Advancing Access to Diagnostic Innovation Essential for UHC and AMR Prevention

NCT ID: NCT04081051

Last Updated: 2023-12-05

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

17294 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2020-08-31

Study Completion Date

2022-09-30

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

This study aims to evaluate clinical outcomes and antibiotic prescription patterns following the use of diagnostic algorithms, point of care (PoC) rapid diagnostic tests, and behaviour change interventions in cases of acute febrile illnesses in children, adolescents and adults presenting at out patient clinics in lower and middle income countries. The study is to be implemented in 2 phases- the first run from 2020 to 2021 and the 2nd phase from 2021 to 2022 to include COVID-19 PoCTs.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Background and rationale. 'Just-in-case' antibiotic prescribing practices is one of the causes of inadequate management of 'acute febrile illnesses' and AMR in Low- and Middle-income Countries (LMICs). At the same time, some people who would require antibiotic treatment do not get it. An improvement in case management and prescription practice might lead to a decrease in morbidity and mortality. Success will mean making significant steps toward achieving the dual goal of improving UHC and tackling AMR.

The PICO question addressed is: in children/ adolescents and adults (Population) presenting to outpatient clinics / peripheral health centres in LMICs with acute febrile illness/Respiratory Tract Infection can a combination of available PoC rapid diagnostic tests, diagnostic aids/algorithms, clinic process flow and, training and communication (Intervention) improve management of acute febrile illnesses and better target the use of antibiotics / reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions (Outcomes) compared to current practice (Control)?

Primary objective(s).

To evaluate the impact of a package of interventions (point of care \[PoC\] tests, clinical algorithm, clinic process flow, training and communication tools) on clinical outcomes and antibiotic prescriptions, with standard-of-care practices, in children and adolescents presenting with acute febrile illnesses (defined as fever with no focus or Respiratory Tract Infection lasting for no more than 7 days), at outpatient clinics.

Secondary objective(s)

1. To improve the management of acute febrile illness
2. To promote rational and targeted use of antibiotics for acute febrile illness
3. To determine the aetiology of fever in patients presenting to outpatient facilities using available PoC diagnostic tests
4. To study the safety and feasibility of a package of interventions compared to current practice of care
5. To assess the effectiveness of training and communication tools to adherence to the prescribed treatment

Primary endpoints

1. Proportion of outpatient cases of acute febrile illness with favourable outcome (defined as being alive and asymptomatic).
2. antibiotic prescriptions rates for acute febrile illness in the clinic Secondary endpoints (outcomes) 1. Duration of time spent in the clinic

2\. Proportion of patients treated for specific bacterial infection 3. Proportion of patients with disease specific diagnosis identified by PoC tests 4. Frequency of serious adverse event (SAE) within 7 days of recruitment 5. Frequency of unscheduled (unplanned) visit within 7 days of recruitment 6. Training and communication package uptake 7. Proportion of patients prescribed antibiotic at clinic who reported adherence to prescription on day 7 8. Proportion of patients who were not prescribed antibiotics at clinic who received antibiotics elsewhere between day 0 and day 7 9. Behaviour Change Intervention Recommendations

Trial design: A multi-centre, open label, two arm, randomized-controlled trial

Trial sites: This study will be conducted in outpatient departments and primary care clinics in Burkina Faso, Ghana, India, Nepal and Uganda.

Trial population: The study population will consist of children, adolescents and adults presenting to the health care facility, or provider, with acute fever or history of fever

Sample Size: 19,922

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Acute Febrile Illness

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

DIAGNOSTIC

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Intervention

Diagnostic algorithm( paper and electronic) utilizing pathogen specific and non-pathogen specific point of care, rapid diagnostic tests, behavioral change training for healthcare workers

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

diagnostic algorithm+Point of care rapid diagnostic tests+ Behavior change ( assessed together as a single package of interventions)

Intervention Type OTHER

Diagnostic algorithm utilizing pathogen specific and non-pathogen specific point of care, rapid diagnostic tests, behavioral change intervention for healthcare workers

control

Standard of care practices for acute febrile illness

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

diagnostic algorithm+Point of care rapid diagnostic tests+ Behavior change ( assessed together as a single package of interventions)

Diagnostic algorithm utilizing pathogen specific and non-pathogen specific point of care, rapid diagnostic tests, behavioral change intervention for healthcare workers

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Patients presenting with fever with no focus/RTI:

* Children (6 months to \<12 years) and adolescents (12 years to less than 18 years old) of both sexes .
* Presenting with an acute febrile illness defined as temperature of \>37.5°C or history of fever within the last 7 days with no focus or suspected RTI.
* Parent/guardian providing written informed consent for their children if less than 18 years of age.
* Obtain assent for adolescent between 12 and less than 18 years old
* Willing to provide blood and other samples and adhere to study procedures explained in the consent forms following the protocol.
* Available and willing to return for follow-up visit at the health facility on day 7 (+/- 2 days).

Exclusion Criteria

* o Children and adolescents from 6 months to less than 18 years old presenting with chronic febrile illness (fever lasting more than 7 days).

* Patients with acute febrile illness outside the allowed age range for the site.
* Severely ill patients requiring hospital admission or referral as assessed by the study clinicians.
* Anyone refusing consent to the study or not able to attend the health centre for follow-up (adults, the children of parents/guardians, or adolescents who refuse or are missed when asking for consent).
Minimum Eligible Age

6 Months

Maximum Eligible Age

65 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

University of Oxford

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Indian Council of Medical Research

OTHER_GOV

Sponsor Role collaborator

WHO, Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR)

UNKNOWN

Sponsor Role collaborator

Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics, Switzerland

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Piero Olliaro, MD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND)

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

IRSS-DRCO/Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro (CRUN)

Nanoro, , Burkina Faso

Site Status

Shai-Osudoku District Hospital

Accra, Dodowa, Ghana

Site Status

Jan Swathya Sahyog

Ganiyari, Chhattisgarh, India

Site Status

National Institute of Cholera & Enteric Diseases

Beliaghata, Kolkata, India

Site Status

R D Gardi Medical College

Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India

Site Status

Post Graduate Insitute Medical Education and Research

Chandigarh, , India

Site Status

Patan Academy of Health Sciences

Lalitpur, Lagankhel, Nepal

Site Status

Infectious Disease research collaboration

Kampala, , Uganda

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

Burma Burkina Faso Ghana India Nepal Uganda

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Kiemde F, Nkeramahame J, Ibarz AB, Dittrich S, Olliaro P, Valia D, Rouamba T, Kabore B, Kone AN, Sawadogo S, Bere AW, Some DY, Some AM, Compaore A, Horgan P, Weber S, Keller T, Tinto H. Impact of a package of point-of-care diagnostic tests, a clinical diagnostic algorithm and adherence training on antibiotic prescriptions for the management of non-severe acute febrile illness in primary health facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic in Burkina Faso. BMC Infect Dis. 2024 Aug 27;24(1):870. doi: 10.1186/s12879-024-09787-y.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 39192209 (View on PubMed)

Adjei A, Kukula V, Narh CT, Odopey S, Arthur E, Odonkor G, Mensah MM, Olliaro P, Horgan P, Dittrich S, Moore CE, Salami O, Awini E, Nkeramahame J, Williams J, Baiden R. Impact of Point-of-Care Rapid Diagnostic Tests on Antibiotic Prescription Among Patients Aged <18 Years in Primary Healthcare Settings in 2 Peri-Urban Districts in Ghana: Randomized Controlled Trial Results. Clin Infect Dis. 2023 Jul 25;77(Suppl 2):S145-S155. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad328.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 37490745 (View on PubMed)

Kiemde F, Valia D, Kabore B, Rouamba T, Kone AN, Sawadogo S, Compaore A, Salami O, Horgan P, Moore CE, Dittrich S, Nkeramahame J, Olliaro P, Tinto H. A Randomized Trial to Assess the Impact of a Package of Diagnostic Tools and Diagnostic Algorithm on Antibiotic Prescriptions for the Management of Febrile Illnesses Among Children and Adolescents in Primary Health Facilities in Burkina Faso. Clin Infect Dis. 2023 Jul 25;77(Suppl 2):S134-S144. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad331.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 37490742 (View on PubMed)

Compaore A, Ekusai-Sebatta D, Kaawa-Mafigiri D, Kukula V, Odopey S, Kapisi J, Hopkins H, Kiemde F, Tinto H, Baiden R, Olliaro P, Nkeramahame J, Dittrich S, Horgan P; ADIP study group. Viewpoint: Antimicrobial Resistance Diagnostics Use Accelerator: Qualitative Research on Adherence to Prescriptions. Clin Infect Dis. 2023 Jul 25;77(Suppl 2):S206-S210. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad323.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 37490738 (View on PubMed)

Salami O, Horgan P, Moore CE, Giri A, Sserwanga A, Pathak A, Basnyat B, Kiemde F, Smithuis F, Kitutu F, Phutke G, Tinto H, Hopkins H, Kapisi J, Swe MMM, Taneja N, Baiden R, Dutta S, Compaore A, Kaawa-Mafigiri D, Hussein R, Shakya SU, Kukula V, Ongarello S, Tomar A, Chadha SS, Walia K, Kelly-Cirino C, Olliaro P. Impact of a package of diagnostic tools, clinical algorithm, and training and communication on outpatient acute fever case management in low- and middle-income countries: protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2020 Nov 25;21(1):974. doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04897-9.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 33239106 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

AM 001

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id