PREvention of STroke in Intracerebral haemorrhaGE Survivors With Atrial Fibrillation
NCT ID: NCT03996772
Last Updated: 2025-01-13
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
PHASE3
319 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2019-06-03
2024-05-31
Brief Summary
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People with AF are often prescribed a medication called an anticoagulant, which makes it less likely for blood clots to form and thus can prevent ischaemic strokes. However, anticoagulants also increase the risk of bleeding, so they are not suitable for everyone.
Some people who have AF have had a different type of stroke which is caused by bleeding in the brain, an intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). These people are at increased risk of suffering both an ischaemic stroke (due to AF) and another ICH. It is not known whether it is best for these people to take an anticoagulant medication or not, as previous research studies did not include this group of people.
PREvention of STroke in Intracerebral haemorrhaGE survivors with Atrial Fibrillation (PRESTIGE-AF) is a research study on the best stroke prevention in people with atrial fibrillation (AF) who have recently had a bleeding in their brain, (ICH). This is a trial where half of the participants will take an anticoagulant medication, preventing blood clot formation, and half will not receive an anticoagulant. The direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) that will be used in this trial are all licenced for use in the United Kingdom and within the European Union (EU) to prevent strokes in people with AF. However, the current licence does not extend to use with people who have had an ICH because it has not been tested in this group with a randomised controlled trial. DOACs will be tested in ICH survivors with AF because previous research trials have shown that people are up to 50% less likely to have bleeding complications in the brain with DOACs than with Warfarin (another commonly used anticoagulant).
The aim of PRESTIGE-AF is to answer the question of whether people with ICH and AF should take an anticoagulant medication or if it is better for them to avoid it.
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Detailed Description
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Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is a particularly severe type of stroke affecting 10-15% of all stroke patients. Importantly, ICH carries even higher mortality and more severe disability than other stroke types. While mechanisms of ICH and ischaemic stroke are distinct, many risk factors are shared and patients are often at increased risk of both ischaemic stroke and ICH.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is also a growing epidemic in aging populations and a major cause of ischaemic stroke due to thrombus formation in the heart migrating to and occluding intracerebral arteries. At least 20% of ICH survivors also suffer from AF and are, thus, at particularly high risk of ischaemic stroke. While ischaemic stroke in AF patients in general can be much more effectively prevented with oral anticoagulation than with antiplatelet agents (APA) concerns about ICH recurrence in ICH survivors are a major barrier for anticoagulation. The best approach to stroke prevention in ICH patients with AF is presently unknown. Current clinical guidelines, which are largely based on retrospective observational studies investigating anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists (VKA), either recommend considering anticoagulation only in patients with non-lobar location of ICH or, in the absence of evidence from randomised controlled trials, refrain from making any recommendations at all. Anticoagulation with direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) has proven efficacy and safety for stroke prevention in AF. DOACs may be a better alternative to VKA particularly in ICH patients because DOACs were associated with a 50% lower risk of ICH than VKA in previous clinical trials of stroke prevention in AF. However, patients with previous ICH were excluded from these trials.
Although thousands of ICH survivors with AF every year worldwide need effective prevention of another stroke, the best antithrombotic therapy for these patients is currently unknown. PRESTIGE-AF will be the first sufficiently powered randomised controlled trial aiming to resolve the dilemma of stroke prevention in this challenging high-risk patient population. Specifically, it will answer the question whether DOAC with their well-documented lower risk of intracranial haemorrhagic complications, compared to VKA, provide both a more effective and an equally safe option for stroke prevention in patients with ICH and AF compared to no anticoagulant. Findings of the Study are expected to change management guidelines and future prevention research for ICH survivors with AF.
PREvention of STroke in Intracerebral haemorrhaGE survivors (PRESTIGE-AF) will test whether preventive therapy with DOACs (intervention group) reduce the rate of ischaemic stroke (superiority) compared to no anticoagulation (control group) without unacceptably increasing the risk of recurrent ICH (non-inferiority) in patients with AF and a previous ICH within 6 months before enrolment.
The Research Question is:
Does preventive therapy with Direct Oral Anticoagulants (intervention group) reduce the rate of ischaemic stroke (superiority) compared to no anticoagulation (control group) without unacceptably increasing the risk of recurrent Intracerebral haemorrhage (non-inferiority) in patients with atrial fibrillation and a previous intracerebral haemorrhage within 6 months before enrolment.
The Objectives of the study are:
The main objective is to perform a randomised controlled trial to resolve the long-standing management dilemma of antithrombotic stroke prevention in intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) survivors with comorbid atrial fibrillation (AF). Specifically, it will address the question whether direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs, intervention) provide a more effective option for prevention of ischaemic stroke and an equally safe option in terms of recurrence of ICH for antithrombotic stroke prevention in survivors of recent ICH compared to no anticoagulation (i.e. no antithrombotic therapy or antiplatelet therapy at Principal Investigator´s discretion).
The secondary Study objectives are:
* To examine the effect of anticoagulation with DOAC versus no anticoagulation on major cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in ICH patient with AF
* To compare the effect of DOACs versus no anticoagulation on major systemic and intracranial bleeding in this Study population
* To examine the effect of DOACs versus no anticoagulation on net clinical benefit in ICH patients with AF
The exploratory objectives are:
• To explore the impact of DOAC vs. no anticoagulation on quality of life, cognition and psychological morbidity in patients with ICH and AF over time Study Design: PRESTIGE-AF is a phase 3b investigator-led, multicentre, parallel group, prospective randomised, open, blinded end-point assessment (PROBE) clinical trial comparing DOACs (interventional arm) against no anticoagulation (control arm) in patients with a recent ICH and comorbid AF.
Randomisation will occur in a 1:1 ratio. Participants will be stratified according to two factors: lobar and non-lobar location of ICH and sex. Choice and dose of DOAC treatment as well as the use of concomitant medication during the study treatment will be at the Principal Investigator´s discretion within the spectrum of licensed doses labelled for stroke prevention in AF patients in Europe following the Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC). The control group will receive no anticoagulant but the use of an antiplatelet agent is at the Principal Investigator´s discretion who will use their clinical judgment to initiate (or not) an antiplatelet drug of their choice.
Baseline assessment will include capturing Participant's demographics, clinical characteristics, vital signs, medical history, and concomitant diseases as well as documentation of AF (previous history or newly detected). Results of routine diagnostic tests before Study enrolment will be also collected using an electronic case report form. The routine brain imaging data performed after the ICH and before Study enrolment will also be collected at baseline.
After randomisation, Participants will be followed-up in person at various time points (1, 6, 12, 24, 36 months) for up to 3 years. At each visit, outcome events and adverse events will be captured.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
Randomisation will occur in a 1:1 ratio. Participants will be stratified according to two factors: lobar and non-lobar location of ICH and gender. Choice and dose of direct oral anticoagulant treatment and use of concomitant medication during the study treatment will be at the Principal Investigator´s discretion within the licensed doses for stroke prevention in AF patients in Europe. The control group will receive no anticoagulant but the use of an antiplatelet is at the Principal Investigator´s discretion who will use their clinical judgment to initiate an antiplatelet drug of their choice.
PREVENTION
SINGLE
Study Groups
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Direct Oral Anticoagulant
If the patient is randomized in this arm, a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) included:
* Direct thrombin inhibitor: Dabigatran
* Factor Xa inhibitors: Apixaban or Rivaroxaban or Edoxaban will be prescribed to the patient. Choice and dose of DOAC treatment as well as the use of concomitant medication during the study treatment will be at the Principal Investigator´s discretion within the spectrum of licensed doses labelled for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation patients in Europe following the Summary of Product Characteristics.
Apixaban Oral Tablet
Factor Xa Inhibitor
Dabigatran
Direct Thrombin Inhibitor
Edoxaban Tablets
Factor Xa Inhibitor
Rivaroxaban
Factor Xa Inhibitor
No Anticoagulant
If the patient is randomized in this arm investigators will use their best judgment to decide upon the prescription of an antiplatelet drug of their choice or no such therapy
No interventions assigned to this group
Interventions
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Apixaban Oral Tablet
Factor Xa Inhibitor
Dabigatran
Direct Thrombin Inhibitor
Edoxaban Tablets
Factor Xa Inhibitor
Rivaroxaban
Factor Xa Inhibitor
Other Intervention Names
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Written informed consent obtained from the patient, or for patients who lack the capacity to consent this can be provided by an appropriate representative as defined in protocol
* Non-traumatic spontaneous ICH during the 12 months before enrolment. Patients become eligible 14 days after the date of their ICH.
* Documented evidence of AF (paroxysmal, persistent or permanent)
Exclusion Criteria
* Women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or plan to become pregnant during the Study period
* Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP see section 12.2 for definition) who are unable or unwilling to take measures for effective contraception (4.9)
* Enrolment occurring before 14 days after the date of ICH
* Enrolment occurring longer than 12 months after the date of ICH
* ICH resulting from trauma or vascular malformation
* Another indication for long-term anticoagulation
* Patient has hypertension, which in the opinion of the investigator, is uncontrollable with medication Any contraindication (except intracerebral haemorrhage) to treatment with apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban, rivaroxaban as per SmPC. Including any of the following:
* Hypersensitivity to the active principle or any of the excipients
* Clinically relevant bleeding in progress
* Liver disease associated with coagulopathy and a clinically relevant bleeding risk
* Injuries or conditions such as a significant risk of major bleeding
* Hepatic impairment or liver disease which can have an impact on survival
* Exclusion of patients with end-stage renal creatinine clearance CrCL, (CrCL \<15 ml / min) or in patients undergoing dialysis
* Concomitant treatment with other anticoagulants
* Patients with a history of thrombosis and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome Special warnings and precautions for use for apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban, rivaroxaban as per SmPC should also be taken into account at randomisation.
* Absolute need for antiplatelet agent (APA) at enrolment, meaning that a patient randomised to receive DOAC who would require an APA is not eligible (single APA is permitted in control group only, at time of randomisation). Presence of a left atrial appendage occlusion device (LAAO) or plan to implant an LAAO
* Presence of any medical, psychological, or psychiatric condition which in the opinion of the Principal or Co-Investigator would cause participation in the Study to be unwise
* Participation in any clinical study with an Investigational Medicinal Product within the past 30 days or 5 half-lives of the study drug (observational studies are permitted)
18 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Wuerzburg University Hospital
OTHER
Julius-Maximilians University
OTHER
Medical University of Graz
OTHER
University of Liverpool
OTHER
King's College London
OTHER
Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron Research Institute
OTHER
University of Bordeaux
OTHER
Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia
OTHER
Aalborg University
OTHER
STROKE ALLIANCE FOR EUROPE
UNKNOWN
University Hospital Heidelberg
OTHER
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
OTHER
Alfried Krupp Krankenhaus
OTHER
University Hospital, Bordeaux
OTHER
Imperial College London
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Principal Investigators
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Roland E Veltkamp, FESO
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Imperial College London
Locations
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Krankenhaus der Barmherzigen Brüder Eisenstadt
Eisenstadt, , Austria
Medizinische Universität Graz
Graz, , Austria
Klinikum Klagenfurt am Wörthersee
Klagenfurt, , Austria
Universitätsklinikum St. Pölten
Sankt Pölten, , Austria
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux
Bordeaux, , France
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen Normandie
Caen, , France
Universitätsklinikum Aachen
Aachen, , Germany
Klinikum Altenburger Land
Altenburg, , Germany
Universitätsklinikum Augsburg
Augsburg, , Germany
Rhön-Klinikum Campus Bad Neustadt
Bad Neustadt an der Saale, , Germany
Vivantes Hospital Neukolin
Berlin, , Germany
Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum
Bochum, , Germany
Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bottrop
Bottrop, , Germany
University Hospital Cologne
Cologne, , Germany
Klinikum Dortmund
Dortmund, , Germany
Technische Universität Dresden
Dresden, , Germany
Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf, , Germany
University Hospital Erlangen
Erlangen, , Germany
Alfried Krupp Von Bohlen und Halbach-Krankenhaus
Essen, , Germany
University Hospital Frankfurt
Frankfurt, , Germany
Universitiaetsklinikum Giessen und Marburg (UKGM) - Standort Giessen
Geißen, , Germany
Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg
Günzburg, , Germany
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
Hanover, , Germany
University Hospital Heidelberg
Heidelberg, , Germany
University of Leipzig
Leipzig, , Germany
University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Luebeck
Lübeck, , Germany
Johannes Wesling Klinikum Minden
Minden, , Germany
Klinikum der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart
Stuttgart, , Germany
Universitätsklinikum Tübingen
Tübingen, , Germany
Universitätsklinikum Ulm
Ulm, , Germany
Universitätsklinikum Wuerzburg
Würzburg, , Germany
Azienda USL Umbria 1 - Ospedale di Branca-Gubbio
Branca, , Italy
Ospedale Bufalini di Cesena
Cesena, , Italy
Azienda USL Umbria 1 - Ospedale di Città di Castello
Città di Castello, , Italy
Azienda USL Umbria 2
Foligno, , Italy
IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino
Genova, , Italy
Istituto Clinico Humanitas
Milan, , Italy
Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale (A.O.R.N) A. Cardarelli di Napoli
Napoli, , Italy
Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia
Perugia, , Italy
Azienda USL IRCCS di Reggio Emilia
Reggio Emilia, , Italy
Azienda Ospedaliera S Camillo Forlanini
Rome, , Italy
Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese
Siena, , Italy
Hospital Universitario Torrecárdenas
Almería, , Spain
Fundacío Institut d'Investigacío Biomèdica de Bellvitge
Barcelona, , Spain
Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol
Barcelona, , Spain
Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron
Barcelona, , Spain
Hospital Dr Josep Trueta
Girona, , Spain
Hospital Universitario de la Princesa
Madrid, , Spain
Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago
Santiago, , Spain
Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio
Seville, , Spain
Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena
Seville, , Spain
Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid
Valladolid, , Spain
East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust
Ashford, , United Kingdom
Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
Ashington, , United Kingdom
Basildon and Thurrock University Hospitals NHS Trust
Basildon, , United Kingdom
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust
Cambridge, , United Kingdom
Countess of Chester Hospital
Chester, , United Kingdom
Hull and East Yorkshire NHS Trust
Hull, , United Kingdom
Kings College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
London, , United Kingdom
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
London, , United Kingdom
St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospital NHS Trust
Prescot, , United Kingdom
Taunton and Somerset NHS Foundation Trust
Taunton, , United Kingdom
Mid Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust
Wakefield, , United Kingdom
West Hertfordshire Hospitals NHS Trust
Watford, , United Kingdom
Countries
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References
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Veltkamp R, Korompoki E, Harvey KH, Harvey ER, Fiessler C, Malzahn U, Rucker V, Montaner J, Caso V, Sibon I, Ringleb P, Halse O, Hugen K, Ullmann S, Schuhmann C, Todd GP, Haas K, Pala E, Debette S, Lachaize M, D'Aoust T, Enzinger C, Ropele S, Fandler-Hofler S, Haidegger M, Wang Y, Wafa HA, Cancelloni V, Mosconi MG, Lip GYH, Lane DA, Haefeli WE, Foerster KI, Wurmbach VS, Nielsen PB, Hajjar K, Muller P, Poli S, Purrucker J, Laible M, D'Anna L, Silva Y, de Torres Chacon R, Martinez-Sanchez P, Boulanger M, Norrving B, Pare G, Wachter R, Ntaios G, Wolfe CDA, Heuschmann PU; PRESTIGE-AF Consortium. Direct oral anticoagulants versus no anticoagulation for the prevention of stroke in survivors of intracerebral haemorrhage with atrial fibrillation (PRESTIGE-AF): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2025 Mar 15;405(10482):927-936. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)00333-2. Epub 2025 Feb 26.
Cochrane A, Chen C, Stephen J, Ronning OM, Anderson CS, Hankey GJ, Al-Shahi Salman R. Antithrombotic treatment after stroke due to intracerebral haemorrhage. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023 Jan 26;1(1):CD012144. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012144.pub3.
Li L, Poon MTC, Samarasekera NE, Perry LA, Moullaali TJ, Rodrigues MA, Loan JJM, Stephen J, Lerpiniere C, Tuna MA, Gutnikov SA, Kuker W, Silver LE, Al-Shahi Salman R, Rothwell PM. Risks of recurrent stroke and all serious vascular events after spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage: pooled analyses of two population-based studies. Lancet Neurol. 2021 Jun;20(6):437-447. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00075-2.
Other Identifiers
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2018-002176-41
Identifier Type: EUDRACT_NUMBER
Identifier Source: secondary_id
754517
Identifier Type: OTHER_GRANT
Identifier Source: secondary_id
236886
Identifier Type: OTHER
Identifier Source: secondary_id
17HH4268
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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