Trial Outcomes & Findings for Avelumab in Combination With Hypofractionated Radiotherapy in Patients With Relapsed Refractory Multiple Myeloma (NCT NCT03910439)

NCT ID: NCT03910439

Last Updated: 2021-05-12

Results Overview

ORR is defined as participants who experience a partial response (PR), very good partial response (VGPR), complete response (CR), or stringent complete response (sCR) per International Myeloma Working Group Criteria (IMWG) 2016 criteria. Complete Response is defined as negative immunofixation on the serum and urine and disappearance of any soft tissue plasmacytomas and \<5% plasma cells in bone marrow aspirates. Stringent Complete Response is defined as complete response as noted previously plus normal free light chain (FLC) ratio and absence of clonal cells in bone marrow biopsy by immune-histochemistry. Partial Response is ≥50% reduction of serum M-protein plus reduction in 24 hour(h) urinary M-protein by ≥90% or to \<200 mg per 24 h. Very Good Partial Response is serum and urine M-protein detectable by immunofixation but not on electrophoresis or ≥90% reduction in serum M-protein plus urine M-protein level \<100 mg per 24 h.

Recruitment status

TERMINATED

Study phase

PHASE2

Target enrollment

4 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

up to end of study, an average of 11 months

Results posted on

2021-05-12

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
1/Avelumab 800 mg Intravenous (IV) Every Two Weeks in Combination With Radiation Therapy
Avelumab 800 mg IV every two weeks in combination with radiation therapy Avelumab: Avelumab 800 mg intravenous (IV) over 60 minutes (+/- 20 minutes) on days 1 and 15 of each 28-day cycle External beam radiotherapy: 5 gray (Gy) per fraction will be delivered on 5 consecutive treatment days for a total dose 25 Gy
Overall Study
STARTED
4
Overall Study
COMPLETED
4
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Avelumab in Combination With Hypofractionated Radiotherapy in Patients With Relapsed Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
1/Avelumab 800 mg Intravenous (IV) Every Two Weeks in Combination With Radiation Therapy
n=4 Participants
Avelumab 800 mg IV every two weeks in combination with radiation therapy Avelumab: Avelumab 800 mg intravenous (IV) over 60 minutes (+/- 20 minutes) on days 1 and 15 of each 28-day cycle External beam radiotherapy: 5 gray (Gy) per fraction will be delivered on 5 consecutive treatment days for a total dose 25 Gy
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Continuous
74.44 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.36 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
4 participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: up to end of study, an average of 11 months

ORR is defined as participants who experience a partial response (PR), very good partial response (VGPR), complete response (CR), or stringent complete response (sCR) per International Myeloma Working Group Criteria (IMWG) 2016 criteria. Complete Response is defined as negative immunofixation on the serum and urine and disappearance of any soft tissue plasmacytomas and \<5% plasma cells in bone marrow aspirates. Stringent Complete Response is defined as complete response as noted previously plus normal free light chain (FLC) ratio and absence of clonal cells in bone marrow biopsy by immune-histochemistry. Partial Response is ≥50% reduction of serum M-protein plus reduction in 24 hour(h) urinary M-protein by ≥90% or to \<200 mg per 24 h. Very Good Partial Response is serum and urine M-protein detectable by immunofixation but not on electrophoresis or ≥90% reduction in serum M-protein plus urine M-protein level \<100 mg per 24 h.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
1/Avelumab 800 mg Intravenous (IV) Every Two Weeks in Combination With Radiation Therapy
n=4 Participants
Avelumab 800 mg IV every two weeks in combination with radiation therapy Avelumab: Avelumab 800 mg intravenous (IV) over 60 minutes (+/- 20 minutes) on days 1 and 15 of each 28-day cycle External beam radiotherapy: 5 gray (Gy) per fraction will be delivered on 5 consecutive treatment days for a total dose 25 Gy
Grade 2
Grade 2 is moderate.
Grade 3
Grade 3 is severe or medically significant.
Overall Response Rate (ORR)
Complete Response
0 Proportion of participants
Interval 0.0 to 0.0
Overall Response Rate (ORR)
Stringent Complete Response
0 Proportion of participants
Interval 0.0 to 0.0
Overall Response Rate (ORR)
Partial Response
0 Proportion of participants
Interval 0.0 to 0.0
Overall Response Rate (ORR)
Very Good Partial Response
0 Proportion of participants
Interval 0.0 to 0.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: up to end of study for individual patient, an average of 11 months

Response was assessed by the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) response criteria, 2016. Complete Response is defined as negative immunofixation on the serum and urine and disappearance of any soft tissue plasmacytomas and \<5% plasma cells in bone marrow aspirates. Stringent Complete Response is defined as complete response as noted previously plus normal free light chain (FLC) ratio and absence of clonal cells in bone marrow biopsy by immune-histochemistry.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
1/Avelumab 800 mg Intravenous (IV) Every Two Weeks in Combination With Radiation Therapy
n=4 Participants
Avelumab 800 mg IV every two weeks in combination with radiation therapy Avelumab: Avelumab 800 mg intravenous (IV) over 60 minutes (+/- 20 minutes) on days 1 and 15 of each 28-day cycle External beam radiotherapy: 5 gray (Gy) per fraction will be delivered on 5 consecutive treatment days for a total dose 25 Gy
Grade 2
Grade 2 is moderate.
Grade 3
Grade 3 is severe or medically significant.
Fraction of Participants Who Experience a Complete Response (CR) or Stringent Complete Response (sCR) Using the Study Treatment
0 Proportion of participants
Interval 0.0 to 0.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: up to up to end of study for individual patient, an average of 11 months

Response was assessed by the International Myeloma Working Group Criteria (IMWG) 2016 criteria. Sustained MRDnegCR is defined as negativity in the marrow (next-generation flow (NGF) or next-generation sequencing (NGS), or both) and by imaging confirmed minimum of 1 year apart.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
1/Avelumab 800 mg Intravenous (IV) Every Two Weeks in Combination With Radiation Therapy
n=4 Participants
Avelumab 800 mg IV every two weeks in combination with radiation therapy Avelumab: Avelumab 800 mg intravenous (IV) over 60 minutes (+/- 20 minutes) on days 1 and 15 of each 28-day cycle External beam radiotherapy: 5 gray (Gy) per fraction will be delivered on 5 consecutive treatment days for a total dose 25 Gy
Grade 2
Grade 2 is moderate.
Grade 3
Grade 3 is severe or medically significant.
Fraction of Participants Who Experience a Minimal Residual Disease Negative (MRDneg)Complete Response (CR) Using the Study Treatment
0 Proportion of participants
Interval 0.0 to 0.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and up to end of study for individual patient, an average of 11 months

Blood samples and bone marrow samples were taken from participants and processed by flow cytometry.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
1/Avelumab 800 mg Intravenous (IV) Every Two Weeks in Combination With Radiation Therapy
n=4 Participants
Avelumab 800 mg IV every two weeks in combination with radiation therapy Avelumab: Avelumab 800 mg intravenous (IV) over 60 minutes (+/- 20 minutes) on days 1 and 15 of each 28-day cycle External beam radiotherapy: 5 gray (Gy) per fraction will be delivered on 5 consecutive treatment days for a total dose 25 Gy
Grade 2
Grade 2 is moderate.
Grade 3
Grade 3 is severe or medically significant.
Percent Change in Aberrant Circulating Plasma Cells in the Peripheral Blood (PB) and Bone Marrow (BM) From Baseline
Peripheral blood at baseline
0 Percent change
Interval 0.0 to 0.0
Percent Change in Aberrant Circulating Plasma Cells in the Peripheral Blood (PB) and Bone Marrow (BM) From Baseline
Bone marrow at baseline
0 Percent change
Interval 0.0 to 0.0
Percent Change in Aberrant Circulating Plasma Cells in the Peripheral Blood (PB) and Bone Marrow (BM) From Baseline
Peripheral blood at end of study
18 Percent change
Interval -1.0 to 1000.0
Percent Change in Aberrant Circulating Plasma Cells in the Peripheral Blood (PB) and Bone Marrow (BM) From Baseline
Bone marrow at end of study
55 Percent change
Interval -0.01 to 1250.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: end of study

Population: This outcome measure was not evaluated due to study closure.

Radiographic reduction in size of non-irradiated extramedullary lesions.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: End of study

Population: This outcome measure was not evaluated due to study closure.

FDG avidity of extramedullary lesions.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: End of study, an average of 11 months

PFS was defined as those who progress or die without progression as failures, and censoring those who do not. Progressive disease was assessed by the 2016 International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) response criteria and is an increase of 25% from lowest confirmed response value in one or more of the following criteria: Serum M-protein (absolute increase must be ≥0·5 g/dL); Serum M-protein increase ≥1 g/dL, if the lowest M component was ≥5 g/dL; Urine M-protein (absolute increase must be ≥200 mg/24 h); In patients without measurable serum and urine M-protein levels, the difference between involved and uninvolved free light chain (FLC) levels (absolute increase must be \>10 mg/dL).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
1/Avelumab 800 mg Intravenous (IV) Every Two Weeks in Combination With Radiation Therapy
n=4 Participants
Avelumab 800 mg IV every two weeks in combination with radiation therapy Avelumab: Avelumab 800 mg intravenous (IV) over 60 minutes (+/- 20 minutes) on days 1 and 15 of each 28-day cycle External beam radiotherapy: 5 gray (Gy) per fraction will be delivered on 5 consecutive treatment days for a total dose 25 Gy
Grade 2
Grade 2 is moderate.
Grade 3
Grade 3 is severe or medically significant.
Progression-free Survival (PFS)
5.3 Months
Interval 2.5 to 7.1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Enrollment through end of study, an average of 11 months

Participants who are alive following enrollment and study treatment.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
1/Avelumab 800 mg Intravenous (IV) Every Two Weeks in Combination With Radiation Therapy
n=4 Participants
Avelumab 800 mg IV every two weeks in combination with radiation therapy Avelumab: Avelumab 800 mg intravenous (IV) over 60 minutes (+/- 20 minutes) on days 1 and 15 of each 28-day cycle External beam radiotherapy: 5 gray (Gy) per fraction will be delivered on 5 consecutive treatment days for a total dose 25 Gy
Grade 2
Grade 2 is moderate.
Grade 3
Grade 3 is severe or medically significant.
Percentage of Participants With Overall Survival (OS)
100 percentage of participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Date treatment consent signed to date off study, approximately 14 months and 4 days.

Grade ≥1 non-serious adverse events were assessed by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE v5.0). A non-serious adverse event is any untoward medical occurrence. Grade 1 is mild, Grade 2 is moderate, and Grade 3 is severe or medically significant.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
1/Avelumab 800 mg Intravenous (IV) Every Two Weeks in Combination With Radiation Therapy
n=4 Participants
Avelumab 800 mg IV every two weeks in combination with radiation therapy Avelumab: Avelumab 800 mg intravenous (IV) over 60 minutes (+/- 20 minutes) on days 1 and 15 of each 28-day cycle External beam radiotherapy: 5 gray (Gy) per fraction will be delivered on 5 consecutive treatment days for a total dose 25 Gy
Grade 2
n=4 Participants
Grade 2 is moderate.
Grade 3
n=4 Participants
Grade 3 is severe or medically significant.
Number of Participants With Grade ≥1 Non-serious Adverse Events
Skin infection
1 Participants
0 Participants
0 Participants
Number of Participants With Grade ≥1 Non-serious Adverse Events
Alanine aminotransferase increased
1 Participants
1 Participants
0 Participants
Number of Participants With Grade ≥1 Non-serious Adverse Events
Alkaline aminotransferase increased
1 Participants
0 Participants
0 Participants
Number of Participants With Grade ≥1 Non-serious Adverse Events
Arthralgia
1 Participants
0 Participants
0 Participants
Number of Participants With Grade ≥1 Non-serious Adverse Events
Aspartate aminotransferase increased
1 Participants
1 Participants
0 Participants
Number of Participants With Grade ≥1 Non-serious Adverse Events
Chest pain - cardiac
0 Participants
1 Participants
0 Participants
Number of Participants With Grade ≥1 Non-serious Adverse Events
Eye disorders - Other, posterior vitreous detachment
1 Participants
0 Participants
0 Participants
Number of Participants With Grade ≥1 Non-serious Adverse Events
Nausea
1 Participants
0 Participants
0 Participants
Number of Participants With Grade ≥1 Non-serious Adverse Events
Pain
1 Participants
1 Participants
0 Participants
Number of Participants With Grade ≥1 Non-serious Adverse Events
Rash maculo-papular
1 Participants
0 Participants
0 Participants
Number of Participants With Grade ≥1 Non-serious Adverse Events
Syncope
0 Participants
0 Participants
1 Participants
Number of Participants With Grade ≥1 Non-serious Adverse Events
Vomiting
0 Participants
1 Participants
0 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 4 weeks

Response was assessed by the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) response criteria, 2016. Minimal Response is ≥25% but ≤49% reduction of serum M-protein and reduction in 24-h urine M-protein by 50-89%; in addition, if present at baseline, a ≥50% reduction in the size (SPD) of soft tissue plasmacytomas is also required. Stable Disease is not meeting criteria for complete response, very good partial response, partial response, minimal response, or progressive disease. And Progressive Disease is appearance of a new lesion(s), ≥50% increase from nadir in sum of the products of diameters (SPD) of \>1 lesion, or ≥50% increase in the longest diameter of a previous lesion \>1 cm in short axis; ≥50% increase in circulating plasma cells (minimum of 200 cells per microliter (μL) if this is the only measure of disease.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
1/Avelumab 800 mg Intravenous (IV) Every Two Weeks in Combination With Radiation Therapy
n=4 Participants
Avelumab 800 mg IV every two weeks in combination with radiation therapy Avelumab: Avelumab 800 mg intravenous (IV) over 60 minutes (+/- 20 minutes) on days 1 and 15 of each 28-day cycle External beam radiotherapy: 5 gray (Gy) per fraction will be delivered on 5 consecutive treatment days for a total dose 25 Gy
Grade 2
Grade 2 is moderate.
Grade 3
Grade 3 is severe or medically significant.
Number of Participants Overall Best Response
Minimal Response
1 Participants
Number of Participants Overall Best Response
Stable Disease
2 Participants
Number of Participants Overall Best Response
Progressive Disease
1 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Date treatment consent signed to date off study, approximately 14 months and 4 days.

Here is the number of participants with non-serious adverse events assessed by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE v5.0). A non-serious adverse event is any untoward medical occurrence.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
1/Avelumab 800 mg Intravenous (IV) Every Two Weeks in Combination With Radiation Therapy
n=4 Participants
Avelumab 800 mg IV every two weeks in combination with radiation therapy Avelumab: Avelumab 800 mg intravenous (IV) over 60 minutes (+/- 20 minutes) on days 1 and 15 of each 28-day cycle External beam radiotherapy: 5 gray (Gy) per fraction will be delivered on 5 consecutive treatment days for a total dose 25 Gy
Grade 2
Grade 2 is moderate.
Grade 3
Grade 3 is severe or medically significant.
Number of Participants With Non-serious Adverse Events Assessed by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE v5.0)
4 Participants

Adverse Events

1/Avelumab 800 mg Intravenous (IV) Every Two Weeks in Combination With Radiation Therapy

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 4 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
1/Avelumab 800 mg Intravenous (IV) Every Two Weeks in Combination With Radiation Therapy
n=4 participants at risk
Avelumab 800 mg IV every two weeks in combination with radiation therapy Avelumab: Avelumab 800 mg intravenous (IV) over 60 minutes (+/- 20 minutes) on days 1 and 15 of each 28-day cycle External beam radiotherapy: 5 gray (Gy) per fraction will be delivered on 5 consecutive treatment days for a total dose 25 Gy
Investigations
Alanine aminotransferase increased
25.0%
1/4 • Number of events 3 • Date treatment consent signed to date off study, approximately 14 months and 4 days.
Investigations
Alkaline phosphatase increased
25.0%
1/4 • Number of events 1 • Date treatment consent signed to date off study, approximately 14 months and 4 days.
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Arthralgia
25.0%
1/4 • Number of events 1 • Date treatment consent signed to date off study, approximately 14 months and 4 days.
Investigations
Aspartate aminotransferase increased
25.0%
1/4 • Number of events 2 • Date treatment consent signed to date off study, approximately 14 months and 4 days.
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Chest pain - cardiac
25.0%
1/4 • Number of events 1 • Date treatment consent signed to date off study, approximately 14 months and 4 days.
Eye disorders
Eye disorders - Other, posterior vitreous detachment
25.0%
1/4 • Number of events 1 • Date treatment consent signed to date off study, approximately 14 months and 4 days.
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea
25.0%
1/4 • Number of events 1 • Date treatment consent signed to date off study, approximately 14 months and 4 days.
General disorders
Pain
25.0%
1/4 • Number of events 2 • Date treatment consent signed to date off study, approximately 14 months and 4 days.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Rash maculo-papular
25.0%
1/4 • Number of events 1 • Date treatment consent signed to date off study, approximately 14 months and 4 days.
Infections and infestations
Skin infection
25.0%
1/4 • Number of events 2 • Date treatment consent signed to date off study, approximately 14 months and 4 days.
Nervous system disorders
Syncope
25.0%
1/4 • Number of events 1 • Date treatment consent signed to date off study, approximately 14 months and 4 days.
Gastrointestinal disorders
Vomiting
25.0%
1/4 • Number of events 1 • Date treatment consent signed to date off study, approximately 14 months and 4 days.

Additional Information

Dr. Mark Roschewski

National Cancer Institute

Phone: 240-760-6183

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place