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Effects of Prior Exposure to Conflicting Health Information on Responses to Subsequent Unrelated Health Messages

NCT ID: NCT04247529

Last Updated: 2020-11-10

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

6046 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2020-07-20

Study Completion Date

2020-08-31

Brief Summary

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Many population-level public health strategies-including media campaigns and other behavioral interventions, screening recommendations, and vaccination policies-rely on messaging to promote cancer prevention and control. These strategies do not take place in a vacuum; rather, they occur in the context of a broader public information environment, which is increasingly characterized by conflicting and often controversial health information. Although studies have documented that such information is prevalent, a critical question remains unanswered: does exposure to conflicting health information in people's routine interactions with the broader information environment threaten the success of message-based population-level public health strategies? And, if so, who is most susceptible to the effects of such exposure? This study will provide a rigorous empirical test of these critical answered questions, guided by two specific aims: First, to evaluate whether prior exposure to conflicting health information influences responses to subsequent unrelated and uncontested health messages, a phenomenon that has been described as "carryover effects" (Primary Aim); and second, to identify whether there are individual-level differences in how conflict affects responses to these unrelated and uncontested health messages (Secondary Aim).

Detailed Description

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To accomplish these aims, an online survey-based experiment using a population-based sample of U.S. adults (anticipated N=1,800) will be conducted. At 2 time points across a 28-day period, participants will be exposed to news stories and social media posts about 6 health topics: mammography screening, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, Vitamin D supplementation, carbohydrate consumption, alcohol consumption, and breastfeeding. Participants will be randomized to 1 of 2 treatment groups that differ only in the amount of conflict presented in these news and social media posts (conflict, no conflict). At a third time point, after the exposure to conflict period, all participants will be exposed to 3 (out of a possible 9) messages from existing health campaigns about 3 behaviors for which there is scientific consensus: fruit and vegetable consumption, colorectal cancer screening, and physical activity. To assess carryover effects (Primary Aim), participants' receptivity to these messages-as measured through several affective and cognitive responses (e.g., confidence in the evidence presented)-will be measured. Message receptivity is expected to be lower among those who were randomized to receive conflicting health information. Individual-level differences in message receptivity are possible; thus exploratory analyses (Secondary Aim) will be conducted to assess whether carryover effects of exposure to conflict may be more pronounced among certain groups (e.g., those with greater trust in media sources, those of lower socioeconomic position).

Conditions

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Communication Research

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

OTHER

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Participants Investigators

Study Groups

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No exposure to conflict

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

No exposure to conflicting health information

Intervention Type OTHER

At 2 time points across a \~28-day period, participants will be exposed to news stories and social media posts about 6 health topics: mammography screening, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, Vitamin D supplementation, carbohydrate consumption, alcohol consumption, and breastfeeding. Participants in the no conflict (comparator) group will have no conflicting information included in these news and social media posts.

Exposure to conflict

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Exposure to conflicting health information

Intervention Type OTHER

At 2 time points across a \~28-day period, participants will be exposed to news stories and social media posts about 6 health topics: mammography screening, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, Vitamin D supplementation, carbohydrate consumption, alcohol consumption, and breastfeeding. Participants in the conflict (experimental) group will have conflicting information added to these news and social media posts.

Interventions

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Exposure to conflicting health information

At 2 time points across a \~28-day period, participants will be exposed to news stories and social media posts about 6 health topics: mammography screening, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, Vitamin D supplementation, carbohydrate consumption, alcohol consumption, and breastfeeding. Participants in the conflict (experimental) group will have conflicting information added to these news and social media posts.

Intervention Type OTHER

No exposure to conflicting health information

At 2 time points across a \~28-day period, participants will be exposed to news stories and social media posts about 6 health topics: mammography screening, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, Vitamin D supplementation, carbohydrate consumption, alcohol consumption, and breastfeeding. Participants in the no conflict (comparator) group will have no conflicting information included in these news and social media posts.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* 18+ U.S. adults
* Members of NORC's AmeriSpeak Panel (https://amerispeak.norc.org/Pages/default.aspx)
* Able to complete web-based survey
* Able to read in English

Exclusion Criteria

* None
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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National Cancer Institute (NCI)

NIH

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of Minnesota

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Locations

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NORC at the University of Chicago (online only)

Chicago, Illinois, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

Other Identifiers

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R21CA218054

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

2019NTLS140

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id