Trial Outcomes & Findings for Arbitration Between Habitual and Goal-directed Behavior in Obsessive-compulsive Disorder: Circuit Dynamics and Effects of Noninvasive Neurostimulation (NCT NCT04075890)
NCT ID: NCT04075890
Last Updated: 2025-12-12
Results Overview
Strength of behaving model-based (goal-directed) is measured and quantifiedas a continuous real number between 0 and 1. Here, having a strength's valueof 1 of behaving model-based means that subject in her/his decision-making,exclusively and always utilizes a model-based (goal-directed) strategy fordecision making and having a value of Zero means not utilizing model-based(goal-directed) strategy at all when decising.
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
66 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
On the second or third session when subjects performed the task in the MRI scanner.
Results posted on
2025-12-12
Participant Flow
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Healthy Subjects: fMRI Imaging First, Then tDCS
Healthy control subjects who first underwent imaging experiments in which they performed tasks in the MRI scanner on their second visit (no brain stimulation) and on the third session, performed the same tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging).
|
Healthy Subjects:tDCS First, Then fMRI Imaging
Healthy control subjects that first performed the two tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging) on their second visit and on the third session performed the same tasks in the MRI scanner (no brain stimulation).
|
OCD Subjects: fMRI Imaging First, Then tDCS
OCD subjects who first underwent imaging experiments in which they performed tasks in the MRI scanner on their second visit (no brain stimulation) and on the third session, performed the same tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging).
|
OCDSubjects: tDCS First, Then fMRI Imaging
OCD control subjects that first performed the two tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging) on their second visit and on the third session performed the same tasks in the MRI scanner (no brain stimulation).
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
First Intervention (4 Days)
STARTED
|
16
|
16
|
16
|
18
|
|
First Intervention (4 Days)
COMPLETED
|
15
|
15
|
15
|
15
|
|
First Intervention (4 Days)
NOT COMPLETED
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
|
Second Intervention (4 Days)
STARTED
|
16
|
16
|
16
|
18
|
|
Second Intervention (4 Days)
COMPLETED
|
15
|
15
|
15
|
15
|
|
Second Intervention (4 Days)
NOT COMPLETED
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
Reasons for withdrawal
Withdrawal data not reported
Baseline Characteristics
Arbitration Between Habitual and Goal-directed Behavior in Obsessive-compulsive Disorder: Circuit Dynamics and Effects of Noninvasive Neurostimulation
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Healthy Subjects: fMRI Imaging First, Then tDCS
n=15 Participants
Healthy control subjects who first underwent imaging experiments in which they performed tasks in the MRI scanner on their second visit (no brain stimulation) and on the third session, performed the same tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging).
A) Healthy control inclusion criteria:
1-Males and females age 18-65 years fluent English speaker with signed informed consent.
B) Exclusion criteria for control participants:
1. presence of any MR scan contraindications particularly body metal or positive pregnancy test.
2. medical conditions in which cerebral metabolism might be compromised such as thyroid disorders, diabetes or current tobacco smoking (potential effect on imaging endpoints).
3. any history of seizure disorders.
|
Healthy Subjects: tDCS First, Then fMRI Imaging
n=15 Participants
Healthy control subjects that first performed the two tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging) on their second visit and on the third session performed the same tasks in the MRI scanner (no brain stimulation).
A) Healthy control inclusion criteria:
1-Males and females age 18-65 years fluent English speaker with signed informed consent.
B) Exclusion criteria for control participants:
1. presence of any MR scan contraindications particularly body metal or positive pregnancy test.
2. medical conditions in which cerebral metabolism might be compromised such as thyroid disorders, diabetes or current tobacco smoking (potential effect on imaging endpoints).
3. any history of seizure disorders.
|
OCD Subjects: fMRI Imaging First, Then tDCS
n=15 Participants
OCD subjects who first underwent imaging experiments in which they performed tasks in the MRI scanner on their second visit (no brain stimulation) and on the third session, performed the same tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging).
A) OCD participants inclusion criteria:
1. DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for OCD as primary (most severe) diagnosis (based on the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview).
2. Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) total score is equal or greater than 16.
3. unmediated or being on a stable dose of medication (only SSRIs and clomipramine) for at least 12 weeks prior to the study.
4. fluent English speaker.
5. signed informed consent.
B) OCD participants exclusion criteria:
1. IQ greater than 80 on the Wechsler Abbreviated Scales of Intelligence.
2. lifetime DSM-5 diagnosis of mania, psychotic disorder, or substance dependence (per MINI).
3. current DSM-5 diagnosis of MDD if Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale (MADRS) scores are equal or greater than 35 (severe), or ADHD.
4. taking any psychotropic medication other than SSRIs or clomipramine.
5. severe psychiatric symptom that requires immediate inpatient psychiatric intervention such as suicidality.
6. presence of any serious psychiatric, psychosocial, or neurological condition requiring immediate treatment.
C) Exclusion criteria for OCD participants:
1. presence of any MR scan contraindications particularly body metal or positive pregnancy test.
2. medical conditions in which ce
|
OCD Subjects: tDCS First, Then fMRI Imaging
n=15 Participants
OCD control subjects that first performed the two tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging) on their second visit and on the third session performed the same tasks in the MRI scanner (no brain stimulation).
A) OCD participants inclusion criteria:
1. DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for OCD as primary (most severe) diagnosis (based on the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview).
2. Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) total score is equal or greater than 16.
3. unmediated or being on a stable dose of medication (only SSRIs and clomipramine) for at least 12 weeks prior to the study.
4. fluent English speaker.
5. signed informed consent.
B) OCD participants exclusion criteria:
1. IQ greater than 80 on the Wechsler Abbreviated Scales of Intelligence.
2. lifetime DSM-5 diagnosis of mania, psychotic disorder, or substance dependence (per MINI).
3. current DSM-5 diagnosis of MDD if Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale (MADRS) scores are equal or greater than 35 (severe), or ADHD.
4. taking any psychotropic medication other than SSRIs or clomipramine.
5. severe psychiatric symptom that requires immediate inpatient psychiatric intervention such as suicidality.
6. presence of any serious psychiatric, psychosocial, or neurological condition requiring immediate treatment.
C) Exclusion criteria for OCD participants:
1. presence of any MR scan contraindications particularly body metal or positive pregnancy test.
2. medical conditions in which cerebral metabolism might be c
|
Total
n=60 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
|
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=24 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=391 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=1175 Participants
|
|
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
|
15 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=24 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=391 Participants
|
60 Participants
n=1175 Participants
|
|
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
|
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=24 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=391 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=1175 Participants
|
|
Age, Continuous
|
25 year
n=26 Participants
|
27 year
n=24 Participants
|
27 year
n=50 Participants
|
29 year
n=391 Participants
|
27 year
n=1175 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Female
|
10 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=24 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=391 Participants
|
35 Participants
n=1175 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Male
|
5 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=24 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=391 Participants
|
25 Participants
n=1175 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
|
3 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=24 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=391 Participants
|
12 Participants
n=1175 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
|
11 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
13 Participants
n=24 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
12 Participants
n=391 Participants
|
47 Participants
n=1175 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
1 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=24 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=391 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=1175 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
|
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=24 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=391 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=1175 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
|
5 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=24 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=391 Participants
|
16 Participants
n=1175 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
|
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=24 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=391 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=1175 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
|
2 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=24 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=391 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=1175 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
|
7 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=24 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=391 Participants
|
40 Participants
n=1175 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
|
1 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=24 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=391 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=1175 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=24 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=391 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=1175 Participants
|
|
Region of Enrollment
United States
|
15 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=24 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=391 Participants
|
60 Participants
n=1175 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: On the second or third session when subjects performed the task in the MRI scanner.Strength of behaving model-based (goal-directed) is measured and quantifiedas a continuous real number between 0 and 1. Here, having a strength's valueof 1 of behaving model-based means that subject in her/his decision-making,exclusively and always utilizes a model-based (goal-directed) strategy fordecision making and having a value of Zero means not utilizing model-based(goal-directed) strategy at all when decising.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Healthy Subjects: fMRI Imaging First, Then tDCS
n=15 Participants
Healthy control subjects who first underwent imaging experiments in which they performed tasks in the MRI scanner on their second visit (no brain stimulation) and on the third session, performed the same tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging).
A) Healthy control inclusion criteria:
1-Males and females age 18-65 years fluent English speaker with signed informed consent.
B) Exclusion criteria for control participants:
1. presence of any MR scan contraindications particularly body metal or positive pregnancy test.
2. medical conditions in which cerebral metabolism might be compromised such as thyroid disorders, diabetes or current tobacco smoking (potential effect on imaging endpoints).
3. any history of seizure disorders.
|
Healthy Subjects: tDCS First, Then fMRI Imaging
n=15 Participants
Healthy control subjects that first performed the two tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging) on their second visit and on the third session performed the same tasks in the MRI scanner (no brain stimulation).
A) Healthy control inclusion criteria:
1-Males and females age 18-65 years fluent English speaker with signed informed consent.
B) Exclusion criteria for control participants:
1. presence of any MR scan contraindications particularly body metal or positive pregnancy test.
2. medical conditions in which cerebral metabolism might be compromised such as thyroid disorders, diabetes or current tobacco smoking (potential effect on imaging endpoints).
3. any history of seizure disorders.
|
OCD Subjects: fMRI Imaging First, Then tDCS
n=15 Participants
OCD subjects who first underwent imaging experiments in which they performed tasks in the MRI scanner on their second visit (no brain stimulation) and on the third session, performed the same tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging).
A) OCD participants inclusion criteria:
1. DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for OCD as primary (most severe) diagnosis (based on the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview).
2. Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) total score is equal or greater than 16.
3. unmediated or being on a stable dose of medication (only SSRIs and clomipramine) for at least 12 weeks prior to the study.
4. fluent English speaker.
5. signed informed consent.
B) OCD participants exclusion criteria:
1. IQ greater than 80 on the Wechsler Abbreviated Scales of Intelligence.
2. lifetime DSM-5 diagnosis of mania, psychotic disorder, or substance dependence (per MINI).
3. current DSM-5 diagnosis of MDD if Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale (MADRS) scores are equal or greater than 35 (severe), or ADHD.
4. taking any psychotropic medication other than SSRIs or clomipramine.
5. severe psychiatric symptom that requires immediate inpatient psychiatric intervention such as suicidality.
6. presence of any serious psychiatric, psychosocial, or neurological condition requiring immediate treatment.
C) Exclusion criteria for OCD participants:
1. presence of any MR scan contraindications particularly body metal or positive pregnancy test.
2. medical conditions in which ce
|
OCD Subjects: tDCS First, Then fMRI Imaging
n=15 Participants
OCD control subjects that first performed the two tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging) on their second visit and on the third session performed the same tasks in the MRI scanner (no brain stimulation).
A) OCD participants inclusion criteria:
1. DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for OCD as primary (most severe) diagnosis (based on the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview).
2. Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) total score is equal or greater than 16.
3. unmediated or being on a stable dose of medication (only SSRIs and clomipramine) for at least 12 weeks prior to the study.
4. fluent English speaker.
5. signed informed consent.
B) OCD participants exclusion criteria:
1. IQ greater than 80 on the Wechsler Abbreviated Scales of Intelligence.
2. lifetime DSM-5 diagnosis of mania, psychotic disorder, or substance dependence (per MINI).
3. current DSM-5 diagnosis of MDD if Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale (MADRS) scores are equal or greater than 35 (severe), or ADHD.
4. taking any psychotropic medication other than SSRIs or clomipramine.
5. severe psychiatric symptom that requires immediate inpatient psychiatric intervention such as suicidality.
6. presence of any serious psychiatric, psychosocial, or neurological condition requiring immediate treatment.
C) Exclusion criteria for OCD participants:
1. presence of any MR scan contraindications particularly body metal or positive pregnancy test.
2. medical conditions in which cerebral metabolism might be c
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Strength of Behaving Model-based (Goal-directed)
|
0.09 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.132
|
0.07 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.14
|
-0.08 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.082
|
0.06 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.091
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: On the second or third session when subjects performed the task in the MRI scanner.This is a time interval (in seconds) between the start of presentation of visual stimuli with OCD themes and when subjects pushed a bottom to stop the presentation when they could not tolerate those more during symptom provocation and avoidance task.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Healthy Subjects: fMRI Imaging First, Then tDCS
n=15 Participants
Healthy control subjects who first underwent imaging experiments in which they performed tasks in the MRI scanner on their second visit (no brain stimulation) and on the third session, performed the same tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging).
A) Healthy control inclusion criteria:
1-Males and females age 18-65 years fluent English speaker with signed informed consent.
B) Exclusion criteria for control participants:
1. presence of any MR scan contraindications particularly body metal or positive pregnancy test.
2. medical conditions in which cerebral metabolism might be compromised such as thyroid disorders, diabetes or current tobacco smoking (potential effect on imaging endpoints).
3. any history of seizure disorders.
|
Healthy Subjects: tDCS First, Then fMRI Imaging
n=15 Participants
Healthy control subjects that first performed the two tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging) on their second visit and on the third session performed the same tasks in the MRI scanner (no brain stimulation).
A) Healthy control inclusion criteria:
1-Males and females age 18-65 years fluent English speaker with signed informed consent.
B) Exclusion criteria for control participants:
1. presence of any MR scan contraindications particularly body metal or positive pregnancy test.
2. medical conditions in which cerebral metabolism might be compromised such as thyroid disorders, diabetes or current tobacco smoking (potential effect on imaging endpoints).
3. any history of seizure disorders.
|
OCD Subjects: fMRI Imaging First, Then tDCS
n=15 Participants
OCD subjects who first underwent imaging experiments in which they performed tasks in the MRI scanner on their second visit (no brain stimulation) and on the third session, performed the same tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging).
A) OCD participants inclusion criteria:
1. DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for OCD as primary (most severe) diagnosis (based on the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview).
2. Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) total score is equal or greater than 16.
3. unmediated or being on a stable dose of medication (only SSRIs and clomipramine) for at least 12 weeks prior to the study.
4. fluent English speaker.
5. signed informed consent.
B) OCD participants exclusion criteria:
1. IQ greater than 80 on the Wechsler Abbreviated Scales of Intelligence.
2. lifetime DSM-5 diagnosis of mania, psychotic disorder, or substance dependence (per MINI).
3. current DSM-5 diagnosis of MDD if Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale (MADRS) scores are equal or greater than 35 (severe), or ADHD.
4. taking any psychotropic medication other than SSRIs or clomipramine.
5. severe psychiatric symptom that requires immediate inpatient psychiatric intervention such as suicidality.
6. presence of any serious psychiatric, psychosocial, or neurological condition requiring immediate treatment.
C) Exclusion criteria for OCD participants:
1. presence of any MR scan contraindications particularly body metal or positive pregnancy test.
2. medical conditions in which ce
|
OCD Subjects: tDCS First, Then fMRI Imaging
n=15 Participants
OCD control subjects that first performed the two tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging) on their second visit and on the third session performed the same tasks in the MRI scanner (no brain stimulation).
A) OCD participants inclusion criteria:
1. DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for OCD as primary (most severe) diagnosis (based on the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview).
2. Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) total score is equal or greater than 16.
3. unmediated or being on a stable dose of medication (only SSRIs and clomipramine) for at least 12 weeks prior to the study.
4. fluent English speaker.
5. signed informed consent.
B) OCD participants exclusion criteria:
1. IQ greater than 80 on the Wechsler Abbreviated Scales of Intelligence.
2. lifetime DSM-5 diagnosis of mania, psychotic disorder, or substance dependence (per MINI).
3. current DSM-5 diagnosis of MDD if Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale (MADRS) scores are equal or greater than 35 (severe), or ADHD.
4. taking any psychotropic medication other than SSRIs or clomipramine.
5. severe psychiatric symptom that requires immediate inpatient psychiatric intervention such as suicidality.
6. presence of any serious psychiatric, psychosocial, or neurological condition requiring immediate treatment.
C) Exclusion criteria for OCD participants:
1. presence of any MR scan contraindications particularly body metal or positive pregnancy test.
2. medical conditions in which cerebral metabolism might be c
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Reaction Time in Response to Stimuli With OCD Themes
|
5.6 seconds
Standard Deviation 2.18
|
5.5 seconds
Standard Deviation 2.91
|
4.3 seconds
Standard Deviation 2.01
|
4.8 seconds
Standard Deviation 2.93
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: On the second or third session when subjects performed the task in the MRI scannerHere, by applying Dynamic Causal Modeling (DCM) method, we measured thestrength of frontal arbitration (the interior frontal gyrus (IFG)) modulation ofbasal ganglia habit region (the posterolateral putamen) in terms of the effective(directed) connectivity between the interior frontal gyrus (IFG) andposterolateral putamen. This DCM-based effective connectivity can have avalue between -1 and +1. A value of -1 means a maximum effective connectivitybetween the interior frontal gyrus (IFG) and posterolateral putamen. A value of+1 means maximum excitatory effective connectivity between the interior frontalgyrus (IFG) and posterolateral putamen. And a value of 0 means no effectiveconnectivity between the interior frontal gyrus (IFG) and posterolateralputamen.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Healthy Subjects: fMRI Imaging First, Then tDCS
n=15 Participants
Healthy control subjects who first underwent imaging experiments in which they performed tasks in the MRI scanner on their second visit (no brain stimulation) and on the third session, performed the same tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging).
A) Healthy control inclusion criteria:
1-Males and females age 18-65 years fluent English speaker with signed informed consent.
B) Exclusion criteria for control participants:
1. presence of any MR scan contraindications particularly body metal or positive pregnancy test.
2. medical conditions in which cerebral metabolism might be compromised such as thyroid disorders, diabetes or current tobacco smoking (potential effect on imaging endpoints).
3. any history of seizure disorders.
|
Healthy Subjects: tDCS First, Then fMRI Imaging
n=15 Participants
Healthy control subjects that first performed the two tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging) on their second visit and on the third session performed the same tasks in the MRI scanner (no brain stimulation).
A) Healthy control inclusion criteria:
1-Males and females age 18-65 years fluent English speaker with signed informed consent.
B) Exclusion criteria for control participants:
1. presence of any MR scan contraindications particularly body metal or positive pregnancy test.
2. medical conditions in which cerebral metabolism might be compromised such as thyroid disorders, diabetes or current tobacco smoking (potential effect on imaging endpoints).
3. any history of seizure disorders.
|
OCD Subjects: fMRI Imaging First, Then tDCS
n=15 Participants
OCD subjects who first underwent imaging experiments in which they performed tasks in the MRI scanner on their second visit (no brain stimulation) and on the third session, performed the same tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging).
A) OCD participants inclusion criteria:
1. DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for OCD as primary (most severe) diagnosis (based on the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview).
2. Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) total score is equal or greater than 16.
3. unmediated or being on a stable dose of medication (only SSRIs and clomipramine) for at least 12 weeks prior to the study.
4. fluent English speaker.
5. signed informed consent.
B) OCD participants exclusion criteria:
1. IQ greater than 80 on the Wechsler Abbreviated Scales of Intelligence.
2. lifetime DSM-5 diagnosis of mania, psychotic disorder, or substance dependence (per MINI).
3. current DSM-5 diagnosis of MDD if Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale (MADRS) scores are equal or greater than 35 (severe), or ADHD.
4. taking any psychotropic medication other than SSRIs or clomipramine.
5. severe psychiatric symptom that requires immediate inpatient psychiatric intervention such as suicidality.
6. presence of any serious psychiatric, psychosocial, or neurological condition requiring immediate treatment.
C) Exclusion criteria for OCD participants:
1. presence of any MR scan contraindications particularly body metal or positive pregnancy test.
2. medical conditions in which ce
|
OCD Subjects: tDCS First, Then fMRI Imaging
n=15 Participants
OCD control subjects that first performed the two tasks when receiving brain stimulation by tDCS (no imaging) on their second visit and on the third session performed the same tasks in the MRI scanner (no brain stimulation).
A) OCD participants inclusion criteria:
1. DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for OCD as primary (most severe) diagnosis (based on the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview).
2. Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) total score is equal or greater than 16.
3. unmediated or being on a stable dose of medication (only SSRIs and clomipramine) for at least 12 weeks prior to the study.
4. fluent English speaker.
5. signed informed consent.
B) OCD participants exclusion criteria:
1. IQ greater than 80 on the Wechsler Abbreviated Scales of Intelligence.
2. lifetime DSM-5 diagnosis of mania, psychotic disorder, or substance dependence (per MINI).
3. current DSM-5 diagnosis of MDD if Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale (MADRS) scores are equal or greater than 35 (severe), or ADHD.
4. taking any psychotropic medication other than SSRIs or clomipramine.
5. severe psychiatric symptom that requires immediate inpatient psychiatric intervention such as suicidality.
6. presence of any serious psychiatric, psychosocial, or neurological condition requiring immediate treatment.
C) Exclusion criteria for OCD participants:
1. presence of any MR scan contraindications particularly body metal or positive pregnancy test.
2. medical conditions in which cerebral metabolism might be c
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Strength of Frontal Arbitration Modulation of Basal Ganglia Habit Region.
|
-0.07 units on ascale
Standard Deviation 0.121
|
-0.06 units on ascale
Standard Deviation 0.131
|
-0.003 units on ascale
Standard Deviation 0.161
|
-0.004 units on ascale
Standard Deviation 0.132
|
Adverse Events
Healthy Subjects: fMR Imaging
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Healthy Subjects: tDCS
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
OCD Subjects: fMRI Imaging
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
OCD Subjects:tDCS
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place