Gut Microbiota and Behcet's Syndrome: a Dietary Intervention Trial (MAMBA Study)
NCT ID: NCT03962335
Last Updated: 2024-02-02
Study Results
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Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
90 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2019-01-06
2023-05-31
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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Behçet's syndrome (BS) is a systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by a wide range of potential clinical manifestations with no gold-standard therapy. Although BS is usually not a life-threatening condition, mortality can be associated with vascular-thrombotic and neurological affections.
A recent study by our group, for the first time, provided evidence of a peculiar gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis in BS patients, with reduced biodiversity, and decrease in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producers and butyrate production. In light of this, controlled dietary interventions specifically designed to favor the increase of butyrate-producing members of the GM may support the recovery of a healthy GM ecosystem. Lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet is characterized by abstention from consuming meat and meat products, poultry, seafood and flesh from any other animal and by a large amount of plant- derived foods. This dietary pattern has been largely demonstrated to be beneficial for both patients with an established disease and for subjects with traditional risk factors for chronic diseases. Indeed, dietary patterns rich in plant-based food have been found to promote a more favorable GM profile, according to the high amount of dietary fiber and fermentable substrate, which are sources of metabolic fuel for GM fermentation that, in turn, result in end products - mainly SCFA - that are key microbial metabolites with a multifactorial role on the host health.
Hypothesis and Specific aims:
Although the pathogenesis of BS is currently unknown, it has been recently classified at the crossroad between autoimmune and autoinflammatory syndromes. GM has been found to deeply influence our metabolic and immunological health, and specific perturbed GM configurations have been indicating a fascinating link between intestinal microbes and health status. A recent study from our group showed that a peculiar dysbiosis of the GM ecosystem is present also in patients with BS, corresponding to specific changes in the profiles of SCFA production. In particular, the GM ecosystem in BS showed a low biodiversity, in line with several other chronic disorders. Moreover, a significant depletion of well- known butyrate producers, Roseburia and Subdoligranulum, and a corresponding decrease of butyrate production in BS patients was demonstrated. Butyrate - which is the preferred fuel for colonocytes - is able to induce T regulatory cell differentiation via several mechanisms, so the butyrate impairment in BS patients could favor a reduced T regulatory cell- mediated control, thus promoting a powerful immuno-pathological T cell responses.
In this context, over the last years, growing evidence suggested that high-fiber dietary patterns are able to promote a more favorable GM profile, and are key mediators of microbial diversity. In particular, it has recently been demonstrated that high adherence to a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet - including high intake of non-refined cereals, fruit, vegetables and legumes - is associated with a beneficial GM profile, with enrichment in fiber-degrading bacteria and increase of fecal SCFA. In a similar way, other dietary patterns have been shown to modulate GM dysbiosis, by supporting the recovery of a balanced microbial community of health-promoting SCFA-producing members with the decrease of pro-inflammatory groups. Furthermore, current evidence indicates that the consumption of certain fibers - such as inulin and resistant starch - leads to specific GM rearrangements with the production of more butyrate than others in humans.
All these findings let hypothesize that the adherence to a controlled dietary profile such as lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet, possibly enriched in substrates with potential for butyrate production may select butyrate-producing bacteria - especially Roseburia spp. (Clostridium cluster XIVa) and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (Clostridium cluster IV)- so reversing the pro- inflammatory dysbiosis observed in BS.
Preliminary Data:
A recent study by our group showed that a peculiar dysbiosis of the GM ecosystem is present in patients with BS, corresponding to specific changes in the profiles of SCFA production. By strengthening this dysbiotic GM structure, a significant decrease of fecal butyrate production was found in BS patients. More recently, a high percentage of Th1/Th17 cells at gut mucosal level in BS patients was observed, thus suggesting a reduced T regulatory activity, probably mediated by reduced levels of butyrate (unpublished data).
Specific Aim 1: To conduct a dietary intervention randomized controlled trial in order to investigate whether a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet enriched in substrates with potential for butyrate production or a Mediterranean diet supplemented with 2 g/day of butyrate could be beneficial for GM and for the amelioration of the clinical manifestations and disease severity of patients with BS.
Specific Aim 2: To evaluate the effects of these interventions on: inflammatory parameters, circulating biomarkers of disease, endogenous butyrate production, and oxidative stress markers.
Specific Aim 3: To validate and extend our preliminary results on GM ecosystem dysbiosis in BS patients
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
CROSSOVER
TREATMENT
NONE
Study Groups
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VD group
Group that starts with Vegetarian diet (VD)
Vegetarian diet
7-days dietary profile with a Vegetarian diet (VD), containing inulin and resistant starch-rich foods and including no meat and fish, but containing eggs and dairy, for 3 months
Mediterranean diet with butyrate
7-days dietary profile with Mediterranean diet with oral supplementation with butyrate (MD+Bt), 2 g/day, for 3 months
Mediterranean diet
7-days dietary profile with Mediterranean diet (MD), including 2 portions per week of fish and 3 portions per week of fresh and processed meat (2 of which fresh or processed red meat), for 3 months
MD+Bt group
Group that starts with Mediterranean diet with oral supplementation with butyrate (MD+Bt)
Vegetarian diet
7-days dietary profile with a Vegetarian diet (VD), containing inulin and resistant starch-rich foods and including no meat and fish, but containing eggs and dairy, for 3 months
Mediterranean diet with butyrate
7-days dietary profile with Mediterranean diet with oral supplementation with butyrate (MD+Bt), 2 g/day, for 3 months
Mediterranean diet
7-days dietary profile with Mediterranean diet (MD), including 2 portions per week of fish and 3 portions per week of fresh and processed meat (2 of which fresh or processed red meat), for 3 months
MD group
Group that starts with Mediterranean diet (MD)
Vegetarian diet
7-days dietary profile with a Vegetarian diet (VD), containing inulin and resistant starch-rich foods and including no meat and fish, but containing eggs and dairy, for 3 months
Mediterranean diet with butyrate
7-days dietary profile with Mediterranean diet with oral supplementation with butyrate (MD+Bt), 2 g/day, for 3 months
Mediterranean diet
7-days dietary profile with Mediterranean diet (MD), including 2 portions per week of fish and 3 portions per week of fresh and processed meat (2 of which fresh or processed red meat), for 3 months
Interventions
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Vegetarian diet
7-days dietary profile with a Vegetarian diet (VD), containing inulin and resistant starch-rich foods and including no meat and fish, but containing eggs and dairy, for 3 months
Mediterranean diet with butyrate
7-days dietary profile with Mediterranean diet with oral supplementation with butyrate (MD+Bt), 2 g/day, for 3 months
Mediterranean diet
7-days dietary profile with Mediterranean diet (MD), including 2 portions per week of fish and 3 portions per week of fresh and processed meat (2 of which fresh or processed red meat), for 3 months
Other Intervention Names
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Age 18-65 years
* Willing to give informed consent
* Willing to participate in a study where one of the proposed dietary profile is a vegetarian pattern
Exclusion Criteria
* Concomitant presence of serious illness or unstable condition (autoimmune diseases; chronic viral infections; malignancies, recent myocardial infarction, chronic liver disease, inflammatory bowel diseases)
* Current or recent (past 6 months) participation in weight loss treatment program or use of weight loss medication
* Adoption of a vegetarian diet for the past 3 months
18 Years
65 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Francesco Sofi
Associate Professor of Clinical Nutrition
Principal Investigators
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Alessandro Casini, MD
Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
Unit of Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Careggi, Florence, Italy
Locations
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Unit of Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Careggi
Florence, , Italy
Countries
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References
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Skef W, Hamilton MJ, Arayssi T. Gastrointestinal Behcet's disease: a review. World J Gastroenterol. 2015 Apr 7;21(13):3801-12. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i13.3801.
Consolandi C, Turroni S, Emmi G, Severgnini M, Fiori J, Peano C, Biagi E, Grassi A, Rampelli S, Silvestri E, Centanni M, Cianchi F, Gotti R, Emmi L, Brigidi P, Bizzaro N, De Bellis G, Prisco D, Candela M, D'Elios MM. Behcet's syndrome patients exhibit specific microbiome signature. Autoimmun Rev. 2015 Apr;14(4):269-76. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2014.11.009. Epub 2014 Nov 27.
Neish AS. Microbes in gastrointestinal health and disease. Gastroenterology. 2009 Jan;136(1):65-80. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.10.080. Epub 2008 Nov 19.
Candela M, Rampelli S, Turroni S, Severgnini M, Consolandi C, De Bellis G, Masetti R, Ricci G, Pession A, Brigidi P. Unbalance of intestinal microbiota in atopic children. BMC Microbiol. 2012 Jun 6;12:95. doi: 10.1186/1471-2180-12-95.
Kosiewicz MM, Dryden GW, Chhabra A, Alard P. Relationship between gut microbiota and development of T cell associated disease. FEBS Lett. 2014 Nov 17;588(22):4195-206. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.03.019. Epub 2014 Mar 26.
Wong JM. Gut microbiota and cardiometabolic outcomes: influence of dietary patterns and their associated components. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jul;100 Suppl 1:369S-77S. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.071639. Epub 2014 Jun 4.
Sonnenburg ED, Sonnenburg JL. Starving our microbial self: the deleterious consequences of a diet deficient in microbiota-accessible carbohydrates. Cell Metab. 2014 Nov 4;20(5):779-786. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.07.003. Epub 2014 Aug 21.
Kabeerdoss J, Devi RS, Mary RR, Ramakrishna BS. Faecal microbiota composition in vegetarians: comparison with omnivores in a cohort of young women in southern India. Br J Nutr. 2012 Sep 28;108(6):953-7. doi: 10.1017/S0007114511006362. Epub 2011 Dec 20.
Haro C, Montes-Borrego M, Rangel-Zuniga OA, Alcala-Diaz JF, Gomez-Delgado F, Perez-Martinez P, Delgado-Lista J, Quintana-Navarro GM, Tinahones FJ, Landa BB, Lopez-Miranda J, Camargo A, Perez-Jimenez F. Two Healthy Diets Modulate Gut Microbial Community Improving Insulin Sensitivity in a Human Obese Population. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Jan;101(1):233-42. doi: 10.1210/jc.2015-3351. Epub 2015 Oct 27.
Candela M, Biagi E, Soverini M, Consolandi C, Quercia S, Severgnini M, Peano C, Turroni S, Rampelli S, Pozzilli P, Pianesi M, Fallucca F, Brigidi P. Modulation of gut microbiota dysbioses in type 2 diabetic patients by macrobiotic Ma-Pi 2 diet. Br J Nutr. 2016 Jul;116(1):80-93. doi: 10.1017/S0007114516001045. Epub 2016 May 6.
Candela M, Maccaferri S, Turroni S, Carnevali P, Brigidi P. Functional intestinal microbiome, new frontiers in prebiotic design. Int J Food Microbiol. 2010 Jun 15;140(2-3):93-101. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.04.017. Epub 2010 Apr 24.
International Team for the Revision of the International Criteria for Behcet's Disease (ITR-ICBD). The International Criteria for Behcet's Disease (ICBD): a collaborative study of 27 countries on the sensitivity and specificity of the new criteria. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2014 Mar;28(3):338-47. doi: 10.1111/jdv.12107. Epub 2013 Feb 26.
Munoz-Gonzalez I, Jimenez-Giron A, Martin-Alvarez PJ, Bartolome B, Moreno-Arribas MV. Profiling of microbial-derived phenolic metabolites in human feces after moderate red wine intake. J Agric Food Chem. 2013 Oct 2;61(39):9470-9. doi: 10.1021/jf4025135. Epub 2013 Sep 19.
Pagliai G, Dinu M, Fiorillo C, Becatti M, Turroni S, Emmi G, Sofi F. Modulation of gut microbiota through nutritional interventions in Behcet's syndrome patients (the MAMBA study): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2020 Jun 9;21(1):511. doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04444-6.
Other Identifiers
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MAMBA
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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