The Expressive Writing in Bariatric Surgery

NCT ID: NCT04035512

Last Updated: 2019-07-29

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

UNKNOWN

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

136 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2019-08-01

Study Completion Date

2020-08-01

Brief Summary

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The aim of the present study is to test the efficacy of a psychological intervention focused on the expressive writing on the weight loss and adherence, 3 months after surgery in obese population undergoing to bariatric surgery. The sample will be divided into two groups: the expressive writing group that will perform the psychological intervention focused on expressive writing, and the control group that will not perform the psychological intervention. The assignment to the two groups will be randomized. The randomization will be carried out leaving each participant free to blindly choose one of the two sealed envelopes containing the writing instruction sheet and an empty sheet, respectively.

All participants will complete psychometric questionnaires 3 days before surgery (T0) and 3 months (T1) after surgery in order to test the predicted variation on the chosen outcome in a very early stage after surgery. In order to assess the adherence level with a non self - report measure, the serum levels of 25(OH)D, B12, sideraemia and iron at T1 will be collected. Moreover, the adherence to follow up visits (surgical, nutritional and psychological) at 1 and 3 months will be assessed.

The main hypothesis is that those patients undergoing expressive writing would have a greater early Excess Weight Loss % (EWL%), lower level of psychological impairment and higher level of adherence to treatment 3 months after surgery, compare to those patients who are not undergoing expressive writing.

Detailed Description

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Obesity is a multifactorial disease characterized by genetic, social, cultural and psychological factors. Its complex nature requires a multidisciplinary intervention in order to guarantee an optimal outcome. Currently, laparoscopic bariatric surgery represents the gold standard intervention to treat morbid obesity and related comorbidities, as well as to improve quality of life. The expected Excess Weight Loss (%EWL) after the most popular bariatric procedures ranges between 60% and 70%, respectively at 1 and 2 years after surgery. However, literature shows that more than 30% of bariatric patients do not reach the expected weight loss and up to one third regain substantial weight in the long term period. Several studies showed correlation between post-surgery weight loss or %EWL and personality disorders, eating disorders, mood disorders and anxiety disorder. Also childhood traumatic experiences, that could be associated to the development of obesity, had a role in weight loss after surgery and in affecting emotional regulation. Recent studies also showed the role of emotional regulation and in particular as the difficulty in identifying and describing emotions, known as "alexithymia", was associated respectively to lower %Total Weight Loss at 3 and 6 months after gastric bypass and at 12 months after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

Considering the influence of alexithymia on people living with obesity seeking a weight loss program, it is conceivable that an intervention focused on emotional state could improve outcome after surgery in term of weight loss.

The expressive writing is a form of writing therapy developed primarily by James W. Pennebaker in the late 1980s consisting of writing about stressful and difficult experience for 15-20 min for 3-5 consecutive days, including one's thoughts and feelings. The expressive writing allows people to express and process emotions, feelings, and thoughts related to the life events and consequent changes and this may favor a mental reorganization of the negative events, a greater expression and regulation of the emotions related to them. This intervention could provoke social, emotional, and consequently, psychophysical changes as is showed in patients with chronic diseases and cancer. It is conceivable that the externalization and the processing of the traumatic events linked to the disease, can favor an improvement of the ability of express emotions and the reduction of the negative thoughts associated.

Recruitment: all patients, considered eligible after a multidisciplinary assessment, will be contacted to request participation in the study. Those who accepted the participation, will be randomized in two groups: the expressive writing group that will perform the psychological intervention focused on expressive writing, and the control group that will not perform the psychological intervention. The randomization will be carried out leaving each participant free to blindly choose one of the two sealed envelopes containing the writing instruction sheet and an empty sheet, respectively. Then all the participants of both groups will complete the informed consent and the questionnaires 3 days before surgery (T0).

According to the randomized recruitment all patients of the expressive writing group will be scheduled for 3 consecutive days (20 minutes each day) on which they will complete the writing task. The procedure for the writing group will be as follow:

on day 1 the researcher will call the participant at designed time and will provide a brief introduction to the writing task. Participant will be asked to go a quiet place in their house where they would have no interruptions but can still be close to the phone. Next, participants were given standardized instructions. Then participants will ask to start writing immediately after hanging up the phone and to write for 20 minutes. The researcher will call the participants after 20 minutes. The procedure for the second and third writing days will be identical.

The above method was previously tested by Zakowski et al., 2004. The control group (no expressive writing) will just complete the above mentioned questionnaires.

Both groups will fill the same questionnaires also at 3 months follow up (T1). In order to assess the adherence level with a non self - report measure, the serum levels of 25(OH)D, B12, sideraemia and iron at T1 will be collected according to the blood analysis provided for the hospital protocol of bariatric surgery.

Moreover, the adherence to follow up visits (surgical and nutritional) at 1 and 3 months will be assessed.

The weight measures at T0, and T1 will be collected in order to test the EWL% reached in both groups.

The present study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology "Sapienza" University of Rome on April 3rd, 2019.

Conditions

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Bariatric Surgery Candidate

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

SEQUENTIAL

The sample will be divided into two group, in a randomized way. The expressive writing group that will perform the writing task and the control group that will not perform the writing task. The study includes two measurements, pre-operatively (T0) and 3 months after surgery (T1)
Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Expressive writing

The expressive writing group will perform the writing task, for 3 consecutive days, 20 minutes each day

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Expressive writing

Intervention Type OTHER

The procedure for the writing group will be as follow:

on day 1 the researcher will call the participant at designed time and will provide a brief introduction to the writing task. Participant will be asked to go in a quiet place in their house where they would have no interruptions but can still be close to the phone. Next, participants were given standardized instructions. Then participants will ask to start writing immediately after hanging up the phone and to write for 20 minutes. The researcher will call the participants after 20 minutes. The procedure for the second and third writing days will be identical.

The above method was previously tested by Zakowski et al., 2004.

Control group

Any intervention

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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Expressive writing

The procedure for the writing group will be as follow:

on day 1 the researcher will call the participant at designed time and will provide a brief introduction to the writing task. Participant will be asked to go in a quiet place in their house where they would have no interruptions but can still be close to the phone. Next, participants were given standardized instructions. Then participants will ask to start writing immediately after hanging up the phone and to write for 20 minutes. The researcher will call the participants after 20 minutes. The procedure for the second and third writing days will be identical.

The above method was previously tested by Zakowski et al., 2004.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* With BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2, with BMI 35-40 kg/m2 with co-morbidities in which surgically induced weight loss is expected to improve the disorder
* declared eligible for pre-operative psychological assessment.

Exclusion Criteria

* presence of a psychiatric disorder or drug/ alcohol abuse
* cognitive impairment
* level of education less than primary school
* revisional surgery.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

60 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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University College London Hospitals

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of Roma La Sapienza

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Gianfranco Silecchia

Full Professor of Surgery

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Gianfranco Silecchia

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Roma La Sapienza

Central Contacts

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Gianfranco Silecchia

Role: CONTACT

003907736513349

Laura Pierro

Role: CONTACT

00393299712654

References

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Paone E, Pierro L, Damico A, Aceto P, Campanile FC, Silecchia G, Lai C. Alexithymia and weight loss in obese patients underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Eat Weight Disord. 2019 Feb;24(1):129-134. doi: 10.1007/s40519-017-0381-1. Epub 2017 Mar 28.

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Other Identifiers

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267116L

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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