Effects of Smartphone Use on Posture, Pain, Function and QoL

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

106 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2019-10-01

Study Completion Date

2020-02-08

Brief Summary

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The aim of the study is to determine the effects of the use of smartphone on the neck and shoulder posture, pain, and functions, and the quality of life in young adults. The sample of the study consists of university students. According to the scores they got from the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version, all participants will be divided into two groups. The neck and shoulder posture, pain, and functions, and the quality of life will be compared between the two groups.

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Detailed Description

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The study will include 106 university students who are 18-25 years old. According to the scores they got from the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version, all students will be divided into two groups as Excessive Smartphone Use Group and Non-excessive Smartphone Use Group, both consisting of 53 participants. Participants whose scores are higher than 30 will be included to the Excessive Smartphone Use Group, and whose scores are 30 or less will be included to the Non-excessive Smartphone Use Group. In the assessment of pain level, the Visual Analogue Scale will be used. Functional levels of the neck and shoulders will be evaluated with the Copenhagen Neck Functional Disability Scale and the Shoulder Disability Questionnaire. World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Short Form will be utilized to assess the quality of life. Postural analyzes of the participants will be fulfilled with the New York Posture Rating Chart. All scores will be evaluated by comparing between the two groups.

Conditions

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Postural; Defect Neck Pain, Posterior Shoulder Pain Quality of Life

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

CASE_CONTROL

Study Time Perspective

RETROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

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Excessive Smartphone Use Group

Participants whose Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version scores are higher than 30

Assessment

Intervention Type OTHER

The structured questionnaire, Visual Analogue Scale, Copenhagen Neck Functional Disability Scale, Shoulder Disability Questionnaire, World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Short Form, and Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version will be applied to all participants respectively. Lastly, posture analysis will be performed to all participants by using the New York Posture Rating Chart.

Non-excessive Smartphone Use Group

Participants whose Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version scores are 30 or less

Assessment

Intervention Type OTHER

The structured questionnaire, Visual Analogue Scale, Copenhagen Neck Functional Disability Scale, Shoulder Disability Questionnaire, World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Short Form, and Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version will be applied to all participants respectively. Lastly, posture analysis will be performed to all participants by using the New York Posture Rating Chart.

Interventions

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Assessment

The structured questionnaire, Visual Analogue Scale, Copenhagen Neck Functional Disability Scale, Shoulder Disability Questionnaire, World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Short Form, and Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version will be applied to all participants respectively. Lastly, posture analysis will be performed to all participants by using the New York Posture Rating Chart.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* To be willing and volunteer to participate in the study
* To be between 18 and 25 years old
* To have been using smartphone for more than 1 year

Exclusion Criteria

* To have any health problem history or diagnosed pathology related with the neck or shoulder regions
* To have any history of trauma or surgery related to the neck or shoulder regions
* To have received any medical attention or treatment in the last six months because of a health problem related to neck or shoulder
* To have any diagnosed neurological problem

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

25 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes