Trial Outcomes & Findings for Testing Training Programs to Improve Children's Pedestrian Behaviors (NCT NCT03960047)

NCT ID: NCT03960047

Last Updated: 2025-09-04

Results Overview

Proportion of trials on which child would be hit by a car when crossing (based on average walking speed)

• Recruitment status: COMPLETED
• Study phase: NA
• Target enrollment: 98 participants
• Primary outcome timeframe: 6 weeks
• Results posted on: 2025-09-04

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Measure	Intervention: Virtual Reality Training Uses virtual reality to train children to cross streets Virtual Reality Training: This group gets trained to cross streets using virtual reality	Intervention: Streetside Training Train children to cross streets using real traffic in curbside locations Streetside Training: This group is trained to cross streets based on streetside experiences	Control Receives no intervention
Overall Study STARTED	35	33	30
Overall Study COMPLETED	35	33	30
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Measure	Intervention: Virtual Reality Training n=35 Participants Uses virtual reality to train children to cross streets Virtual Reality Training: This group gets trained to cross streets using virtual reality	Intervention: Streetside Training n=33 Participants Train children to cross streets using real traffic in curbside locations Streetside Training: This group is trained to cross streets based on streetside experiences	Control n=30 Participants Receives no intervention	Total n=98 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical <=18 years	35 Participants n=35 Participants	33 Participants n=33 Participants	30 Participants n=30 Participants	98 Participants n=98 Participants
Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years	0 Participants n=35 Participants	0 Participants n=33 Participants	0 Participants n=30 Participants	0 Participants n=98 Participants
Age, Categorical >=65 years	0 Participants n=35 Participants	0 Participants n=33 Participants	0 Participants n=30 Participants	0 Participants n=98 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	17 Participants n=35 Participants	16 Participants n=33 Participants	15 Participants n=30 Participants	48 Participants n=98 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	18 Participants n=35 Participants	17 Participants n=33 Participants	15 Participants n=30 Participants	50 Participants n=98 Participants
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected	—	—	—	0 Participants Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
Region of Enrollment Canada	35 participants n=35 Participants	33 participants n=33 Participants	30 participants n=30 Participants	98 participants n=98 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 weeks

Population: 7-9 years

Proportion of trials on which child would be hit by a car when crossing (based on average walking speed)

Outcome measures

Measure	Intervention: Virtual Reality Training n=35 Participants Uses virtual reality to train children to cross streets Virtual Reality Training: This group gets trained to cross streets using virtual reality	Intervention: Streetside Training n=33 Participants Train children to cross streets using real traffic in curbside locations Streetside Training: This group is trained to cross streets based on streetside experiences	Control n=30 Participants Receives no intervention
Index of Crossing Safely: Hit by Car	0.15 proportion of trials Standard Deviation 0.14	.26 proportion of trials Standard Deviation .18	0.49 proportion of trials Standard Deviation 0.43

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 weeks

Population: 7-9 years

Proportion of all trials on which the child chose the correct safe place to cross (hill, blind curve, parked cars); scores can range between 0 and 1.0

Outcome measures

Measure	Intervention: Virtual Reality Training n=35 Participants Uses virtual reality to train children to cross streets Virtual Reality Training: This group gets trained to cross streets using virtual reality	Intervention: Streetside Training n=33 Participants Train children to cross streets using real traffic in curbside locations Streetside Training: This group is trained to cross streets based on streetside experiences	Control n=30 Participants Receives no intervention
Index of Crossing Safely: Where to Cross	0.82 proportion of trials Standard Deviation 0.20	0.60 proportion of trials Standard Deviation 0.42	.24 proportion of trials Standard Deviation .16

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 weeks

Population: 7-9 years

Average inter-vehicle gap selected across all trials (in seconds); higher numbers indicate safer crossings (chose larger gaps between cars)

Outcome measures

Measure	Intervention: Virtual Reality Training n=33 Participants Uses virtual reality to train children to cross streets Virtual Reality Training: This group gets trained to cross streets using virtual reality	Intervention: Streetside Training n=35 Participants Train children to cross streets using real traffic in curbside locations Streetside Training: This group is trained to cross streets based on streetside experiences	Control n=30 Participants Receives no intervention
Index of Crossing Safely: When to Cross	3.63 average number of seconds for gap chosen Standard Deviation 0.88	3.82 average number of seconds for gap chosen Standard Deviation 0.98	3.43 average number of seconds for gap chosen Standard Deviation 0.80

Adverse Events

Intervention: Virtual Reality Training

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Intervention: Streetside Training

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Control

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Professor Barbara A. Morrongiello

University Of Guelph

Phone: 5195461637

Email: bmorrong@uoguelph.ca

Results disclosure agreements

• Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
• Publication restrictions are in place