Trial Outcomes & Findings for Effects of Passive Heat Therapy on Oxygen Consumption and Cardiovascular Fitness in Adults (NCT NCT04026126)

NCT ID: NCT04026126

Last Updated: 2022-10-17

Results Overview

Systolic and diastolic blood pressure will be monitored using the noninvasive Clearsight (Edward Lifesciences, Irvine, CA) monitor, which incorporates a disposable, single use fingertip cuff.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

15 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Blood pressure will be assessed at baseline and 24-48 hours after the last heat therapy session (end of study, ~2.5 weeks after first study visit). As a safety measure only, blood pressure will be monitored during every heat therapy treatment.

Results posted on

2022-10-17

Participant Flow

Participants were recruited primarily through physician referral; as well as IRB-approved flyers posted at the University of Kansas Medical Center, in the community, and through electronic communications via websites and email. The first participant was enrolled on August 29, 2019 and the last was enrolled on June 24, 2021.

Of the 15 enrolled participants, all 15 met inclusion criteria and completed treatment.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Heat Therapy Treatment
Participants completed 10 heat therapy treatments (hot water immersions of 40.5 degrees Celsius for approximately 45 minutes per session) over 14 days.
Overall Study
STARTED
15
Overall Study
COMPLETED
15
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Effects of Passive Heat Therapy on Oxygen Consumption and Cardiovascular Fitness in Adults

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Heat Therapy Treatment
n=15 Participants
This study will recruit subjects to participate in heat therapy treatment at the University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC). After pre-screening, informed consent, and enrollment, all subjects will have baseline hemodynamic assessments as well as VO2max measurements. Subjects will complete 10 heat therapy treatments over the course of 14 days. Hemodynamics will be assessed with the use of the Clearsight© fingertip blood pressure cuff. Within 24-48 hours after the last heat therapy experience, hemodynamic assessments and VO2max will be performed. Blood samples will be collected pre- and post intervention and analyzed for levels of nitric oxide mediators, heat shock protein levels and pro-anti-inflammatory markers. Heat Therapy Treatment: Subjects will undergo 10 hot water immersions of 40.5 degrees Celsius for approximately 45 minutes per session over 14 days. Subjects will be immersed up to the shoulder until rectal temperature reacher 38.5 degrees Celsius (approximately 15-20 minutes). Subjects will then remain in the water bath submerged at waist level to maintain between 38.5 to 39.0 degrees Celsius for another 30 minutes. Following hot water immersion, subjects will be monitored for 10 minutes, or until temperature falls below 38.5 degrees Celsius.
Age, Continuous
58.6 years
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
9 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
12 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
13 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
15 participants
n=5 Participants
Weight
80.9 kgs
n=5 Participants
Hypertension
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
Diabetes
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
Asthma
2 Participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Blood pressure will be assessed at baseline and 24-48 hours after the last heat therapy session (end of study, ~2.5 weeks after first study visit). As a safety measure only, blood pressure will be monitored during every heat therapy treatment.

Systolic and diastolic blood pressure will be monitored using the noninvasive Clearsight (Edward Lifesciences, Irvine, CA) monitor, which incorporates a disposable, single use fingertip cuff.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Heat Therapy Treatment
n=15 Participants
Participants completed 10 heat therapy treatments (hot water immersions of 40.5 degrees Celsius for approximately 45 minutes per session) over 14 days.
Change in Blood Pressure
Diastolic Pressure
0.85 mmHg
Standard Deviation 4.67
Change in Blood Pressure
Systolic Pressure
-2.94 mmHg
Standard Deviation 10.94

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Stroke volume will be assessed at baseline and 24-48 hours after the last heat therapy session (end of study, ~2.5 weeks after first study visit).

Stroke volume will be monitored using the noninvasive Clearsight (Edward Lifesciences, Irvine, CA) monitor incorporates a disposable, single use fingertip cuff.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Heat Therapy Treatment
n=15 Participants
Participants completed 10 heat therapy treatments (hot water immersions of 40.5 degrees Celsius for approximately 45 minutes per session) over 14 days.
Change in Stroke Volume
9.02 ml/m2
Standard Deviation 268.54

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Stroke volume variation will be assessed at baseline and 24-48 hours after the last heat therapy session (end of study, ~2.5 weeks after first study visit).

Population: We were unable to collect data on SVV and thus data cannot be reported.

Stroke volume variation will be monitored using the noninvasive Clearsight (Edward Lifesciences, Irvine, CA) monitor incorporates a disposable, single use fingertip cuff.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Cardiac index will be assessed at baseline and 24-48 hours after the last heat therapy session (end of study, ~2.5 weeks after first study visit).

Cardiac index will be monitored using the noninvasive Clearsight (Edward Lifesciences, Irvine, CA) monitor incorporates a disposable, single use fingertip cuff.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Heat Therapy Treatment
n=15 Participants
Participants completed 10 heat therapy treatments (hot water immersions of 40.5 degrees Celsius for approximately 45 minutes per session) over 14 days.
Change in Cardiac Index
-0.36 L/min/m^2
Standard Deviation 0.51

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Systemic vascular resistance will be assessed at baseline and 24-48 hours after the last heat therapy session (end of study, ~2.5 weeks after first study visit).

Systemic vascular resistance will be monitored using the noninvasive Clearsight (Edward Lifesciences, Irvine, CA) monitor incorporates a disposable, single use fingertip cuff.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Heat Therapy Treatment
n=15 Participants
Participants completed 10 heat therapy treatments (hot water immersions of 40.5 degrees Celsius for approximately 45 minutes per session) over 14 days.
Change in Systemic Vascular Resistance
9.02 dynes/seconds/cm-5
Standard Deviation 268.54

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: VO2max assessment will be performed at baseline and 24-48 hours after the last heat therapy session (end of study, ~2.5 weeks after first study visit).

Maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) will be measured using the Bruce Ramp protocol. The Bruce Ramp protocol is a standardized treadmill exercise commonly used in clinical laboratories.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Heat Therapy Treatment
n=15 Participants
Participants completed 10 heat therapy treatments (hot water immersions of 40.5 degrees Celsius for approximately 45 minutes per session) over 14 days.
Change in Maximum Oxygen Consumption (VO2max)
-0.13 ml/kg/minute
Standard Deviation 1.81

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Blood analyses will be performed at baseline and 24-48 hours after the last heat therapy session (end of study, ~2.5 weeks after first study visit).

Population: The samples were run for HSP but the data was compromised. The study team were unable to verify study samples and match them to participant IDs. Thus the data was invalid, and there was not enough sample to repeat the analysis.

Serum levels of heat shock proteins (HSP72, HSP25) and the primary heat shock protein transcription factor (HSF1) will be assessed for change post heat therapy treatment.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Blood analyses will be performed at baseline and 24-48 hours after the last heat therapy session (end of study, ~2.5 weeks after first study visit).

Population: The samples were run for nitric oxide bioavailability but the data was compromised. The study team were unable to verify study samples and match them to participant IDs. Thus the data was invalid, and there was not enough sample to repeat the analysis.

Nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability will be assessed for change post heat therapy treatment by measuring nitric oxide and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS).

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Blood analyses will be performed at baseline and 24-48 hours after the last heat therapy session (end of study, ~2.5 weeks after first study visit).

Population: The samples were run for pro/Anti-inflammatory markers but the data was compromised. The study team were unable to verify study samples and match them to participant IDs. Thus the data was invalid, and there was not enough sample to repeat the analysis.

Pro/anti-inflammatory markers (IL1ra, IL-10, IL-8, IFN, and CRP) will be assessed for change post heat therapy treatment.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

Adverse Events

Heat Therapy Treatment

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Paige Geiger, PhD

University of Kansas Medical Center

Phone: 913-588-7408

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place