Trial Outcomes & Findings for Denosumab to Prevent High-Turnover Bone Loss After Bariatric Surgery (NCT NCT04087096)

NCT ID: NCT04087096

Last Updated: 2025-10-29

Results Overview

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE4

Target enrollment

36 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Pre-operative baseline to post-operative month 19

Results posted on

2025-10-29

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Denosumab
Denosumab 60mg subcutaneous injection every 6 months Denosumab: Denosumab will be administered at postoperative months 1, 7, and 13 Zoledronic Acid: Zoledronic Acid 5mg will be administered intravenously at postoperative month 19
Placebo
Placebo subcutaneous injection every 6 months Placebo: Placebo will be administered at postoperative months 1, 7, and 13 Zoledronic Acid: Zoledronic Acid 5mg will be administered intravenously at postoperative month 19
Overall Study
STARTED
24
12
Overall Study
COMPLETED
24
12
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
0
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Denosumab to Prevent High-Turnover Bone Loss After Bariatric Surgery

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Denosumab
n=24 Participants
Denosumab 60mg subcutaneous injection every 6 months Denosumab: Denosumab will be administered at postoperative months 1, 7, and 13 Zoledronic Acid: Zoledronic Acid 5mg will be administered intravenously at postoperative month 19
Placebo
n=12 Participants
Placebo subcutaneous injection every 6 months Placebo: Placebo will be administered at postoperative months 1, 7, and 13 Zoledronic Acid: Zoledronic Acid 5mg will be administered intravenously at postoperative month 19
Total
n=36 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
56.71 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.03 • n=5 Participants
56.58 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.04 • n=7 Participants
56.67 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.95 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
15 Participants
n=5 Participants
9 Participants
n=7 Participants
24 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
9 Participants
n=5 Participants
3 Participants
n=7 Participants
12 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
22 Participants
n=5 Participants
10 Participants
n=7 Participants
32 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
17 Participants
n=5 Participants
11 Participants
n=7 Participants
28 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
5 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
24 participants
n=5 Participants
12 participants
n=7 Participants
36 participants
n=5 Participants
Pre-Op Body Mass Index (BMI)
43.9 kg/m2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.59 • n=5 Participants
43.8 kg/m2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.36 • n=7 Participants
43.87 kg/m2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.76 • n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Pre-operative baseline to post-operative month 19

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Denosumab
n=24 Participants
Denosumab 60mg subcutaneous injection every 6 months Denosumab: Denosumab will be administered at postoperative months 1, 7, and 13 Zoledronic Acid: Zoledronic Acid 5mg will be administered intravenously at postoperative month 19
Placebo
n=12 Participants
Placebo subcutaneous injection every 6 months Placebo: Placebo will be administered at postoperative months 1, 7, and 13 Zoledronic Acid: Zoledronic Acid 5mg will be administered intravenously at postoperative month 19
Percentage Change in Total Hip Bone Mineral Density
0.60 percentage of change
Interval -0.66 to 1.87
-6.44 percentage of change
Interval -8.74 to -4.13

Adverse Events

Denosumab

Serious events: 5 serious events
Other events: 24 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Placebo

Serious events: 1 serious events
Other events: 12 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Denosumab
n=24 participants at risk
Denosumab 60mg subcutaneous injection every 6 months Denosumab: Denosumab will be administered at postoperative months 1, 7, and 13 Zoledronic Acid: Zoledronic Acid 5mg will be administered intravenously at postoperative month 19
Placebo
n=12 participants at risk
Placebo subcutaneous injection every 6 months Placebo: Placebo will be administered at postoperative months 1, 7, and 13 Zoledronic Acid: Zoledronic Acid 5mg will be administered intravenously at postoperative month 19
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Musculoskeletal Issues
8.3%
2/24 • Baseline to 19 months
0.00%
0/12 • Baseline to 19 months
General disorders
Vaccine Reaction
4.2%
1/24 • Baseline to 19 months
0.00%
0/12 • Baseline to 19 months
General disorders
Orthostasis
0.00%
0/24 • Baseline to 19 months
8.3%
1/12 • Baseline to 19 months
Gastrointestinal disorders
Other GI Issues
8.3%
2/24 • Baseline to 19 months
0.00%
0/12 • Baseline to 19 months
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Motor Vehicle Accident
0.00%
0/24 • Baseline to 19 months
8.3%
1/12 • Baseline to 19 months

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Denosumab
n=24 participants at risk
Denosumab 60mg subcutaneous injection every 6 months Denosumab: Denosumab will be administered at postoperative months 1, 7, and 13 Zoledronic Acid: Zoledronic Acid 5mg will be administered intravenously at postoperative month 19
Placebo
n=12 participants at risk
Placebo subcutaneous injection every 6 months Placebo: Placebo will be administered at postoperative months 1, 7, and 13 Zoledronic Acid: Zoledronic Acid 5mg will be administered intravenously at postoperative month 19
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Musculoskeletal Issues
91.7%
22/24 • Baseline to 19 months
91.7%
11/12 • Baseline to 19 months
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Skin Rash or Discomfort
50.0%
12/24 • Baseline to 19 months
33.3%
4/12 • Baseline to 19 months
Nervous system disorders
Tingling/numbness
37.5%
9/24 • Baseline to 19 months
41.7%
5/12 • Baseline to 19 months
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea
8.3%
2/24 • Baseline to 19 months
0.00%
0/12 • Baseline to 19 months
Gastrointestinal disorders
Other GI Issues
25.0%
6/24 • Baseline to 19 months
16.7%
2/12 • Baseline to 19 months
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Fracture
4.2%
1/24 • Baseline to 19 months
16.7%
2/12 • Baseline to 19 months
General disorders
Dental Issues
25.0%
6/24 • Baseline to 19 months
33.3%
4/12 • Baseline to 19 months
Infections and infestations
COVID infection
20.8%
5/24 • Baseline to 19 months
25.0%
3/12 • Baseline to 19 months
General disorders
Confusion
12.5%
3/24 • Baseline to 19 months
8.3%
1/12 • Baseline to 19 months
General disorders
Lightheadedness/dizziness
20.8%
5/24 • Baseline to 19 months
8.3%
1/12 • Baseline to 19 months
Investigations
Abnormal Labs
12.5%
3/24 • Baseline to 19 months
0.00%
0/12 • Baseline to 19 months
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Anemia
4.2%
1/24 • Baseline to 19 months
8.3%
1/12 • Baseline to 19 months
Gastrointestinal disorders
Constipation
12.5%
3/24 • Baseline to 19 months
0.00%
0/12 • Baseline to 19 months
Psychiatric disorders
Depression
8.3%
2/24 • Baseline to 19 months
0.00%
0/12 • Baseline to 19 months
Eye disorders
Eye Irritation
4.2%
1/24 • Baseline to 19 months
8.3%
1/12 • Baseline to 19 months
Surgical and medical procedures
Eye Procedure
8.3%
2/24 • Baseline to 19 months
0.00%
0/12 • Baseline to 19 months
General disorders
Headache
8.3%
2/24 • Baseline to 19 months
0.00%
0/12 • Baseline to 19 months

Additional Information

Dr. Elaine Yu

Massachusetts General Hospital

Phone: 617-643-6353

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place