Trial Outcomes & Findings for Comparison of Kinesio Taping and Local Injection in Chronic Low Back Pain (NCT NCT03895307)

NCT ID: NCT03895307

Last Updated: 2021-04-13

Results Overview

visual analog scale: minimum score: 0 maximum score: 10. Higher scores reflect more severe pain

• Recruitment status: COMPLETED
• Study phase: NA
• Target enrollment: 84 participants
• Primary outcome timeframe: day 0 (before intervention)
• Results posted on: 2021-04-13

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Measure	Kinesio Taping two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Overall Study STARTED	21	20	22	21
Overall Study COMPLETED	19	20	20	21
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	2	0	2	0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Comparison of Kinesio Taping and Local Injection in Chronic Low Back Pain

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=21 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=22 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection	Total n=84 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical <=18 years	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants
Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years	20 Participants n=5 Participants	17 Participants n=7 Participants	17 Participants n=5 Participants	20 Participants n=4 Participants	74 Participants n=21 Participants
Age, Categorical >=65 years	1 Participants n=5 Participants	3 Participants n=7 Participants	5 Participants n=5 Participants	1 Participants n=4 Participants	10 Participants n=21 Participants
Age, Continuous	39.67 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.72 • n=5 Participants	47.20 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.60 • n=7 Participants	47.82 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.95 • n=5 Participants	41.48 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.69 • n=4 Participants	44.05 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.09 • n=21 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	9 Participants n=5 Participants	8 Participants n=7 Participants	5 Participants n=5 Participants	12 Participants n=4 Participants	34 Participants n=21 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	12 Participants n=5 Participants	12 Participants n=7 Participants	17 Participants n=5 Participants	9 Participants n=4 Participants	50 Participants n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Asian	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) White	21 Participants n=5 Participants	20 Participants n=7 Participants	22 Participants n=5 Participants	21 Participants n=4 Participants	84 Participants n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants
Region of Enrollment Turkey	21 participants n=5 Participants	20 participants n=7 Participants	22 participants n=5 Participants	21 participants n=4 Participants	84 participants n=21 Participants
Body Mass Index	27.63 kg/m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.70 • n=5 Participants	27.25 kg/m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.88 • n=7 Participants	27.05 kg/m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.47 • n=5 Participants	27.05 kg/m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.73 • n=4 Participants	27.24 kg/m2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.13 • n=21 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: day 0 (before intervention)

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

visual analog scale: minimum score: 0 maximum score: 10. Higher scores reflect more severe pain

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=21 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=22 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Pain Severity: Visual Analog Scale	7.26 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.8	7.75 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.44	7.8 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.89	7.62 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.92

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: day 16 (after 6th application)

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

visual analog scale: minimum score: 0 maximum score: 10. Higher scores reflect more severe pain

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=19 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=20 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Pain Severity: Visual Analog Scale	2.89 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.1	3.35 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.11	2.85 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.98	3.52 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.13

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 1 month after intervention

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

visual analog scale: minimum score: 0 maximum score: 10. Higher scores reflect more severe pain

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=19 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=20 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Pain Severity: Visual Analog Scale	3.58 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.56	4.65 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.99	3.65 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.36	5.81 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.18

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 months after intervention

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

visual analog scale: minimum score: 0 maximum score: 10. Higher scores reflect more severe pain

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=19 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=20 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Pain Severity: Visual Analog Scale	4.42 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.41	5.20 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.94	5 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.77	6.48 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.22

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: day 0 (before intervention)

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

Oswestry Disabiliy Index:

minimum score: 0 maximum score: 50. Higher scores reflect more severe disability

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=21 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=22 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Disability Severity: Oswestry Disabiliy Index	17.42 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.65	18.30 score on a scale Standard Deviation 3.45	17.1 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.38	17.57 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.72

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: day 16 (after 6th application)

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

Oswestry Disabiliy Index:

minimum score: 0 maximum score: 50. Higher scores reflect more severe disability

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=19 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=20 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Disability Severity: Oswestry Disability Index	7.68 score on a scale Standard Deviation 6.67	6.50 score on a scale Standard Deviation 6.66	6.15 score on a scale Standard Deviation 4.95	10.43 score on a scale Standard Deviation 5.07

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 1 month after intervention

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

Oswestry Disabiliy Index:

minimum score: 0 maximum score: 50. Higher scores reflect more severe disability

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=19 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=20 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Disability Severity: Oswestry Disability Index	10.84 score on a scale Standard Deviation 8.21	10.50 score on a scale Standard Deviation 7.58	8.85 score on a scale Standard Deviation 6.67	14.38 score on a scale Standard Deviation 4.57

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 months after intervention

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

Oswestry Disabiliy Index:

minimum score: 0 maximum score: 50. Higher scores reflect more severe disability

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=19 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=20 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Disability Severity: Oswestry Disability Index	13.84 score on a scale Standard Deviation 6.44	14.20 score on a scale Standard Deviation 6.52	13.35 score on a scale Standard Deviation 4.35	16.10 score on a scale Standard Deviation 3.89

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: day 0 (before intervention)

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

short form 36: The SF-36 form generates eight subscales. The eight subscales are: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical problems, bodily pain, general health perceptions, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health.

short form 36 physical functioning subscale scores are given. minimum score: 0 maximum score: 100. Higher scores indicate a better of quality of life

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=21 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=22 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Patient Reported Quality of Life: Short Form 36 Physical Functioning	53.1 score on a scale Standard Deviation 13.08	50.75 score on a scale Standard Deviation 14.53	45.9 score on a scale Standard Deviation 12.54	50.71 score on a scale Standard Deviation 12.97

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: day 16 (after 6th application)

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

short form 36: The SF-36 form generates eight subscales. The eight subscales are: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical problems, bodily pain, general health perceptions, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health.

short form 36 physical functioning subscale scores are given. minimum score: 0 maximum score: 100. Higher scores indicate a better of quality of life

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=19 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=20 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Patient Reported Quality of Life: Short Form 36 Physical Functioning	77.63 score on a scale Standard Deviation 14.75	74 score on a scale Standard Deviation 13.53	75 score on a scale Standard Deviation 15.39	74.05 score on a scale Standard Deviation 15.46

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 1 month after intervention

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

short form 36: The SF-36 form generates eight subscales. The eight subscales are: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical problems, bodily pain, general health perceptions, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health.

short form 36 physical functioning subscale scores are given. minimum score: 0 maximum score: 100. Higher scores indicate a better of quality of life

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=19 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=20 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Patient Reported Quality of Life: Short Form 36 Physical Functioning	68.11 score on a scale Standard Deviation 16.69	61.70 score on a scale Standard Deviation 19.47	67.20 score on a scale Standard Deviation 16.26	57.86 score on a scale Standard Deviation 16.32

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 months after intervention

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

short form 36: The SF-36 form generates eight subscales. The eight subscales are: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical problems, bodily pain, general health perceptions, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health.

short form 36 physical functioning subscale scores are given. minimum score: 0 maximum score: 100. Higher scores indicate a better of quality of life

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=19 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=20 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Patient Reported Quality of Life: Short Form 36 Physical Functioning	58.84 score on a scale Standard Deviation 13.26	55.15 score on a scale Standard Deviation 15.35	56.65 score on a scale Standard Deviation 16.27	54.05 score on a scale Standard Deviation 14.63

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: day 0 (before intervention)

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

Schober's test is classically used to determine if there is a decrease in lumbar spine range of motion (flexion).

Patient is standing, examiner marks the L5 spinous process by drawing a horizontal line across the patients back.

A second line is marked 10 cm above the first line. Patient is then instructed to flex forward as if attempting to touch his/her toes, examiner remeasures distance between two lines with patient fully flexed.

The difference between the measurements in erect and flexion positions indicates the outcome of the lumbar flexion.

Less than 5cm increase in length with forward flexion: Decreased lumbar spine range of motion.

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=21 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=22 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Spinal Mobility: Schober Test	4.09 centimeters Standard Deviation 0.58	4.37 centimeters Standard Deviation 0.77	3.75 centimeters Standard Deviation 0.88	4.38 centimeters Standard Deviation 0.72

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: day 16 (after 6th application)

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

Schober's test is classically used to determine if there is a decrease in lumbar spine range of motion (flexion).

Patient is standing, examiner marks the L5 spinous process by drawing a horizontal line across the patients back.

A second line is marked 10 cm above the first line. Patient is then instructed to flex forward as if attempting to touch his/her toes, examiner remeasures distance between two lines with patient fully flexed.

The difference between the measurements in erect and flexion positions indicates the outcome of the lumbar flexion.

Less than 5cm increase in length with forward flexion: Decreased lumbar spine range of motion.

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=19 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=20 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Spinal Mobility: Schober Test	4.36 centimeters Standard Deviation 0.43	4.37 centimeters Standard Deviation 0.77	4.27 centimeters Standard Deviation 0.63	4.59 centimeters Standard Deviation 0.49

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 1 month after intervention

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

Schober's test is classically used to determine if there is a decrease in lumbar spine range of motion (flexion).

Patient is standing, examiner marks the L5 spinous process by drawing a horizontal line across the patients back.

A second line is marked 10 cm above the first line. Patient is then instructed to flex forward as if attempting to touch his/her toes, examiner remeasures distance between two lines with patient fully flexed.

The difference between the measurements in erect and flexion positions indicates the outcome of the lumbar flexion.

Less than 5cm increase in length with forward flexion: Decreased lumbar spine range of motion.

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=19 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=20 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Spinal Mobility: Schober Test	4.36 centimeters Standard Deviation 0.43	4.42 centimeters Standard Deviation 0.74	4.27 centimeters Standard Deviation 0.63	4.54 centimeters Standard Deviation 0.54

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 months after intervention

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

Schober's test is classically used to determine if there is a decrease in lumbar spine range of motion (flexion).

Patient is standing, examiner marks the L5 spinous process by drawing a horizontal line across the patients back.

A second line is marked 10 cm above the first line. Patient is then instructed to flex forward as if attempting to touch his/her toes, examiner remeasures distance between two lines with patient fully flexed.

The difference between the measurements in erect and flexion positions indicates the outcome of the lumbar flexion.

Less than 5cm increase in length with forward flexion: Decreased lumbar spine range of motion.

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=19 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=20 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Spinal Mobility: Schober Test	4.36 centimeters Standard Deviation 0.43	4.42 centimeters Standard Deviation 0.74	4.2 centimeters Standard Deviation 0.61	4.54 centimeters Standard Deviation 0.54

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: day 0 before intervention

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

Short Form 36: The SF-36 form generates eight subscales. The eight subscales are: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical problems, bodily pain, general health perceptions, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health.

Short Form-36 Mental health subscale scores are given. Mental minimum score: 0 maximum score: 100. Higher scores indicate a better of quality of life.

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=21 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=22 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Patient Reported Quality of Life: Short Form-36 Mental Health	68 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0	67.5 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.23	68 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0	68 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: day 16 (after 6th application)

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

Short Form 36: The SF-36 form generates eight subscales. The eight subscales are: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical problems, bodily pain, general health perceptions, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health.

Short Form-36 Mental health subscale scores are given. Mental minimum score: 0 maximum score: 100. Higher scores indicate a better of quality of life.

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=19 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=20 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Patient Reported Quality of Life: Short Form-36 Mental Health	79.79 score on a scale Standard Deviation 7.48	78.6 score on a scale Standard Deviation 5.51	78 score on a scale Standard Deviation 5.51	77.52 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.18

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 1 month after intervention

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

Short Form 36: The SF-36 form generates eight subscales. The eight subscales are: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical problems, bodily pain, general health perceptions, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health.

Short Form-36 Mental health subscale scores are given. Mental minimum score: 0 maximum score: 100. Higher scores indicate a better of quality of life.

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=19 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=20 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Patient Reported Quality of Life: Short Form-36 Mental Health	77.16 score on a scale Standard Deviation 9.29	73.10 score on a scale Standard Deviation 7.96	76.6 score on a scale Standard Deviation 7.05	71.81 score on a scale Standard Deviation 4.97

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 months after intervention

Population: intent to treat population(all participants)

Short Form 36: The SF-36 form generates eight subscales. The eight subscales are: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical problems, bodily pain, general health perceptions, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health.

Short Form-36 Mental health subscale scores are given. Mental minimum score: 0 maximum score: 100. Higher scores indicate a better of quality of life.

Outcome measures

Measure	Kinesio Taping n=19 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Sham Kinesio Taping n=20 Participants two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally but without stretching kinesio tape: two 15 cm I type kinesio tape applied longitudinally	Local Anesthetic n=20 Participants 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection local anesthetic: local anesthetic: 18-20 cc %0.5 lidocaine subcutaneous injection	Local Serum Physiologic n=21 Participants 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection local serum physiologic: serum physiologic : 18-20 cc % 0.09 NaCl subcutaneous injection
Patient Reported Quality of Life: Short Form-36 Mental Health	74.42 score on a scale Standard Deviation 7.96	72.1 score on a scale Standard Deviation 7.90	73.60 score on a scale Standard Deviation 7.93	71.33 score on a scale Standard Deviation 4.83

Adverse Events

Kinesio Tape

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Sham Kinesio Taping

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Local Anesthetic

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Local Serum Physiologic

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Adem Erbirol

SultanAbdulhamid

Phone: +905426608788

Email: aerbirol@hotmail.com

Results disclosure agreements

• Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
• Publication restrictions are in place