Dual Versus Single Shock for Cardioversion of Atrial Fibrillation

NCT ID: NCT03943693

Last Updated: 2021-10-29

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

TERMINATED

Clinical Phase

PHASE4

Total Enrollment

100 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2019-04-01

Study Completion Date

2021-05-31

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

The investigators aim to investigate the immediate success rate (rate of termination of atrial fibrillation) of dual shock cardioversion compared with standard single shock cardioversion in patients with baseline characteristics adversely influencing successful cardioversion. Baseline characteristics known to reduce the success rate of single shock cardioversion include: increased body mass index (BMI), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sleep apnea, enlarged left atrium, longer duration of atrial fibrillation and use of amiodarone.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Patient Enrollment Patient enrollment will be open enrollment to inpatient/outpatients who meet the inclusion/exclusion criteria listed above. This is a double-blinded study with randomization to dual shock or standard single shock synchronized cardioversion for patients requiring cardioversion for atrial fibrillation. Randomization will be performed using a standard computer-based randomization system.

Cardioversion will be performed with Zoll R series Defibrillator, which was approved by the FDA in 2017 for use as a defibrillator, with a 510K approval for use in cardioversion of atrial arrhythmias. After obtaining consent, before sedation is administered, all patients will have 2 pads placed in the antero-posterior pad position on the left chest (guideline recommended position for cardioversion of atrial fibrillation) and an additional 2 pads placed in the standard Ventricular Tachycardia/Advanced Cardiac Life Support positions, where the anterior pad is centered over the right infraclavicular space and the apical pad is placed over the left axilla . All patients will be sedated using propofol administered by anesthesiology or a combination of fentanyl and midazolam administered by cardiology staff.

Patients randomized to single shock will then be treated initially with a 200 Joule shock through the antero-posterior pads only. A repeat attempt will be made using the same approach if the initial shock fails. If the second attempt fails, the single shock approach will be considered to have failed. Patients will be crossed over to dual shock therapy while under the same sedation episode. For cross-over patients, two near-simultaneous 200-Joule shocks will be delivered through the two sets of pads already in position. If this fails further treatment will be determined by the primary team/attending cardiologist.

Patients randomized to the dual shock group will have two near-simultaneous 200-Joule shocks delivered through the two sets of pads (antero-posterior position and right infraclavicular-axillary position). The first of these shocks will be synchronized. If the first attempt with this approach fails to terminate atrial fibrillation a second attempt will be made using the same approach. If the second attempt fails the dual shock approach will be considered to have failed and further treatment will be determined by the primary team/attending cardiologist.

Primary Endpoint - Successful termination of atrial fibrillation after initial Direct Current Ccardioversion (DCCV). Successful cardioversion = immediate termination of atrial fibrillation with electrocardiographic (ECG) evidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) termination. The physician deciding whether AF was successfully terminated will be blinded to whether the shock was with single or dual shocks. - Partial success will be considered if atrial fibrillation is terminated by the second attempt using the same approach. Secondary Endpoints - Maintenance of normal sinus rhythm at one hour post cardioversion - Presence of symptomatic skin burn (symptoms rated on a scale of 1-10) - Thromboembolic complications - Ventricular Arrhythmias requiring additional shock therapy Documentation of Anticoagulation All patients need to have established therapeutic anticoagulation. Either 1) Therapeutic warfarin (with International normalized ratio (INR) \>2) or therapeutic doses of apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban or edoxaban for at least 3 consecutive weeks before and with plans to continue 4 weeks after cardioversion. 2) Therapeutic anticoagulation with intravenous heparin or therapeutic subcutaneous enoxaparin or non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant if atrial fibrillation episode is known to be of recent onset (\<48 hours), with anticoagulation to continue for at least one week post cardioversion. 3) Sub-therapeutic or no anticoagulation preceding cardioversion, but transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) confirming absence of intra-cardiac thrombus. Therapeutic anticoagulation should be administered just prior to cardioversion and planned to continue for at least 4 weeks post cardioversion.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Atrial Fibrillation

Keywords

Explore important study keywords that can help with search, categorization, and topic discovery.

Cardioversion

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Participants Caregivers

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Single Shock Group

Patients randomized to single shock will then be treated initially with a 200 Joule shock through the antero-posterior pads only.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Single shock

Intervention Type DEVICE

Patients randomized to single shock will then be treated initially with a 200 Joule shock through the antero-posterior pads only. A repeat attempt will be made using the same approach if the initial shock fails. If the second attempt fails, the single shock approach will be considered to have failed. Patients will be crossed over to dual shock therapy while under the same sedation episode. For cross-over patients, two near-simultaneous 200-Joule shocks will be delivered through the two sets of pads already in position. If this fails further treatment will be determined by the primary team/attending cardiologist.

Double Shock Group

Patients randomized to the dual shock group will have two near-simultaneous 200-Joule shocks delivered through the two sets of pads (antero-posterior position and right infraclavicular-axillary position). The first of these shocks will be synchronized.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Double shock

Intervention Type DEVICE

Patients randomized to the dual shock group will have two near-simultaneous 200-Joule shocks delivered through the two sets of pads (antero-posterior position and right infraclavicular-axillary position). The first of these shocks will be synchronized. If the first attempt with this approach fails to terminate atrial fibrillation a second attempt will be made using the same approach. If the second attempt fails the dual shock approach will be considered to have failed and further treatment will be determined by the primary team/attending cardiologist.

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Double shock

Patients randomized to the dual shock group will have two near-simultaneous 200-Joule shocks delivered through the two sets of pads (antero-posterior position and right infraclavicular-axillary position). The first of these shocks will be synchronized. If the first attempt with this approach fails to terminate atrial fibrillation a second attempt will be made using the same approach. If the second attempt fails the dual shock approach will be considered to have failed and further treatment will be determined by the primary team/attending cardiologist.

Intervention Type DEVICE

Single shock

Patients randomized to single shock will then be treated initially with a 200 Joule shock through the antero-posterior pads only. A repeat attempt will be made using the same approach if the initial shock fails. If the second attempt fails, the single shock approach will be considered to have failed. Patients will be crossed over to dual shock therapy while under the same sedation episode. For cross-over patients, two near-simultaneous 200-Joule shocks will be delivered through the two sets of pads already in position. If this fails further treatment will be determined by the primary team/attending cardiologist.

Intervention Type DEVICE

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Outpatient or inpatients with atrial fibrillation sent for elective direct current cardioversion (DCCV) with at least 1 of the following risk factors will be included:

* BMI \>30
* History of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease/emphysema/asthma
* Significant Valvular heart disease (at least moderate regurgitation/stenosis)
* History of Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction/Heart Failure with reduced Ejection Fraction
* Cardiomyopathy with ejection fraction \<40%
* Left atrium anterior-posterio (AP) dimension \>4.5cm
* Presence of Left ventricular hypertrophy (≥1.1cm septal/posterior wall M-mode) on transthoracic echocardiogram
* History of sleep apnea

Exclusion Criteria

* Consent not obtained
* \<18 y.o.
* \>80 y.o.
* Not adequately anti-coagulated
* Patient hemodynamically unstable and DCCV required as an emergent procedure
* Prisoners or pregnant patients
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

80 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

University of Oklahoma

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Deborah Lockwood, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Oklahoma

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

University of Oklahoma Health Science Center

Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

United States

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Saliba W, Juratli N, Chung MK, Niebauer MJ, Erdogan O, Trohman R, Wilkoff BL, Augostini R, Mowrey KA, Nadzam GR, Tchou PJ. Higher energy synchronized external direct current cardioversion for refractory atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999 Dec;34(7):2031-4. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(99)00463-5.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 10588220 (View on PubMed)

Chugh SS, Havmoeller R, Narayanan K, Singh D, Rienstra M, Benjamin EJ, Gillum RF, Kim YH, McAnulty JH Jr, Zheng ZJ, Forouzanfar MH, Naghavi M, Mensah GA, Ezzati M, Murray CJ. Worldwide epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: a Global Burden of Disease 2010 Study. Circulation. 2014 Feb 25;129(8):837-47. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005119. Epub 2013 Dec 17.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 24345399 (View on PubMed)

Boriani G, Diemberger I, Biffi M, Domenichini G, Martignani C, Valzania C, Branzi A. Electrical cardioversion for persistent atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter in clinical practice: predictors of long-term outcome. Int J Clin Pract. 2007 May;61(5):748-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2007.01298.x.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 17493088 (View on PubMed)

Larsen MT, Lyngborg K, Pedersen F, Corell P. [Predictive factors of maintenance of sinus rhythm after direct current (DC) cardioversion of atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter]. Ugeskr Laeger. 2005 Sep 5;167(36):3408-12. Danish.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 16159494 (View on PubMed)

Vinolas X, Freire F, Romero-Menor C, Alegret JM. [Predictors of reversion to sinus rhythm previous to electrical cardioversion in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation treated with anti-arrhythmic drugs]. Med Clin (Barc). 2013 Apr 20;140(8):351-5. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2012.02.026. Epub 2012 Sep 14. Spanish.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 22982132 (View on PubMed)

Marrouche NF, Bardy GH, Frielitz HJ, Gunther J, Brachmann J. Quadruple pads approach for external cardioversion of atrial fibrillation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2001 Sep;24(9 Pt 1):1321-4. doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9592.2001.01321.x.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 11584453 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

10276

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id