Trial Outcomes & Findings for The Interaction of Flavor With Nicotine Form in Adult Smokers (NCT NCT04262817)

NCT ID: NCT04262817

Last Updated: 2023-05-26

Results Overview

Following each puff, each participant was assessed to determine if they liked/disliked the overall e-cigarette experience using the Labeled Hedonic Scale (LHS), a bipolar category-ratio scale with 5 symmetrical semantic labels positioned on the scale per their semantic magnitude that ranges from -100 (Most Disliked) to 100 (Most Liked) with "Neither Liked nor Disliked" at the midpoint.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE1

Target enrollment

20 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

up to 3 weeks

Results posted on

2023-05-26

Participant Flow

20 participants were initially enrolled but only 16 took part in the actual study.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Overall Participants
The overall sample of participants that were enrolled in the study. 10 participants received E-cigarette nicotine FIRST, E-cigarette experimental flavor SECOND. 6 participants received E-cigarette experimental flavor FIRST, E-cigarette nicotine SECOND.
Overall Study
STARTED
16
Overall Study
Freebase Tobacco Flavor Completed
16
Overall Study
Freebase Menthol Flavor Completed
16
Overall Study
Nicotine Salt Tobacco Flavor Completed
16
Overall Study
Nicotine Salt Menthol Flavor Completed
16
Overall Study
COMPLETED
16
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

The Interaction of Flavor With Nicotine Form in Adult Smokers

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Overall Participants
n=16 Participants
As a crossover study with randomized order, presented are the participant characteristics of all participants that were enrolled and participated in the study.
Age, Continuous
39.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.1 • n=93 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
5 Participants
n=93 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
11 Participants
n=93 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Non-Hispanic White
9 Participants
n=93 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Non-Hispanic Black
4 Participants
n=93 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Biracial/Other
1 Participants
n=93 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Hispanic
2 Participants
n=93 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
16 participants
n=93 Participants
Education Level
GED or equivalent
3 Participants
n=93 Participants
Education Level
High School Graduate
2 Participants
n=93 Participants
Education Level
Some college, no degree
4 Participants
n=93 Participants
Education Level
Associate Degree
4 Participants
n=93 Participants
Education Level
Bachelor's Degree
3 Participants
n=93 Participants
Past Year Income
$0-35,000
9 Participants
n=93 Participants
Past Year Income
$35,001-50,000
1 Participants
n=93 Participants
Past Year Income
$50,001-75,000
2 Participants
n=93 Participants
Past Year Income
$75,001-100,000
3 Participants
n=93 Participants
Past Year Income
$100,001 or more
1 Participants
n=93 Participants
Age first tried e-cigarette
32.1 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.5 • n=93 Participants
Days used of e-cigarettes in past 28 days
14.9 days
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.7 • n=93 Participants
e-cigarette dependence
1.5 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.1 • n=93 Participants
Age first smoked whole cigarette
16.1 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.4 • n=93 Participants
Cigarettes smoked per day
12.9 cigarettes
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.0 • n=93 Participants
cigarette dependence
2.4 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.7 • n=93 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: up to 3 weeks

Population: Participants that enrolled and participated in the overall study.

Following each puff, each participant was assessed to determine if they liked/disliked the overall e-cigarette experience using the Labeled Hedonic Scale (LHS), a bipolar category-ratio scale with 5 symmetrical semantic labels positioned on the scale per their semantic magnitude that ranges from -100 (Most Disliked) to 100 (Most Liked) with "Neither Liked nor Disliked" at the midpoint.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Overall Participants
n=16 Participants
As a crossover study with randomized order, presented are the participant characteristics of all participants that were enrolled and participated in the study.
Changes in Liking of E-cigarette Overall
Nicotine Salt
14.2 score on a scale
Standard Error 6.0
Changes in Liking of E-cigarette Overall
Freebase Nicotine
5.3 score on a scale
Standard Error 6.6
Changes in Liking of E-cigarette Overall
Menthol Flavor
11.9 score on a scale
Standard Error 7.0
Changes in Liking of E-cigarette Overall
Tobacco Flavor
2.2 score on a scale
Standard Error 6.2

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: up to 3 weeks

Population: Participants that enrolled and participated in the overall study.

Following each puff, each participant was assessed to determine if they liked/disliked the flavors in the e-cigarette experience using the Labeled Hedonic Scale (LHS), a bipolar category-ratio scale with 5 symmetrical semantic labels positioned on the scale per their semantic magnitude that ranges from -100 (Most Disliked) to 100 (Most Liked) with "Neither Liked nor Disliked" at the midpoint.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Overall Participants
n=16 Participants
As a crossover study with randomized order, presented are the participant characteristics of all participants that were enrolled and participated in the study.
Changes in Liking of E-cigarette Flavor
Tobacco Flavor
2.2 score on a scale
Standard Error 6.2
Changes in Liking of E-cigarette Flavor
Nicotine Salt
4.1 score on a scale
Standard Error 4.6
Changes in Liking of E-cigarette Flavor
Freebase Nicotine
0.0 score on a scale
Standard Error 6.5
Changes in Liking of E-cigarette Flavor
Menthol Flavor
6.3 score on a scale
Standard Error 5.7

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: up to 3 weeks

Population: Participants that enrolled and participated in the overall study.

Immediately following each puff, participants rated the sensory effects they experienced (harshness/irritation, coolness, sweetness) "right now" on the general version of the Labeled Magnitude Scale (gLMS). The gLMS is a category ratio scale with 7 semantic labels: "no sensation", "barely detectable", "weak", "moderate", "strong", "very strong", and "strongest imaginable", positioned quasi-logarithmically per their empirically determined semantic magnitudes, with responses coded on a 0-100 scale. The scores have been log transformed with responses coded on a 0-4.6 natural log transformed scale. The higher the score, the higher the intensity for the outcome (i.e., irritation, sweetness, coolness).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Overall Participants
n=16 Participants
As a crossover study with randomized order, presented are the participant characteristics of all participants that were enrolled and participated in the study.
gLMS: Sweetness
Nicotine Salt
2.1 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.3
gLMS: Sweetness
Freebase Nicotine
2.0 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.2
gLMS: Sweetness
Menthol Flavor
2.1 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.2
gLMS: Sweetness
Tobacco Flavor
2.0 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.3

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: up to 3 weeks

Population: Participants that enrolled and participated in the overall study.

Immediately following each puff, participants rated the sensory effects they experienced (harshness/irritation, coolness, sweetness) "right now" on the general version of the Labeled Magnitude Scale (gLMS). The gLMS is a category ratio scale with 7 semantic labels: "no sensation", "barely detectable", "weak", "moderate", "strong", "very strong", and "strongest imaginable", positioned quasi-logarithmically per their empirically determined semantic magnitudes, with responses coded on a 0-100 scale. The scores have been log transformed with responses coded on a 0-4.6 natural log transformed scale. The higher the score, the higher the intensity for the outcome (i.e., irritation, sweetness, coolness).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Overall Participants
n=16 Participants
As a crossover study with randomized order, presented are the participant characteristics of all participants that were enrolled and participated in the study.
gLMS: Coolness
Nicotine Salt
1.9 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.2
gLMS: Coolness
Freebase Nicotine
1.7 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.2
gLMS: Coolness
Menthol Flavor
2.0 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.2
gLMS: Coolness
Tobacco Flavor
1.6 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.3

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: up to 3 weeks

Population: Participants that enrolled and participated in the overall study.

Immediately following each puff, participants rated the sensory effects they experienced (harshness/irritation, coolness, sweetness) "right now" on the general version of the Labeled Magnitude Scale (gLMS). The gLMS is a category ratio scale with 7 semantic labels: "no sensation", "barely detectable", "weak", "moderate", "strong", "very strong", and "strongest imaginable", positioned quasi-logarithmically per their empirically determined semantic magnitudes, with responses coded on a 0-100 scale. The scores have been log transformed with responses coded on a 0-4.6 natural log transformed scale. The higher the score, the higher the intensity for the outcome (i.e., irritation, sweetness, coolness).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Overall Participants
n=16 Participants
As a crossover study with randomized order, presented are the participant characteristics of all participants that were enrolled and participated in the study.
gLMS: Irritation
Nicotine Salt
2.1 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.3
gLMS: Irritation
Freebase Nicotine
2.6 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.2
gLMS: Irritation
Menthol Flavor
2.1 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.3
gLMS: Irritation
Tobacco Flavor
2.5 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.2

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: up to 3 weeks

Population: Participants that enrolled and participated in the overall study.

The number of puffs on each device were counter per participant across each level of the study design. The scores have been log transformed.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Overall Participants
n=16 Participants
As a crossover study with randomized order, presented are the participant characteristics of all participants that were enrolled and participated in the study.
Number of Puffs
Nicotine Salt
2.1 number of puffs (log transformed)
Standard Error 0.2
Number of Puffs
Freebase Nicotine
1.7 number of puffs (log transformed)
Standard Error 0.2
Number of Puffs
Menthol Flavor
2.1 number of puffs (log transformed)
Standard Error 0.2
Number of Puffs
Tobacco Flavor
1.8 number of puffs (log transformed)
Standard Error 0.2

Adverse Events

Nicotine Form: Nicotine Salt

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Nicotine Form: Freebase Nicotine

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

E-cigarette Experimental Flavor: Menthol

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

E-cigarette Experimental Flavor: Tobacco

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Asti Jackson, Ph.D.

Yale School of Medicine

Phone: 475-241-4904

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place