Trial Outcomes & Findings for Empower Opioid Misuse & Chronic Pain (NCT NCT04184362)

NCT ID: NCT04184362

Last Updated: 2023-08-03

Results Overview

Each participant will be given the Empower app and trained on app use. They will record pain levels daily on the Empower app, with a 0-100 scale. 0 indicating a lack of pain outcome, and 100 indicating maximum pain score. Pain score measures will be taken throughout the study. The Empower App will prompt all participants daily to complete the Numeric Rating Scale to assess pain levels immediately before and after treatment. Participants complete daily measures of Visual Analog Scale for scores on Numeric Rating Pain Scale, to assess pain intensity before and after treatment or sham condition. The data reported is the mean average of all scores taken daily from baseline to week 3, and reflects scores from both before and after treatment.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

10 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline to Week 3

Results posted on

2023-08-03

Participant Flow

245 potentials received outreach materials. 204 potentials connected with the study staff. 115 potentials consented for pre-screening.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Experimental Group Tested at the Active Treatment Site
The theranova empower device will be tested at the active treatment site. Empower Neuromodulation System Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation: Participants will self-administer treatment with the Empower device two times daily for two weeks. Participants will complete surveys over the two-week period to evaluate the effects of the Empower treatment.
Control Sham Group Tested at the Sham Control Treatment Site
The theranova empower device will be tested the sham control treatment site. Empower Neuromodulation System Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation: Participants will self-administer treatment with the Empower device two times daily for two weeks. Participants will complete surveys over the two-week period to evaluate the effects of the Empower treatment.
Overall Study
STARTED
5
5
Overall Study
COMPLETED
5
5
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
0
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Empower Opioid Misuse & Chronic Pain

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Experimental Group Tested at the Active Treatment Site
n=5 Participants
The theranova empower device will be tested at the active treatment site. Empower Neuromodulation System Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation: Participants will self-administer treatment with the Empower device two times daily for two weeks. Participants will complete surveys over the two-week period to evaluate the effects of the Empower treatment.
Control Sham Group Tested at the Sham Control Treatment Site
n=5 Participants
The theranova empower device will be tested the sham control treatment site. Empower Neuromodulation System Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation: Participants will self-administer treatment with the Empower device two times daily for two weeks. Participants will complete surveys over the two-week period to evaluate the effects of the Empower treatment.
Total
n=10 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
5 Participants
n=5 Participants
3 Participants
n=7 Participants
8 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Continuous
70 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.6 • n=5 Participants
64 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13 • n=7 Participants
67 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.6 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
5 Participants
n=7 Participants
9 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Race: White
3 participants
n=5 Participants
5 participants
n=7 Participants
8 participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Race: Black or African American
1 participants
n=5 Participants
0 participants
n=7 Participants
1 participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Race: Unknown or Not Reported
1 participants
n=5 Participants
0 participants
n=7 Participants
1 participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Ethnicity: Unknown or Not Reported
1 participants
n=5 Participants
0 participants
n=7 Participants
1 participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Ethnicity: Not Hispanic or Latino
4 participants
n=5 Participants
5 participants
n=7 Participants
9 participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
5 participants
n=5 Participants
5 participants
n=7 Participants
10 participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline to Week 3

Each participant will be given the Empower app and trained on app use. They will record pain levels daily on the Empower app, with a 0-100 scale. 0 indicating a lack of pain outcome, and 100 indicating maximum pain score. Pain score measures will be taken throughout the study. The Empower App will prompt all participants daily to complete the Numeric Rating Scale to assess pain levels immediately before and after treatment. Participants complete daily measures of Visual Analog Scale for scores on Numeric Rating Pain Scale, to assess pain intensity before and after treatment or sham condition. The data reported is the mean average of all scores taken daily from baseline to week 3, and reflects scores from both before and after treatment.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Experimental Group Tested at the Active Treatment Site
n=5 Participants
The theranova empower device will be tested at the active treatment site. Empower Neuromodulation System Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation: Participants will self-administer treatment with the Empower device two times daily for two weeks. Participants will complete surveys over the two-week period to evaluate the effects of the Empower treatment.
Control Sham Group Tested at the Sham Control Treatment Site
n=5 Participants
The theranova empower device will be tested the sham control treatment site. Empower Neuromodulation System Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation: Participants will self-administer treatment with the Empower device two times daily for two weeks. Participants will complete surveys over the two-week period to evaluate the effects of the Empower treatment.
Pain Intensity Score Measures
55 Score on a scale
Standard Deviation 25
57 Score on a scale
Standard Deviation 22

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline to Week 3

Each participant will be given the Empower app and trained on app use. They will record craving levels daily on the Empower app, with a 0-100 scale. 0 indicating an outcome with a lack of craving, and 100 indicating an outcome with maximum craving intensity. The Empower App will prompt all participants daily to complete the following measure of Visual Analog Scale, to assess craving intensity before and after treatment. Participants complete daily measures of Visual Analog Scale, to assess craving immediately before and after treatment or sham condition. The data reported is the mean average of all scores taken daily from baseline to week 3, and reflects scores from both before and after treatment.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Experimental Group Tested at the Active Treatment Site
n=5 Participants
The theranova empower device will be tested at the active treatment site. Empower Neuromodulation System Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation: Participants will self-administer treatment with the Empower device two times daily for two weeks. Participants will complete surveys over the two-week period to evaluate the effects of the Empower treatment.
Control Sham Group Tested at the Sham Control Treatment Site
n=5 Participants
The theranova empower device will be tested the sham control treatment site. Empower Neuromodulation System Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation: Participants will self-administer treatment with the Empower device two times daily for two weeks. Participants will complete surveys over the two-week period to evaluate the effects of the Empower treatment.
Opioid Craving Intensity With Empower Neuromodulation Active Treatment Versus Control Treatment
29 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 20
33 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 35

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline to Week 3

The Empower App will prompt all participants daily to complete the measure of prescribed and nonprescribed self-reported opioid use for the previous day, and morphine equivalents will be recorded weekly through timeline follow back reviews with staff. Population being treated at active and sham sites report opioid use, in Morphine Equivalent (mg) doses.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Experimental Group Tested at the Active Treatment Site
n=5 Participants
The theranova empower device will be tested at the active treatment site. Empower Neuromodulation System Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation: Participants will self-administer treatment with the Empower device two times daily for two weeks. Participants will complete surveys over the two-week period to evaluate the effects of the Empower treatment.
Control Sham Group Tested at the Sham Control Treatment Site
n=5 Participants
The theranova empower device will be tested the sham control treatment site. Empower Neuromodulation System Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation: Participants will self-administer treatment with the Empower device two times daily for two weeks. Participants will complete surveys over the two-week period to evaluate the effects of the Empower treatment.
Mean Morphine Equivalent Doses: Opioid Use With Empower Active Treatment Versus Control Treatment
1882 Morphine Equivalents (mg)
Standard Deviation 3040
336 Morphine Equivalents (mg)
Standard Deviation 387

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Treatment Time Frame: Week 1 to Week 3

Population: Data for this outcome measure were not collected and therefore can not be reported here.

General health measures will be monitored through surveys administered through Qualtrics (except for Week 0 screening visit surveys). The surveys will be emailed to participants to measure multidimensional assessment of interoceptive awareness (MAIA-2) 0-5 scale, physical activity (PAS-2) records average activity time per week, brief anxiety inventory (BAI) 0-3 scale, insomnia severity index (ISI) with a 0-4 scale, and distress intolerance index (DII) with a 0-4 scale. Increased MAIA-2 \& PAS2, or decreased BAI, ISI, and DII show improvement.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

Adverse Events

Experimental Group Tested at the Active Treatment Site

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Control Sham Group Tested at the Sham Control Treatment Site

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Joannalyn Delacruz, Ph.D.

SFVA

Phone: 415-375-5748

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place