Trial Outcomes & Findings for Neurofeedback in Individuals With Substance Use Disorders (NCT NCT04188288)

NCT ID: NCT04188288

Last Updated: 2024-09-25

Results Overview

Opioid use will be monitored by weekly urine test. This will be assessed as the percentage of negative tests.

Recruitment status

TERMINATED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

12 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline (week 1) to one month post follow-up (week 9)

Results posted on

2024-09-25

Participant Flow

12 participants enrolled with one participant excluded prior to randomization

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Neurofeedback
Three imaging (fMRI) sessions of experimental feedback. Experimental feedback: Participants provided with feedback of target brain activation patterns (for example, in the form of a line graph) and will be instructed to try to make the line go up or down.
Control Feedback
Three imaging (fMRI) sessions of control feedback. Control feedback (sham): Participants provided with control type of feedback (for example, in the form of a line graph) and will be instructed to try to make the line go up or down.
Overall Study
STARTED
8
3
Overall Study
Completed Scan Day 1
7
3
Overall Study
Completed Scan Day 2
5
3
Overall Study
Completed Scan Day 3
4
3
Overall Study
Completed Scan Day 4
4
3
Overall Study
Completed Scan Day 5
2
3
Overall Study
Completed 1 Month Follow up
3
3
Overall Study
COMPLETED
3
3
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
5
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Neurofeedback in Individuals With Substance Use Disorders

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Neurofeedback
n=8 Participants
Three imaging (fMRI) sessions of experimental feedback. Experimental feedback: Participants provided with feedback of target brain activation patterns (for example, in the form of a line graph) and will be instructed to try to make the line go up or down.
Control Feedback
n=3 Participants
Three imaging (fMRI) sessions of control feedback. Control feedback (sham): Participants provided with control type of feedback (for example, in the form of a line graph) and will be instructed to try to make the line go up or down.
Total
n=11 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
8 Participants
n=5 Participants
3 Participants
n=7 Participants
11 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
5 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
5 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
7 Participants
n=5 Participants
3 Participants
n=7 Participants
10 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
8 participants
n=5 Participants
3 participants
n=7 Participants
11 participants
n=5 Participants
Opioid Craving Scale
17.4 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.6 • n=5 Participants
16.8 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.6 • n=7 Participants
17.2 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.2 • n=5 Participants
Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology
9.0 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.4 • n=5 Participants
8.7 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.9 • n=7 Participants
8.9 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5 • n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline (week 1) to one month post follow-up (week 9)

Population: One participant in the experimental group did not have any urine tests.

Opioid use will be monitored by weekly urine test. This will be assessed as the percentage of negative tests.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Neurofeedback
n=12 urine tests
Three imaging (fMRI) sessions of experimental feedback. Experimental feedback: Participants provided with feedback of target brain activation patterns (for example, in the form of a line graph) and will be instructed to try to make the line go up or down.
Control Feedback
n=5 urine tests
Three imaging (fMRI) sessions of control feedback. Control feedback (sham): Participants provided with control type of feedback (for example, in the form of a line graph) and will be instructed to try to make the line go up or down.
Opioid Use: Urine Tests
17.9 percentage of negative tests
0 percentage of negative tests

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline (week 1) to one month post follow-up (week 9)

Population: Results presented here are for participants that had completed TLFB at both baseline and follow up.

Opioid use assessed using the timeline followback method (TLFB). TLFB asks subjects to estimate drug use during a specific time period in the past. Number of participants positive or negative for drug use.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Neurofeedback
n=2 Participants
Three imaging (fMRI) sessions of experimental feedback. Experimental feedback: Participants provided with feedback of target brain activation patterns (for example, in the form of a line graph) and will be instructed to try to make the line go up or down.
Control Feedback
n=2 Participants
Three imaging (fMRI) sessions of control feedback. Control feedback (sham): Participants provided with control type of feedback (for example, in the form of a line graph) and will be instructed to try to make the line go up or down.
Opioid Use: Timeline Followback Method (TLFB)
Follow up · Positive
2 Participants
2 Participants
Opioid Use: Timeline Followback Method (TLFB)
Baseline · Negative
1 Participants
1 Participants
Opioid Use: Timeline Followback Method (TLFB)
Baseline · Positive
1 Participants
1 Participants
Opioid Use: Timeline Followback Method (TLFB)
Follow up · Negative
0 Participants
0 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline (week 1) through follow up (week 5)

Population: Results are reported for resting state as task data was not able to be collected as planned and for participants that completed all 5 scans.

This outcome will be assessed with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans. Opioid abstinence network connectivity strength will be calculated during resting state (H2a). (Data was not able to be collected at MIDT and Stroop tasks as intended.) 0 represents no engagement of the opioid abstinence network. As as a novel brain network measure, there are no defined clinical cutoffs for functional connectivity. Reported is the Z-score Fisher transformed correlation coefficient.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Neurofeedback
n=2 Participants
Three imaging (fMRI) sessions of experimental feedback. Experimental feedback: Participants provided with feedback of target brain activation patterns (for example, in the form of a line graph) and will be instructed to try to make the line go up or down.
Control Feedback
n=3 Participants
Three imaging (fMRI) sessions of control feedback. Control feedback (sham): Participants provided with control type of feedback (for example, in the form of a line graph) and will be instructed to try to make the line go up or down.
Mean Change in Functional Connectivity Patterns in the Brain
-11.2 Fisher Z-transform corr. coefficient
Standard Deviation 13.4
38.7 Fisher Z-transform corr. coefficient
Standard Deviation 67.7

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline (week 1) to one month post follow-up (*week 9*)

Population: Results presented here is for participants that have both baseline and follow up data.

This outcome will be measured with the Opioid Craving Scale, a 3-item measure of craving that uses a 0-10 analog scale. Total possible score is 0-30, with higher score indicating more craving.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Neurofeedback
n=2 Participants
Three imaging (fMRI) sessions of experimental feedback. Experimental feedback: Participants provided with feedback of target brain activation patterns (for example, in the form of a line graph) and will be instructed to try to make the line go up or down.
Control Feedback
n=3 Participants
Three imaging (fMRI) sessions of control feedback. Control feedback (sham): Participants provided with control type of feedback (for example, in the form of a line graph) and will be instructed to try to make the line go up or down.
Mean Opioid Craving Score
Baseline
18.8 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.9
16.8 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.6
Mean Opioid Craving Score
Follow up
23.8 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.5
16.0 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.9

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline (week 1) to one month post follow-up (week 9)

Population: Results presented here is for participants that have both baseline and follow up data.

This outcome will be measured by the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology. This is a 16-item measure, using a 0-3 scale for each item. Total possible score is 0-48, with higher scores indicating greater symptom severity.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Neurofeedback
n=2 Participants
Three imaging (fMRI) sessions of experimental feedback. Experimental feedback: Participants provided with feedback of target brain activation patterns (for example, in the form of a line graph) and will be instructed to try to make the line go up or down.
Control Feedback
n=3 Participants
Three imaging (fMRI) sessions of control feedback. Control feedback (sham): Participants provided with control type of feedback (for example, in the form of a line graph) and will be instructed to try to make the line go up or down.
Negative Affect Mean Score
Follow up
14.5 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.1
6.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.5
Negative Affect Mean Score
Baseline
12 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.4
8.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.9

Adverse Events

Neurofeedback

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Control Feedback

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Kathleen Garrison, PhD

Yale University

Phone: 203-737-6232

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place