Trial Outcomes & Findings for VR System for Cross-modal Rehabilitation of Hemianopia (NCT NCT04230486)

Results Overview

The area of the subject's visual field measured by 30-2 Humphrey visual field (HVF) perimetry. Both left and right sides will be tested. The deficit side includes is the hemianopic side. The intact side is the non-hemianopic side. During the HVF test, light is projected into a white bowl with a standardized background light intensity to form a circular stimulus, around 30 cm away from the patient's eye. The overall field mapping technique used is a form of static perimetry, where a stimulus appears in various areas of the field of vision. The patient indicates when they can see the stimulus and the perimetrist then records the point where the stimulus was seen. These data points are used to determine the patient's visual field.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

6 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline

Results posted on

2022-11-30

Participant Flow

Six subjects signed consent. One screen failed.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure	Experimental Group Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia Cross-model Visual Auditory Rehabilitation: Subjects will put on a virtual reality rehabilitation system which will present sights and sounds.
Overall Study STARTED	6
Overall Study COMPLETED	5
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	1

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure	Experimental Group Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia Cross-model Visual Auditory Rehabilitation: Subjects will put on a virtual reality rehabilitation system which will present sights and sounds.
Overall Study Screen Failure	1

Baseline Characteristics

VR System for Cross-modal Rehabilitation of Hemianopia

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure	Experimental Group Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment n=5 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia Cross-model Visual Auditory Rehabilitation: Subjects will put on a virtual reality rehabilitation system which will present sights and sounds.
Age, Continuous	62.6 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.667 • n=113 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	4 Participants n=113 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	1 Participants n=113 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino	0 Participants n=113 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino	5 Participants n=113 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	0 Participants n=113 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native	0 Participants n=113 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Asian	0 Participants n=113 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	0 Participants n=113 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American	0 Participants n=113 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) White	5 Participants n=113 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race	0 Participants n=113 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	0 Participants n=113 Participants
Region of Enrollment United States	5 participants n=113 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: Analysis only includes subjects who completed study.

The area of the subject's visual field measured by 30-2 Humphrey visual field (HVF) perimetry. Both left and right sides will be tested. The deficit side includes is the hemianopic side. The intact side is the non-hemianopic side. During the HVF test, light is projected into a white bowl with a standardized background light intensity to form a circular stimulus, around 30 cm away from the patient's eye. The overall field mapping technique used is a form of static perimetry, where a stimulus appears in various areas of the field of vision. The patient indicates when they can see the stimulus and the perimetrist then records the point where the stimulus was seen. These data points are used to determine the patient's visual field.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=5 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Humphrey Visual Field Perimetry	108 visual angle degrees^2 Standard Deviation 198.49	1272 visual angle degrees^2 Standard Deviation 117.58

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: up to 2 Months

Population: Analysis only includes subjects who completed study.

The area of the subject's visual field measured by 30-2 Humphrey visual field (HVF) perimetry. Both left and right sides will be tested. The deficit side includes is the hemianopic side. The intact side is the non-hemianopic side. During the HVF test, light is projected into a white bowl with a standardized background light intensity to form a circular stimulus, around 30 cm away from the patient's eye. The overall field mapping technique used is a form of static perimetry, where a stimulus appears in various areas of the field of vision. The patient indicates when they can see the stimulus and the perimetrist then records the point where the stimulus was seen. These data points are used to determine the patient's visual field.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=5 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Humphrey Visual Field Perimetry	594 visual angle degrees^2 Standard Deviation 542.99	1356 visual angle degrees^2 Standard Deviation 18.59

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 1

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality (VR) Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	0 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0	91.667 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 11.785
Virtual Reality (VR) Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	8.33 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 11.785	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 2

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	16.667 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 23.57	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	0 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 3

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	8.333 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 11.785	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	0 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 4

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	0 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	0 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 5

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	0 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	8.333 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 11.785	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 6

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	50 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 70.711	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	8.333 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 11.785	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 7

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	58.333 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 35.355	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	8.333 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 11.785	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 8

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19. One subject did not complete the test day 8, so no data was collected for any subjects for this day.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 9

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	50 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 70.711	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	8.333 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 11.785	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 10

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	50 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 70.711	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	8.333 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 11.785	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 11

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19. One subject did not complete the test day 11, so no data was collected for any subjects for this day.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 12

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	50 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 70.711	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	8.33 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 11.785	91.667 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 11.785

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 13

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	41.667 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 58.926	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	8.333 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 11.785	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 14

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	58.333 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 58.926	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	8.333 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 11.785	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 15

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	50 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 70.711	91.667 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 11.785
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	8.333 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 11.785	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 16

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	50 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 70.711	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	0 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 17

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	50 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 70.711	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	0 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 18

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	50 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 70.711	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	0 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 19

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	50 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 70.711	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	0 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0	91.667 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 11.785

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 20

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	50 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 70.711	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	8.333 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 11.785	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 21

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19. One subject did not complete the test day 21, so no data was collected for any subjects for this day.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 22

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	50 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 47.14	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	41.667 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 58.926	91.667 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 11.785

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 23

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19. One subject did not complete the test day 23, so no data was collected for any subjects for this day.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 24

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19. One subject did not complete the test day 24, so no data was collected for any subjects for this day.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 25

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	66.667 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 47.14	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	58.333 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 58.926	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 26

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	50 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 70.711	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	50 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 70.711	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 27

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19. One subject did not complete the test day 27, so no data was collected for any subjects for this day.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 28

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19. Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19. One subject did not complete the test day 28, so no data was collected for any subjects for this day.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 29

Population: Data was not collected for 3 subjects due to logistical issues during COVID-19.

Percent of correct trials in each location tested. Location at 15 degrees and 30 degrees on the horizontal meridian on both the left and right side were tested. Virtual Reality Visual Field test is a brief 5-minute test using the VR system to track rehabilitation progress. The test consists of 30 trials with visual stimulus presented either 15° or 30° in either the hemianopia field or the intact field at random time intervals.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=2 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 15 Degrees	66.667 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 47.14	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Virtual Reality Visual Field Test--Mean Percent Correct 30 Degrees	50 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 70.711	100 percentage of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

The number of points subjects can detect in each location of the visual field along the horizontal meridian. Percent of correct trials in each location tested in the deficit and intact side. Locations at 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 75° on the horizontal meridian on the left and right side were tested.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=5 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 15 Degrees	20 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 44.7214	80 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 44.7214
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 60 Degrees	20 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 44.7214	72 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 43.8178
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 30 Degrees	20 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 44.7214	80 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 44.7214
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 45 Degrees	20 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 44.7214	80 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 44.7214
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 75 Degrees	0 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 0	76 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 43.359

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: up to 2 Months

The number of points subjects can detect in each location of the visual field along the horizontal meridian. Percent of correct trials in each location tested in the deficit and intact side. Locations at 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 75° on the horizontal meridian on the left and right side were tested.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=5 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 75 Degrees	60 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 54.7723	92 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 17.8885
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 15 Degrees	100 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 0	80 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 44.7214
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 30 Degrees	96 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 8.9443	96 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 8.9443
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 45 Degrees	92 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 17.8885	100 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 60 Degrees	80 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 44.7214	100 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 Months

The number of points subjects can detect in each location of the visual field along the horizontal meridian. Percent of correct trials in each location tested in the deficit and intact side. Locations at 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 75° on the horizontal meridian on the left and right side were tested.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=5 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 15 Degrees	95 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 10	90 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 20
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 30 Degrees	90 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 20	90 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 20
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 45 Degrees	80 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 40	100 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 60 Degrees	75 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 50	100 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 0
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 75 Degrees	65 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 47.2582	100 Percent of correct trials Standard Deviation 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 Months

Population: Due to study timeline constraints, only one subject completed the 6 month follow-up test.

The number of points subjects can detect in each location of the visual field along the horizontal meridian. Percent of correct trials in each location tested in the deficit and intact side. Locations at 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 75° on the horizontal meridian on the left and right side were tested.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact n=1 eyes Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 15 Degrees	100 Percent of correct trials	100 Percent of correct trials
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 30 Degrees	100 Percent of correct trials	100 Percent of correct trials
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 75 Degrees	100 Percent of correct trials	100 Percent of correct trials
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 45 Degrees	100 Percent of correct trials	100 Percent of correct trials
Peripheral Visual Field Frame Test 60 Degrees	100 Percent of correct trials	100 Percent of correct trials

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 2 months, 3 months

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. This score is calculated from the average of all subscale scores in the NEI VFQ-25 excluding the general health score. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-related quality of life.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25)--Composite Score Baseline	60.793 score on a scale Standard Deviation 19.498	—
National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25)--Composite Score 2 months	68.621 score on a scale Standard Deviation 21.932	—
National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25)--Composite Score 3 months	69.893 score on a scale Standard Deviation 29.418	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 month

Population: The study's start was delayed due to COVID so only 1 participant was able to complete the 6 month follow-up within the grant time frame.

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. This score is calculated from the average of all subscale scores in the NEI VFQ-25 excluding the general health score. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-related quality of life.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Composite Score	85.87 score on a scale	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 2 months, 3 months

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The General Health Score is a subscale that measures the participant's self-report of their overall health. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better perception of overall health.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--General Health Score Subscale Baseline	68.75 score on a scale Standard Deviation 37.5	—
NEI-VFQ-25--General Health Score Subscale 2 months	68.75 score on a scale Standard Deviation 31.458	—
NEI-VFQ-25--General Health Score Subscale 3 months	62.5 score on a scale Standard Deviation 17.678	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: The study's start was delayed due to COVID so only 1 participant was able to complete the 6 month follow-up within the grant time frame.

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The General Health Score is a subscale that measures the participant's self-report of their overall health. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better perception of overall health.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--General Health Score Subscale	50 score on a scale	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 2 months, 3 months

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The General Vision Score measures the participant's reported quality of vision. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes a better perception of vision

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--General Vision Score Subscale 3 months	70 score on a scale Standard Deviation 14.142	—
NEI-VFQ-25--General Vision Score Subscale Baseline	65 score on a scale Standard Deviation 19.149	—
NEI-VFQ-25--General Vision Score Subscale 2 months	60 score on a scale Standard Deviation 28.284	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: The study's start was delayed due to COVID so only 1 participant was able to complete the 6 month follow-up within the grant time frame.

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The General Vision Score measures the participant's reported quality of vision. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes a better perception of vision

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--General Vision Score Subscale	80 score on a scale	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 2 months, 3 months

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Ocular Pain Score Subscale measures reported pain or discomfort in and around the eyes. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life related to ocular pain.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Ocular Pain Score Subscale Baseline	90.625 score on a scale Standard Deviation 6.25	—
NEI-VFQ-25--Ocular Pain Score Subscale 2 months	90.625 score on a scale Standard Deviation 11.968	—
NEI-VFQ-25--Ocular Pain Score Subscale 3 months	81.25 score on a scale Standard Deviation 26.517	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: The study's start was delayed due to COVID so only 1 participant was able to complete the 6 month follow-up within the grant time frame.

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Ocular Pain Score Subscale measures reported pain or discomfort in and around the eyes. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life related to ocular pain.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Ocular Pain Score Subscale	100 score on a scale	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 2 months, 3 months

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Near Activities Score Subscale measures difficulty with performing near activities. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life related to near activities.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Near Activities Score Subscale Baseline	56.25 score on a scale Standard Deviation 22.948	—
NEI-VFQ-25--Near Activities Score Subscale 2 months	60.417 score on a scale Standard Deviation 31.458	—
NEI-VFQ-25--Near Activities Score Subscale 3 months	75 score on a scale Standard Deviation 11.785	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: The study's start was delayed due to COVID so only 1 participant was able to complete the 6 month follow-up within the grant time frame.

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Near Activities Score Subscale measures difficulty with performing near activities. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life related to near activities.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Near Activities Score Subscale	75 score on a scale	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 2 months, 3 months

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Distance Activities Score Subscale measures difficulty with performing distance activities. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life related to distance activities.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Distance Activities Score Subscale Baseline	48.333 score on a scale Standard Deviation 18.609	—
NEI-VFQ-25--Distance Activities Score Subscale 2 months	76.25 score on a scale Standard Deviation 19.167	—
NEI-VFQ-25--Distance Activities Score Subscale 3 months	77.5 score on a scale Standard Deviation 20.035	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: The study's start was delayed due to COVID so only 1 participant was able to complete the 6 month follow-up within the grant time frame.

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Distance Activities Score Subscale measures difficulty with performing distance activities. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life related to distance activities.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Distance Activities Score Subscale	75 score on a scale	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 2 months, 3 months

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Social Functioning Score Subscale measures how vision difficulties affect social functioning. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life related to social functioning.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Social Functioning Score Subscale Baseline	55 score on a scale Standard Deviation 24.495	—
NEI-VFQ-25--Social Functioning Score Subscale 2 months	70.625 score on a scale Standard Deviation 35.259	—
NEI-VFQ-25--Social Functioning Score Subscale 3 months	87.5 score on a scale Standard Deviation 17.678	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: The study's start was delayed due to COVID so only 1 participant was able to complete the 6 month follow-up within the grant time frame.

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Social Functioning Score Subscale measures how vision difficulties affect social functioning. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life related to social functioning.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Social Functioning Score Subscale	87.5 score on a scale	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 2 months, 3 months

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Mental Health Score Subscale measures how much patients feel vision affects their mental health. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life relating to mental health.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Mental Health Score Subscale Baseline	51.563 score on a scale Standard Deviation 32.022	—
NEI-VFQ-25--Mental Health Score Subscale 2 months	48.4375 score on a scale Standard Deviation 35.858	—
NEI-VFQ-25--Mental Health Score Subscale 3 months	56.25 score on a scale Standard Deviation 61.872	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: The study's start was delayed due to COVID so only 1 participant was able to complete the 6 month follow-up within the grant time frame.

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Mental Health Score Subscale measures how much patients feel vision affects their mental health. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life relating to mental health.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Mental Health Score Subscale	98.73 score on a scale	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 2 months, 3 months

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Role Difficulties Score Subscale measures how limited by their vision patients feel they are. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life relating to role difficulties.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Role Difficulties Score Subscale 3 months	50 score on a scale Standard Deviation 70.711	—
NEI-VFQ-25--Role Difficulties Score Subscale Baseline	62.5 score on a scale Standard Deviation 32.275	—
NEI-VFQ-25--Role Difficulties Score Subscale 2 months	65.625 score on a scale Standard Deviation 11.968	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: The study's start was delayed due to COVID so only 1 participant was able to complete the 6 month follow-up within the grant time frame.

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Role Difficulties Score Subscale measures how limited by their vision patients feel they are. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life relating to role difficulties.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Role Difficulties Score Subscale	100 score on a scale	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 2 months, 3 months

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Dependency Score Subscale measures how much patients are dependent on other people due to their vision. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life related to dependency.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Dependency Score Subscale Baseline	41.667 score on a scale Standard Deviation 35.355	—
NEI-VFQ-25--Dependency Score Subscale 2 months	50 score on a scale Standard Deviation 41.388	—
NEI-VFQ-25--Dependency Score Subscale 3 months	62.5 score on a scale Standard Deviation 53.033	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: The study's start was delayed due to COVID so only 1 participant was able to complete the 6 month follow-up within the grant time frame.

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Dependency Score Subscale measures how much patients are dependent on other people due to their vision. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life related to dependency.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Dependency Score Subscale	100 score on a scale	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 2 months, 3 months

Population: Driving Score Mean and Standard deviation could not be calculated because only one subject was driving and only for the 3 month follow up.

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Driving Score Subscale measures patients' reported difficulty with driving. The score ranges from 0 to 100. Patients who do not drive are not given a driving score. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life related to driving.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Driving Score Subscale 3 months	83.333 score on a scale	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: The study's start was delayed due to COVID so only 1 participant was able to complete the 6 month follow-up within the grant time frame.

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Driving Score Subscale measures patients' reported difficulty with driving. The score ranges from 0 to 100. Patients who do not drive are not given a driving score. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life related to driving.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Driving Score Subscale	58.33 score on a scale	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 2 months, 3 months

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Color Vision Score Subscale measures how much difficulty patients have with using color vision to complete daily activities such as picking out clothes. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life related to color vision.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Color Vision Score Subscale 2 months	87.5 score on a scale Standard Deviation 14.434	—
NEI-VFQ-25--Color Vision Score Subscale 3 months	87.5 score on a scale Standard Deviation 17.678	—
NEI-VFQ-25--Color Vision Score Subscale Baseline	75 score on a scale Standard Deviation 20.412	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: The study's start was delayed due to COVID so only 1 participant was able to complete the 6 month follow-up within the grant time frame.

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Color Vision Score Subscale measures how much difficulty patients have with using color vision to complete daily activities such as picking out clothes. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life related to color vision.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Color Vision Score Subscale	100 score on a scale	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 2 months, 3 months

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Peripheral Vision Score Subscale measures how much difficulty patients have with their peripheral vision to complete daily activities. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life related to peripheral vision.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Peripheral Vision Score Subscale Baseline	50 score on a scale Standard Deviation 35.3554	—
NEI-VFQ-25--Peripheral Vision Score Subscale 2 months	81.25 score on a scale Standard Deviation 37.5	—
NEI-VFQ-25--Peripheral Vision Score Subscale 3 months	62.5 score on a scale Standard Deviation 17.678	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: The study's start was delayed due to COVID so only 1 participant was able to complete the 6 month follow-up within the grant time frame.

The NEI-VFQ-25 is a 25-item questionnaire regarding the quality of vision, social functioning, visual dependency, near vision, and color vision. The Peripheral Vision Score Subscale measures how much difficulty patients have with their peripheral vision to complete daily activities. The score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score denotes better vision-specific quality of life related to peripheral vision.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
NEI-VFQ-25--Peripheral Vision Score Subscale	75 score on a scale	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 2 months

The VA LV VFQ-48 is a self-report instrument designed to measure difficulty visually impaired persons have performing daily activities. The acceptable range for the average item score is \<= 2.34 (most difficult) and \>=-2.22 (least difficult). Scores out of this range indicate something other than visual impairment is governing the patient's responses. The Item Score is the average functional reserve of all the items in the questionnaire excluding items which were rated Unscored (Difficult / don't do for Non-Visual Reasons). Functional reserve is the difference between a patient's visual ability and the visual ability needed to perform an activity.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
Veterans Affairs Low Vision Visual Function Questionnaire-48 (VA LV VFQ-48)--Item Score 2 Months	1.704 Score on a Scale Standard Deviation 0.948	—
Veterans Affairs Low Vision Visual Function Questionnaire-48 (VA LV VFQ-48)--Item Score Baseline	1.248 Score on a Scale Standard Deviation 0.898	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 months

Population: Only one subject completed this outcome measure during the 3 month follow-up due to study timeline constraints.

The VA LV VFQ-48 is a self-report instrument designed to measure difficulty visually impaired persons have performing daily activities. The acceptable range for the average item score is \<= 2.34 (most difficult) and \>=-2.22 (least difficult). Scores out of this range indicate something other than visual impairment is governing the patient's responses. The Item Score is the average functional reserve of all the items in the questionnaire excluding items which were rated Unscored (Difficult / don't do for Non-Visual Reasons). Functional reserve is the difference between a patient's visual ability and the visual ability needed to perform an activity.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
VA LV VFQ-48--Item Score	2.063 Score on a Scale	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: The study's start was delayed due to COVID so only 1 participant was able to complete the 6 month follow-up within the grant time frame.

The VA LV VFQ-48 is a self-report instrument designed to measure difficulty visually impaired persons have performing daily activities. The acceptable range for the average item score is \<= 2.34 (most difficult) and \>=-2.22 (least difficult). Scores out of this range indicate something other than visual impairment is governing the patient's responses. The Item Score is the average functional reserve of all the items in the questionnaire excluding items which were rated Unscored (Difficult / don't do for Non-Visual Reasons). Functional reserve is the difference between a patient's visual ability and the visual ability needed to perform an activity.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
VA LV VFQ-48--Item Score	1.955 Score on a Scale	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 2 months

The VA LV VFQ-48 is a self-report instrument designed to measure difficulty visually impaired persons have performing daily activities. The acceptable range for the average item score is \<= 2.34 and \>=-2.22. Scores out of this range indicate something other than visual impairment is governing the patient's responses. The reading domain score is calculated by calculating the average score of reading items. The composite score approximates a person's visual ability. The score is calculated using Massof's algorithm using the inverse hyperbolic tangent equation. For the composite score, a lower score is better.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
VA LV VFQ-48--Composite Score Baseline	-1.607 Score on a Scale Standard Deviation 1.923	—
VA LV VFQ-48--Composite Score 2 Months	-2.481 Score on a Scale Standard Deviation 1.834	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 months

Population: Only one subject completed this outcome measure during the 3 month follow-up due to study timeline constraints.

he VA LV VFQ-48 is a self-report instrument designed to measure difficulty visually impaired persons have performing daily activities. The acceptable range for the average item score is \<= 2.34 and \>=-2.22. Scores out of this range indicate something other than visual impairment is governing the patient's responses. The reading domain score is calculated by calculating the average score of reading items. The composite score approximates a person's visual ability. The score is calculated using Massof's algorithm using the inverse hyperbolic tangent equation. For the composite score, a lower score is better.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
VA LV VFQ-48--Composite Score	-2.415 Score on a Scale	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: The study's start was delayed due to COVID so only 1 participant was able to complete the 6 month follow-up within the grant time frame.

he VA LV VFQ-48 is a self-report instrument designed to measure difficulty visually impaired persons have performing daily activities. The acceptable range for the average item score is \<= 2.34 and \>=-2.22. Scores out of this range indicate something other than visual impairment is governing the patient's responses. The reading domain score is calculated by calculating the average score of reading items. The composite score approximates a person's visual ability. The score is calculated using Massof's algorithm using the inverse hyperbolic tangent equation. For the composite score, a lower score is better.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
VA LV VFQ-48--Composite Score	-2.095 Score on a Scale	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 2 months

The VA LV VFQ-48 is a self-report instrument designed to measure difficulty visually impaired persons have performing daily activities. The reading domain score is calculated by calculating the average score of reading items. Scores range from 0 to 3.5 logits, with higher scores denoting better ability to perform activities. The Reading Domain Score is the average functional reserve of the items measuring the reading functional domain, excluding items which were rated Unscored (Difficult / don't do for Non-Visual Reasons).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=5 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
VA LV VFQ-48--Reading Domain Score Baseline	1.839 Score on a Scale Standard Deviation 1.050	—
VA LV VFQ-48--Reading Domain Score 2 Months	2.230 Score on a Scale Standard Deviation 0.982	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 months

Population: Only one subject completed this outcome measure during the 3 month follow-up due to study timeline constraints.

The VA LV VFQ-48 is a self-report instrument designed to measure difficulty visually impaired persons have performing daily activities. The reading domain score is calculated by calculating the average score of reading items. Scores range from 0 to 3.5 logits, with higher scores denoting better ability to perform activities. The Reading Domain Score is the average functional reserve of the items measuring the reading functional domain, excluding items which were rated Unscored (Difficult / don't do for Non-Visual Reasons).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
VA LV VFQ-48--Reading Domain Score	2.673 Score on a Scale	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: The study's start was delayed due to COVID so only 1 participant was able to complete the 6 month follow-up within the grant time frame.

The VA LV VFQ-48 is a self-report instrument designed to measure difficulty visually impaired persons have performing daily activities. The reading domain score is calculated by calculating the average score of reading items. Scores range from 0 to 3.5 logits, with higher scores denoting better ability to perform activities. The Reading Domain Score is the average functional reserve of the items measuring the reading functional domain, excluding items which were rated Unscored (Difficult / don't do for Non-Visual Reasons).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment--Deficit Eye n=1 Participants Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--deficit eye. Deficit eye is the hemianopic side.	Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment-Intact Visual Auditory Virtual Reality rehabilitation for visual hemianopia group--intact eye. Intact eye is non-hemianopic side.
VA LV VFQ-48--Reading Domain Score	2.549 Score on a Scale	—

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: First visit after the completion of rehabilitation (1 or 2 months)

Change in the percentage of correctly identified trials.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: First visit after the completion of rehabilitation (1 or 2 months)

Change in the percentage of correctly identified trials for each color.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: First visit after the completion of rehabilitation (1 or 2 months)

Change in the percentage of correctly identified trials.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

Adverse Events

Experimental Group Virtual Reality (VR) Treatment

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Huai Jiang, PhD

Wake Forest School of Medicine

Phone: 336-695-6460

Email: [email protected]

Results disclosure agreements

Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
Publication restrictions are in place