Slow-Stream Expiratory Muscle Strength Training for Veterans With Dysphagia Living in Long-term Care
NCT ID: NCT04064333
Last Updated: 2024-08-23
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.
WITHDRAWN
NA
INTERVENTIONAL
2022-09-30
2024-09-30
Brief Summary
Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.
Related Clinical Trials
Explore similar clinical trials based on study characteristics and research focus.
The Effects of Whole-body Exercise to Improve Swallowing Function in Older Adults With Dementia
NCT04362228
Effects of Expiratory Muscle Strength Training on Airway Protection and Swallowing in Chronic Dysphagia After Radiation Therapy
NCT03620084
Expiratory Muscle Strength Training (EMST) in Neuromuscular Disorders
NCT04009408
The Effects of Adding Expiratory Muscle Strength Training in Voice Therapy
NCT03692494
Measuring Pharyngeal Muscle Improvements Following Behavioral Swallowing Exercises
NCT05080725
Detailed Description
Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.
Expiratory muscle strength training (EMST) applied within a four-week intensive program (25 sets/week) has had promising results in improving cough function and reducing laryngeal penetration/aspiration (P/A) during swallowing in community-dwelling adults above the age of 65 years. The EMST150 is a handheld device with adjustable resistance that trains respiratory muscles used in exhalation. One set is defined as five exhales through the device set at a resistance level of 75% of an individual's maximum load, with a one minute break between breaths.
The intensive four week EMST program outlined in previous literature was appropriate for the active, community-dwelling population they were studying. However, it would not be appropriate for most of the residents in the VC due to the extreme age, multiple medical comorbidities, increased frailty, and decreased functional independence in this population. An important aim of this study is to promote success by creating a protocol that fits into the average resident's schedule in a feasible way, but also has a similar number of total breaths through the device, in order to achieve clinical results. Resident perspective was sought from the Residents' Council executive and meeting attendees, and the final protocol was approved in a Residents' Council meeting. Participants would continue doing their usual therapies and activities with the EMST protocol being an add-on to that.
The purpose of this study is to explore whether a modified, slow-stream EMST protocol of 12 sets/week over eight weeks is an effective therapy for improving pulmonary clearance and swallowing safety in LTC residents above the age of 85 years who have dysphagia. Primary outcomes will be assessed through a pre-post analysis of voluntary cough strength measured using spirometry, as well as laryngeal P/A measured under videofluoroscopy. Secondary outcome of swallowing-related quality of life will be measured using Dysphagia Handicap Index - Emotional scale and the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative Functional Diet Scale pre and post intervention, as well as at a 3 month follow-up. Incidence of respiratory tract infections requiring antibiotics in the three months post-intervention will be measured and compared with broader institutional data.
Conditions
See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.
Study Design
Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.
NA
SINGLE_GROUP
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
NONE
Study Groups
Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.
Slow-Stream Expiratory Muscle Strength Training
The therapy protocol consists of 12 sets of five breaths through the EMST150 device per week, in sessions of three or four sets (15 or 20 breaths). A typical schedule might be one 15 breath session four days per week, or one 20 breath session three days per week.
Slow-Stream Expiratory Muscle Strength Training
All participants will receive an initial visit for training on the therapy protocol, use of a weekly therapy log to track breaths, and use and maintenance of the EMST device. This will constitute the first EMST session and will be included in the therapy log as Week 1, Day 1. Each participant will have a minimum of seven weekly check-in visits from the research assistant and/or a member of the research team, where the EMST150 resistance will be recorded and adjusted to maintain training at 75% of their maximum load, as measured using the EMST150 device instruction manual. During these check-in visits, participants will provide their completed weekly therapy log and receive a new log.
Interventions
Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.
Slow-Stream Expiratory Muscle Strength Training
All participants will receive an initial visit for training on the therapy protocol, use of a weekly therapy log to track breaths, and use and maintenance of the EMST device. This will constitute the first EMST session and will be included in the therapy log as Week 1, Day 1. Each participant will have a minimum of seven weekly check-in visits from the research assistant and/or a member of the research team, where the EMST150 resistance will be recorded and adjusted to maintain training at 75% of their maximum load, as measured using the EMST150 device instruction manual. During these check-in visits, participants will provide their completed weekly therapy log and receive a new log.
Other Intervention Names
Discover alternative or legacy names that may be used to describe the listed interventions across different sources.
Eligibility Criteria
Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.
Inclusion Criteria
* Identified by their speech-language pathologist as at risk for laryngeal penetration/aspiration when drinking thin liquids
* A Penetration Aspiration Scale score of 3+ on at least one thin liquid bolus during pre-test videofluoroscopy, as rated live at the time of test by the speech-language pathologist conducting the videofluoroscopy.
* Cognitively and physically able to perform study tasks (spirometry, EMST). If assistance and/or cuing is required, the participant must have a support team who is agreeable to providing this for the duration of the study at time of consent. Support teams may consist of any combination of family, friends, private companions, and VC staff.
* Medical clearance by the participant's most responsible physician (MRP)
Exclusion Criteria
* General medical exclusions: Any history of hernia, pneumothorax, perforated tympanic membrane, recent surgery, untreated gastroesophageal reflux disease or untreated hypertension.
* Other medical conditions where increased intrathoracic pressure would be contraindicated, on an individual basis, as per participant's MRP
* Cognitively and/or physically unable to perform study tasks, despite support
* Participants who do not consent to videofluoroscopy or for whom videofluoroscopy is contraindicated
After time of consent
* Participants who score PAS \< 3 on pre-test videofluoroscopy
* Inability to complete pre-post testing for at least one primary outcome
* Inability to complete minimum 50 breaths of the weekly protocol, and minimum 400 total breaths through the device over the 8 week program
85 Years
110 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.
Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre
OTHER
Responsible Party
Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.
Jessica Davenport
Speech-Language Pathologist
Principal Investigators
Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.
Lisa DiProspero, MRT BSc MSc
Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
Director, Practice-Based Research and Innovation
Jessica Davenport, MHSc, S-LP
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Speech-Language Pathologist, Sunnybrook
Locations
Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.
Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre - Veterans Centre
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Countries
Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.
References
Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.
Rosenbek JC, Robbins JA, Roecker EB, Coyle JL, Wood JL. A penetration-aspiration scale. Dysphagia. 1996 Spring;11(2):93-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00417897.
Bonilha HS, Huda W, Wilmskoetter J, Martin-Harris B, Tipnis SV. Radiation Risks to Adult Patients Undergoing Modified Barium Swallow Studies. Dysphagia. 2019 Dec;34(6):922-929. doi: 10.1007/s00455-019-09993-w. Epub 2019 Mar 4.
Kim J, Davenport P, Sapienza C. Effect of expiratory muscle strength training on elderly cough function. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2009 May-Jun;48(3):361-6. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2008.03.006. Epub 2008 May 23.
Tada A, Matsumoto H, Soda R, Endo S, Kawai H, Kimura G, Yamashita M, Okada C, Takahashi K. [Effects of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis sequelae]. Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi. 2002 Apr;40(4):275-81. Japanese.
Park JS, Oh DH, Chang MY. Effect of expiratory muscle strength training on swallowing-related muscle strength in community-dwelling elderly individuals: a randomized controlled trial. Gerodontology. 2017 Mar;34(1):121-128. doi: 10.1111/ger.12234. Epub 2016 May 16.
Pitts T, Bolser D, Rosenbek J, Troche M, Okun MS, Sapienza C. Impact of expiratory muscle strength training on voluntary cough and swallow function in Parkinson disease. Chest. 2009 May;135(5):1301-1308. doi: 10.1378/chest.08-1389. Epub 2008 Nov 24.
Silbergleit AK, Schultz L, Jacobson BH, Beardsley T, Johnson AF. The Dysphagia handicap index: development and validation. Dysphagia. 2012 Mar;27(1):46-52. doi: 10.1007/s00455-011-9336-2. Epub 2011 Mar 20.
Steele CM, Grace-Martin K. Reflections on Clinical and Statistical Use of the Penetration-Aspiration Scale. Dysphagia. 2017 Oct;32(5):601-616. doi: 10.1007/s00455-017-9809-z. Epub 2017 May 22.
Stokely SL, Molfenter SM, Steele CM. Effects of barium concentration on oropharyngeal swallow timing measures. Dysphagia. 2014 Feb;29(1):78-82. doi: 10.1007/s00455-013-9485-6. Epub 2013 Sep 18.
Troche MS, Okun MS, Rosenbek JC, Musson N, Fernandez HH, Rodriguez R, Romrell J, Pitts T, Wheeler-Hegland KM, Sapienza CM. Aspiration and swallowing in Parkinson disease and rehabilitation with EMST: a randomized trial. Neurology. 2010 Nov 23;75(21):1912-9. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181fef115.
Weening-Dijksterhuis E, de Greef MH, Scherder EJ, Slaets JP, van der Schans CP. Frail institutionalized older persons: A comprehensive review on physical exercise, physical fitness, activities of daily living, and quality-of-life. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2011 Feb;90(2):156-68. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0b013e3181f703ef.
Leung G, Katz PR, Karuza J, Arling GW, Chan A, Berall A, Fallah S, Binns MA, Naglie G. Slow Stream Rehabilitation: A New Model of Post-Acute Care. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2016 Mar 1;17(3):238-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.10.016. Epub 2015 Dec 2.
Steele CM, Namasivayam-MacDonald AM, Guida BT, Cichero JA, Duivestein J, Hanson B, Lam P, Riquelme LF. Creation and Initial Validation of the International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative Functional Diet Scale. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2018 May;99(5):934-944. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2018.01.012. Epub 2018 Feb 8.
Related Links
Access external resources that provide additional context or updates about the study.
Website of Expiratory Muscle Strength Trainer (EMST150) used in protocol
Website of International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative, basis of Functional Diet Scale
Other Identifiers
Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.
Sunnybrook_Women'
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
More Related Trials
Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.