Trial Outcomes & Findings for Prophylaxis of Periprosthetic Joint Infections With Calcium Sulfate Beads in Patients With Non-modifiable Risk Factors. (NCT NCT03976466)

NCT ID: NCT03976466

Last Updated: 2020-08-20

Results Overview

Acute periprosthetic knee or hip infection was determined using CRP and ESR serum biomarkers, which are the most commonly published serum biomarkers in periprosthetic joint infection literature. The cut off point for CRP was considered 93mg/L and 44mm/hr for ESR. The serum biomarker sample was taken and evaluated on day 5 and weeks 4, 8 and 12. Leukocytes in synovial fluid are among the criteria for definition of periprosthetic joint infection with a cut off point above 12,800 cells/µL and were only included if serum biomarkers were elevated.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE4

Target enrollment

87 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Day 5, Weeks 4, 8, and 12

Results posted on

2020-08-20

Participant Flow

Inclusion critera for patients to complete enrolled protocol were: patients over 60 years old, no history of cephalosporine allergy, to have any of the non-modifiable risk factors, patients who accept blood transfusion. Patientes who are institutional entitled.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Calcium Sulfate Study Group
Group of members that will be submitted to prophylaxis with medicated calcium sulfate beads for hip or knee joint replacement Antibiotic local prophylaxis with medicated calcium sulfate beads: Antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with non-modifiable risk factors for periprosthetic joint infection. 3g of vancomycin mixed with Stimulan Kit (Biocomposites Ltd, United Kingdom) which includes 10 cc (20 g) of calcium sulfate hemihydrate powder
Control Group
Group of members that will be submitted to classic prophylaxis for hip or knee joint replacement Classical parenteral antibiotic prophylaxis: Antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with non-modifiable risk factors for periprosthetic joint infection. 750 mgs of Intra Venous Ceftriaxone 20 minutes before joint replacement surgery and every 8 hours for 24 hours
Overall Study
STARTED
44
43
Overall Study
COMPLETED
43
40
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
1
3

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Calcium Sulfate Study Group
Group of members that will be submitted to prophylaxis with medicated calcium sulfate beads for hip or knee joint replacement Antibiotic local prophylaxis with medicated calcium sulfate beads: Antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with non-modifiable risk factors for periprosthetic joint infection. 3g of vancomycin mixed with Stimulan Kit (Biocomposites Ltd, United Kingdom) which includes 10 cc (20 g) of calcium sulfate hemihydrate powder
Control Group
Group of members that will be submitted to classic prophylaxis for hip or knee joint replacement Classical parenteral antibiotic prophylaxis: Antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with non-modifiable risk factors for periprosthetic joint infection. 750 mgs of Intra Venous Ceftriaxone 20 minutes before joint replacement surgery and every 8 hours for 24 hours
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
1
3

Baseline Characteristics

Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Calcium Sulfate Group
n=43 Participants
Group of members that will be submitted to prophylaxis with medicated calcium sulfate beads for hip or knee joint replacement Antibiotic local prophylaxis with medicated calcium sulfate beads: Antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with non-modifiable risk factors for periprosthetic joint infection
Control Group
n=40 Participants
Group of members that will be submitted to classic prophylaxis for hip or knee joint replacement Classical parenteral antibiotic prophylaxis: Antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with non-modifiable risk factors for periprosthetic joint infection
Total
n=83 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
75.9 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.14 • n=43 Participants
77.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.9 • n=40 Participants
76.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.5 • n=83 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
22 Participants
n=43 Participants
22 Participants
n=40 Participants
44 Participants
n=83 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
21 Participants
n=43 Participants
18 Participants
n=40 Participants
39 Participants
n=83 Participants
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected
0 Participants
Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
Region of Enrollment
Mexico
43 participants
n=43 Participants
40 participants
n=40 Participants
83 participants
n=83 Participants
non-modifiable risk factors
Body Mass Index
10 Participants
n=43 Participants
6 Participants
n=40 Participants
16 Participants
n=83 Participants
non-modifiable risk factors
Wound Drain, dehiscence or surgical active infecti
2 Participants
n=43 Participants
4 Participants
n=40 Participants
6 Participants
n=83 Participants
non-modifiable risk factors
History of nosocomial infection
3 Participants
n=43 Participants
3 Participants
n=40 Participants
6 Participants
n=83 Participants
non-modifiable risk factors
Prolonged surgical time
3 Participants
n=43 Participants
4 Participants
n=40 Participants
7 Participants
n=83 Participants
non-modifiable risk factors
Decompensated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
8 Participants
n=43 Participants
7 Participants
n=40 Participants
15 Participants
n=83 Participants
non-modifiable risk factors
Serum Albumin
1 Participants
n=43 Participants
4 Participants
n=40 Participants
5 Participants
n=83 Participants
non-modifiable risk factors
Rheumatoid Arthritis
2 Participants
n=43 Participants
5 Participants
n=40 Participants
7 Participants
n=83 Participants
non-modifiable risk factors
Blood transfusion Transoperative Bleeding
7 Participants
n=43 Participants
5 Participants
n=40 Participants
12 Participants
n=83 Participants
non-modifiable risk factors
History of prosthetic surgery
3 Participants
n=43 Participants
1 Participants
n=40 Participants
4 Participants
n=83 Participants
non-modifiable risk factors
Immunosuppression
0 Participants
n=43 Participants
1 Participants
n=40 Participants
1 Participants
n=83 Participants
non-modifiable risk factors
Malignancy
3 Participants
n=43 Participants
0 Participants
n=40 Participants
3 Participants
n=83 Participants
non-modifiable risk factors
Corticosteroid Therapy
1 Participants
n=43 Participants
0 Participants
n=40 Participants
1 Participants
n=83 Participants
Location of Joint Prosthesis
KNEE
17 Participants
n=43 Participants
21 Participants
n=40 Participants
38 Participants
n=83 Participants
Location of Joint Prosthesis
HIP
26 Participants
n=43 Participants
19 Participants
n=40 Participants
45 Participants
n=83 Participants
Periprosthetic Joint Infection
With periprosthetic infection
4 Participants
n=43 Participants
27 Participants
n=40 Participants
31 Participants
n=83 Participants
Periprosthetic Joint Infection
Without periprosthetic infection
39 Participants
n=43 Participants
13 Participants
n=40 Participants
52 Participants
n=83 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 5, Weeks 4, 8, and 12

Population: Patients who agreed to join the study and who met the selection criteria. After 3 moths presents or not periprosthetic joint infection.

Acute periprosthetic knee or hip infection was determined using CRP and ESR serum biomarkers, which are the most commonly published serum biomarkers in periprosthetic joint infection literature. The cut off point for CRP was considered 93mg/L and 44mm/hr for ESR. The serum biomarker sample was taken and evaluated on day 5 and weeks 4, 8 and 12. Leukocytes in synovial fluid are among the criteria for definition of periprosthetic joint infection with a cut off point above 12,800 cells/µL and were only included if serum biomarkers were elevated.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Control Group
n=40 Participants
Group of members that will be submitted to classic prophylaxis for hip or knee joint replacement Classical parenteral antibiotic prophylaxis: Antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with non-modifiable risk factors for periprosthetic joint infection
Calcium Sulfate Group
n=43 Participants
Group of members that will be submitted to prophylaxis with medicated calcium sulfate beads for hip or knee joint replacement Antibiotic local prophylaxis with medicated calcium sulfate beads: Antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with non-modifiable risk factors for periprosthetic joint infection
Partipants Achieving a Lower Hip or Knee Periprosthetic Joint Infection Rate With Local Versus Conventional Intravenous Antibiotic Prophilaxys, Measured With CRP, ERS in Serum and Sinovial Fluid Leukocytes , Over the 12-week Observation Period.
With Periprosthetic Joint infection
27 Participants
4 Participants
Partipants Achieving a Lower Hip or Knee Periprosthetic Joint Infection Rate With Local Versus Conventional Intravenous Antibiotic Prophilaxys, Measured With CRP, ERS in Serum and Sinovial Fluid Leukocytes , Over the 12-week Observation Period.
Without periprosthetic infection
13 Participants
39 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Surgical procedure day to hospital discharge.

The length of stay is an important indicator of efficiency and hospital economic burden. The reduction in number of hospitalization days results in lower risk of infection and less medication side effects and decreased need of hospital supplies. The difference in the average days of hospitalization between both groups indirectly represents the economic cost spent by the hospital.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Control Group
n=40 Participants
Group of members that will be submitted to classic prophylaxis for hip or knee joint replacement Classical parenteral antibiotic prophylaxis: Antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with non-modifiable risk factors for periprosthetic joint infection
Calcium Sulfate Group
n=43 Participants
Group of members that will be submitted to prophylaxis with medicated calcium sulfate beads for hip or knee joint replacement Antibiotic local prophylaxis with medicated calcium sulfate beads: Antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with non-modifiable risk factors for periprosthetic joint infection
Length of Stay as an Indicator of the Hospital Economic Burden
15.25 Days
Standard Deviation 10.06
4.6 Days
Standard Deviation 4.62

Adverse Events

Calcium Sulfate Study Group

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Control Group

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Julio Carlos Vélez de Lachica, Head of the orthopedics department at Regional Hospital Tlalnepantla

ISSEMyM Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de Mexico y Municipios

Phone: 5526269200

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place