Centric Behavior Change Intervention (Nam Nalavazhvu) for Improved Toilet Usage in Peri-Urban Communities of Tamil Nadu: Protocol for a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc. 2021 May 3;10(5):e24407. doi: 10.2196/24407.
Provided Documents
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Document Type: Statistical Analysis Plan
Other Identifiers
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833854
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id