Trial Outcomes & Findings for Comparison of Oral Ferrous Sulfate to Intravenous Ferumoxytol in Antepartum Iron Deficiency Anemia (NCT NCT04253626)

NCT ID: NCT04253626

Last Updated: 2025-08-26

Results Overview

Hemoglobin is measured as g/dL at enrollment and after the study intervention

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE3

Target enrollment

83 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

From enrollment to four weeks post-enrollment (may have been up to 6 weeks post-enrollment)

Results posted on

2025-08-26

Participant Flow

Can describe study design here, up to 500 characters with spaces

83 participants signed informed consent; 80 were allocated to treatment.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Oral Iron
Participants are prescribed 1-2 ferrous sulfate 325mg tablets by mouth (based on severity of anemia) until delivery.
Intravenous Iron
Participants receive 510mg intravenous iron ferumoxytol, with a maximum of 2 doses based on the baseline hemoglobin level.
Overall Study
STARTED
40
40
Overall Study
Received Allocated Intervention
39
38
Overall Study
Discontinued Intervention
6
1
Overall Study
Analyzed for Primary Outcome
38
36
Overall Study
COMPLETED
38
36
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
2
4

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Comparison of Oral Ferrous Sulfate to Intravenous Ferumoxytol in Antepartum Iron Deficiency Anemia

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Oral Iron
n=40 Participants
Participants are prescribed 1-2 ferrous sulfate 325mg tablets by mouth (based on severity of anemia) until delivery.
Intravenous Iron
n=40 Participants
Participants receive 510mg intravenous iron ferumoxytol, with a maximum of 2 doses based on the baseline hemoglobin level.
Total
n=80 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
34.0 years
n=5 Participants
32.0 years
n=7 Participants
32.0 years
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
40 Participants
n=5 Participants
40 Participants
n=7 Participants
80 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Hispanic/Latine
11 Participants
n=5 Participants
11 Participants
n=7 Participants
22 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Non Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander
11 Participants
n=5 Participants
12 Participants
n=7 Participants
23 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Non Hispanic Black or African American
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
4 Participants
n=7 Participants
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Non Hispanic White
12 Participants
n=5 Participants
12 Participants
n=7 Participants
24 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Other/Unknown
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
5 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
40 Participants
n=5 Participants
40 Participants
n=7 Participants
80 Participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: From enrollment to four weeks post-enrollment (may have been up to 6 weeks post-enrollment)

Population: Participants analyzable for the primary outcome (had data through week 4)

Hemoglobin is measured as g/dL at enrollment and after the study intervention

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Oral Iron
n=38 Participants
Participants are prescribed 1-2 ferrous sulfate 325mg tablets by mouth (based on severity of anemia) until delivery.
Intravenous Iron
n=36 Participants
Participants receive 510mg intravenous iron ferumoxytol, with a maximum of 2 doses based on the baseline hemoglobin level.
Median Change in Hemoglobin Value Before and After Intervention
10.95 g/dL
Interval 9.88 to 11.18
11.45 g/dL
Interval 11.13 to 12.03

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From enrollment to delivery or birth admission (average approximately 8 to 12 weeks)

Population: Intention to treat; all participants were analyzed according to the group to which they were randomized, regardless of treatment received.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Oral Iron
n=40 Participants
Participants are prescribed 1-2 ferrous sulfate 325mg tablets by mouth (based on severity of anemia) until delivery.
Intravenous Iron
n=40 Participants
Participants receive 510mg intravenous iron ferumoxytol, with a maximum of 2 doses based on the baseline hemoglobin level.
Number of Participants Who Discontinued Treatment
6 Participants
1 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From enrollment to delivery or birth admission (average approximately 8 to 12 weeks)

Population: Intention to treat; all participants were analyzed according to the group to which they were randomized, regardless of treatment received.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Oral Iron
n=40 Participants
Participants are prescribed 1-2 ferrous sulfate 325mg tablets by mouth (based on severity of anemia) until delivery.
Intravenous Iron
n=40 Participants
Participants receive 510mg intravenous iron ferumoxytol, with a maximum of 2 doses based on the baseline hemoglobin level.
Number of Participants With Serious Adverse Events Associated With Treatment
0 Participants
0 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From enrollment to delivery or birth admission (average approximately 8 to 12 weeks)

Population: Intention to treat; all participants were analyzed according to the group to which they were randomized, regardless of treatment received.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Oral Iron
n=40 Participants
Participants are prescribed 1-2 ferrous sulfate 325mg tablets by mouth (based on severity of anemia) until delivery.
Intravenous Iron
n=40 Participants
Participants receive 510mg intravenous iron ferumoxytol, with a maximum of 2 doses based on the baseline hemoglobin level.
Number of Participants Who Need Blood Transfusion Postpartum
3 Participants
0 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From enrollment to four weeks post-enrollment (may have been up to 6 weeks post-enrollment)

Population: Participants with data at the respective time point

Score range: 0 to 100 (lower scores indicate more severe symptoms, higher scores correspond to fewer symptoms)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Oral Iron
n=39 Participants
Participants are prescribed 1-2 ferrous sulfate 325mg tablets by mouth (based on severity of anemia) until delivery.
Intravenous Iron
n=38 Participants
Participants receive 510mg intravenous iron ferumoxytol, with a maximum of 2 doses based on the baseline hemoglobin level.
Change in Short Form (SF-)36 General Health Symptom Score
Baseline
63 score on a scale
Interval 44.0 to 63.0
63 score on a scale
Interval 50.0 to 63.0
Change in Short Form (SF-)36 General Health Symptom Score
Change at week 4
0 score on a scale
Interval -13.0 to 3.0
0 score on a scale
Interval -13.0 to 0.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From enrollment to four weeks post-enrollment (may have been up to 6 weeks post-enrollment)

Population: Participants with data at the respective time point

Score range: 0 to 100 (lower scores indicate less physical function, higher scores correspond to more physical function).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Oral Iron
n=39 Participants
Participants are prescribed 1-2 ferrous sulfate 325mg tablets by mouth (based on severity of anemia) until delivery.
Intravenous Iron
n=38 Participants
Participants receive 510mg intravenous iron ferumoxytol, with a maximum of 2 doses based on the baseline hemoglobin level.
Change in Short Form (SF-)36 Physical Functioning Score
Baseline
70 score on a scale
Interval 65.0 to 80.0
70 score on a scale
Interval 50.0 to 90.0
Change in Short Form (SF-)36 Physical Functioning Score
Change at week 4
-10 score on a scale
Interval -20.0 to 5.0
0 score on a scale
Interval -18.0 to 10.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From enrollment to four weeks post-enrollment (may have been up to 6 weeks post-enrollment)

Population: Participants with data at the respective time point

Score range: 0 to 100 (lower scores indicate more limitations, higher scores correspond to fewer limitations).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Oral Iron
n=38 Participants
Participants are prescribed 1-2 ferrous sulfate 325mg tablets by mouth (based on severity of anemia) until delivery.
Intravenous Iron
n=37 Participants
Participants receive 510mg intravenous iron ferumoxytol, with a maximum of 2 doses based on the baseline hemoglobin level.
Change in Short Form (SF-)36 Role Limitations Due to Physical Health Score
Baseline
38 score on a scale
Interval 0.0 to 100.0
50 score on a scale
Interval 0.0 to 100.0
Change in Short Form (SF-)36 Role Limitations Due to Physical Health Score
Change at week 4
0 score on a scale
Interval 0.0 to 25.0
0 score on a scale
Interval 0.0 to 50.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From enrollment to four weeks post-enrollment (may have been up to 6 weeks post-enrollment)

Population: Participants with data at the respective time point

Score range: 0 to 100 (lower scores indicate more fatigue, higher scores correspond to more energy).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Oral Iron
n=39 Participants
Participants are prescribed 1-2 ferrous sulfate 325mg tablets by mouth (based on severity of anemia) until delivery.
Intravenous Iron
n=38 Participants
Participants receive 510mg intravenous iron ferumoxytol, with a maximum of 2 doses based on the baseline hemoglobin level.
Change in Short Form (SF-)36 Energy/Fatigue Score
Baseline
50 score on a scale
Interval 30.0 to 60.0
40 score on a scale
Interval 23.0 to 60.0
Change in Short Form (SF-)36 Energy/Fatigue Score
Change at week 4
0 score on a scale
Interval -10.0 to 10.0
10 score on a scale
Interval 0.0 to 30.0

Adverse Events

Oral Iron - Weeks 1 to 4

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 17 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Intravenous Iron - Weeks 1 to 4

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 15 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Oral Iron - Weeks 5 to 8

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 13 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Intravenous Iron - Weeks 5 to 8

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 9 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Oral Iron - Weeks 1 to 4
n=40 participants at risk
Adverse events occurring in the oral iron group during weeks 1 to 4
Intravenous Iron - Weeks 1 to 4
n=40 participants at risk
Adverse events occurring in the intravenous iron group during weeks 1 to 4
Oral Iron - Weeks 5 to 8
n=40 participants at risk
Adverse events occurring in the oral iron group during weeks 5 to 8
Intravenous Iron - Weeks 5 to 8
n=40 participants at risk
Adverse events occurring in the intravenous iron group during weeks 5 to 8
Gastrointestinal disorders
Abdominal pain
10.0%
4/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
7.5%
3/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
5.0%
2/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
5.0%
2/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea/ Vomiting
20.0%
8/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
17.5%
7/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
7.5%
3/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
5.0%
2/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
Gastrointestinal disorders
Constipation
25.0%
10/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
15.0%
6/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
17.5%
7/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
10.0%
4/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
Gastrointestinal disorders
Gastrointestinal symptoms not listed
7.5%
3/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
2.5%
1/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
0.00%
0/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
0.00%
0/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
Nervous system disorders
Dizziness
2.5%
1/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
2.5%
1/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
5.0%
2/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
2.5%
1/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
Nervous system disorders
Headache
5.0%
2/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
2.5%
1/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
0.00%
0/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
5.0%
2/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Edema/ Swelling of limbs
2.5%
1/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
12.5%
5/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
0.00%
0/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
7.5%
3/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Itching
7.5%
3/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
0.00%
0/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
5.0%
2/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
5.0%
2/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Body aches/ pains
10.0%
4/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
5.0%
2/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
5.0%
2/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).
2.5%
1/40 • Up to approximately 12 weeks
Participants reported adverse events (AEs) by survey using the terms listed. The week 4 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 1 to 4 (may have been up to week 6; primary outcome analysis period) and the week 8 survey asked participants to report AEs occurring from weeks 5 to 8 (may have been up to week 12; secondary outcome analysis period).

Additional Information

Deirdre J. Lyell, MD

Stanford University

Phone: (650) 498-4069

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place