Trial Outcomes & Findings for Effect of Epidural Stimulation on Muscle Activation and Sensory Perception (NCT NCT04157400)

NCT ID: NCT04157400

Last Updated: 2023-02-15

Results Overview

During intraoperative testing of varying stimulation parameters, the research team plans to collect evoked potentials via electromyography (EMG) as the primary outcome for step one. Evoked potential amplitude, recorded at specific muscles of interest, will be collected for nerve root activation threshold. The research team plans to look at musculature receiving innervation from varying levels of the spinal cord in order to determine any difference among stimulation type regarding nerve root isolation.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

5 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Data collection for step one is expected to last approximately fifteen minutes during the spinal cord stimulation surgery.

Results posted on

2023-02-15

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation
Subjects with chronic pain that have been scheduled to receive spinal cord simulators for standard of care treatment. Intraoperative Parameter Testing: Step 1: Recording and stimulation of spinal potentials during insertion of epidural spinal stimulator paddle
Overall Study
STARTED
5
Overall Study
COMPLETED
1
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
4

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation
Subjects with chronic pain that have been scheduled to receive spinal cord simulators for standard of care treatment. Intraoperative Parameter Testing: Step 1: Recording and stimulation of spinal potentials during insertion of epidural spinal stimulator paddle
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
1
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
3

Baseline Characteristics

Effect of Epidural Stimulation on Muscle Activation and Sensory Perception

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation
n=5 Participants
Subjects with chronic pain that have been scheduled to receive spinal cord simulators for standard of care treatment. Intraoperative Parameter Testing: Step 1: Recording and stimulation of spinal potentials during insertion of epidural spinal stimulator paddle Once the epidural paddle is placed, study procedures will begin by connecting the terminals of the paddle to an electrophysiological recording device for signal amplification and filtering. Using this recording setup, motor evoked potential (MEP) and somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) protocols will be performed to determine motor and sensory thresholds, respectively. Next, the surgical procedure will resume and after the implantable pulse generator (IPG) has been placed, study procedures will begin again and include activation of both low-frequency tonic stimulation (LFTS) and high-frequency burst stimulation (HFBS) patterns from the inserted paddle while recording EMG signals.
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
5 participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Data collection for step one is expected to last approximately fifteen minutes during the spinal cord stimulation surgery.

Population: Three participants did not have sufficient data to analyze - 2 of the patients did not undergo the 2nd part of the protocol and 1 patient decided not to have surgery. One patient withdrew from the study prior to undergoing surgery.

During intraoperative testing of varying stimulation parameters, the research team plans to collect evoked potentials via electromyography (EMG) as the primary outcome for step one. Evoked potential amplitude, recorded at specific muscles of interest, will be collected for nerve root activation threshold. The research team plans to look at musculature receiving innervation from varying levels of the spinal cord in order to determine any difference among stimulation type regarding nerve root isolation.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation
n=1 Participants
Subjects with chronic pain that have been scheduled to receive spinal cord simulators for standard of care treatment.
Electromyography Response Amplitude
Vastus Lateralis (EMG); 40 Hz LFTS (Stimulation)
33.7 microvolts (mV)
Standard Error 0.7
Electromyography Response Amplitude
Vastus Lateralis (EMG); 600 Hz HFBS, 40 Hz interburst (Stimulation)
122.1 microvolts (mV)
Standard Error 2.5
Electromyography Response Amplitude
Tibialis Anterior (EMG); 40 Hz LFTS (Stimulation)
39.2 microvolts (mV)
Standard Error 0.8
Electromyography Response Amplitude
Soleus (EMG); 40 Hz LFTS (Stimulation)
90.4 microvolts (mV)
Standard Error 1.2
Electromyography Response Amplitude
Soleus (EMG); 600 Hz HFBS, 40 Hz interburst (Stimulation)
143.0 microvolts (mV)
Standard Error 2.6
Electromyography Response Amplitude
Tibialis Anterior (EMG); 600 Hz HFBS, 40 Hz interburst (Stimulation)
69.7 microvolts (mV)
Standard Error 0.9

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Data collection for step two is expected to last approximately two hours.

Population: Three participants did not have sufficient data to analyze - 2 of the patients did not undergo the 2nd part of the protocol and 1 patient decided not to have surgery. One patient withdrew from the study prior to undergoing surgery.

Proprioception signaling will be tested using a Biodex machine that can apply passive flexion/extension at the knee while the subject reports 1) Feeling of movement and 2) Direction of movement. Specific data of interest will be the amount of degrees of flexion/extension of the knee that have occurred before the subject perceives the movement, which is reflective of proprioceptive signaling. Testing while experiencing varying types of stimulation will yield important information regarding physiological sensory modulation from the stimulator. The research team plans to use a repeated measures two-way ANOVA with epidural stimulation type and current amplitude of above and below EMG activation threshold to investigate effects on proprioception detection signaling.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation
n=1 Participants
Subjects with chronic pain that have been scheduled to receive spinal cord simulators for standard of care treatment.
Proprioception Testing
Degrees of passive knee flexion / extension before detection: No stimulation
3.93 Degrees of Flexion / Extension
Standard Error 0.35
Proprioception Testing
Degrees of passive knee flexion / extension before detection: 40 Hz LFTS
6.71 Degrees of Flexion / Extension
Standard Error 0.63
Proprioception Testing
Degrees of passive knee flexion / extension before detection: 600 Hz HFBS, 40 Hz interburst
4.52 Degrees of Flexion / Extension
Standard Error 0.21

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Data collection for step three is expected to last approximately two hours.

Population: Three participants did not have sufficient data to analyze - 2 of the patients did not undergo the 2nd part of the protocol and 1 patient decided not to have surgery. One patient withdrew from the study prior to undergoing surgery.

During gait analysis, the research team plans to collect surface electromyography (EMG) signals of lower extremity musculature to measure activation synergies and amplitudes. Segments of EMG that are recorded during walking will be analyzed with an algorithm that yields hierarchal complexities representing muscle synergies known as EMG moduling. The research team plans to use a two-way repeated measures ANOVA model in order to investigate the varying differences in stimulation type and effect on EMG module complexity to investigate the relationship between sensory pathway modulation and motor control during functional task.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation
n=1 Participants
Subjects with chronic pain that have been scheduled to receive spinal cord simulators for standard of care treatment.
Change in Electromyography Microvoltage Signal During Walking
EMG Module Complexity During No Stimulation
4.1 microvolts (mV)
Change in Electromyography Microvoltage Signal During Walking
EMG Module Complexity During 40 Hz LFTS
2.6 microvolts (mV)
Change in Electromyography Microvoltage Signal During Walking
EMG Module Complexity During 600 Hz HFBS, 40 Hz interburst
3.2 microvolts (mV)

Adverse Events

Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Nathan Rowland

MUSC

Phone: 843-792-6590

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place