Trial Outcomes & Findings for Repeat Surgery for Patients With Post-operative Trachomatous Trichiasis Trial (NCT NCT03886519)

NCT ID: NCT03886519

Last Updated: 2024-02-22

Results Overview

Presence of post-operative trichiasis defined as at least one trichiatic eyelashes or evidence of recent epilation. Trichiatic eyelashes are eyelashes touching the globe with the eye in the primary gaze. The outcome will be assessed at 3-6 months and at 12 months. If the eyelid has trichiasis at 2 weeks, but not at 3-6 months or 12 months, the eyelid will not be considered to have post-operative trichiasis. Due to COVID, the visit window for the Month 12 visits ranged from 10-20 months.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

886 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

10-20 months

Results posted on

2024-02-22

Participant Flow

A total of 886 participants were enrolled. Of those enrolled, 700 received surgery in accordance with the surgical protocol and the analyses are based on these participants.

Unit of analysis: Eyes

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
BRAP (Bevel/Rotate/Advance Procedure)
The Bevel/rotate/advance procedure (BRAP) involves a partial-thickness beveled incision and tarsal advancement. BRAP: Trichiasis surgery using the BRAP procedure
Trabut 3 mm
The Trabut procedure is a partial-thickness incision through the tarsal conjunctiva and tarsus parallel to the eyelid margin and 3 mm above the lash line. Trabut: Trichiasis surgery using the Trabut procedure
Overall Study
STARTED
351 446
349 446
Overall Study
3-6 Month Visit
264 317
252 337
Overall Study
12 Month Visit
312 399
316 399
Overall Study
COMPLETED
335 425
328 420
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
16 21
21 26

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Repeat Surgery for Patients With Post-operative Trachomatous Trichiasis Trial

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
BRAP (Bevel/Rotate/Advance Procedure)
n=446 Eyes
The BRAP procedure involves a partial-thickness beveled incision, tarsal advancement and rotation BRAP (Bevel/rotate/advance procedure): Trichiasis surgery using the BRAP procedure
Trabut 3 mm
n=446 Eyes
The Trabut procedure is a partial-thickness incision through the tarsal conjunctiva and tarsus parallel to the eyelid margin and 3 mm above the lash line. Trabut: Trichiasis surgery using the Trabut procedure
Total
n=892 Eyes
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Customized
<40 years
92 Participants
n=5 Participants
75 Participants
n=7 Participants
167 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Customized
40-60 years
189 Participants
n=5 Participants
193 Participants
n=7 Participants
382 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Customized
>60 years
70 Participants
n=5 Participants
81 Participants
n=7 Participants
151 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
285 Participants
n=5 Participants
273 Participants
n=7 Participants
558 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
66 Participants
n=5 Participants
76 Participants
n=7 Participants
142 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
351 Participants
n=5 Participants
349 Participants
n=7 Participants
700 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
351 Participants
n=5 Participants
349 Participants
n=7 Participants
700 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Ethiopia
351 participants
n=5 Participants
349 participants
n=7 Participants
700 participants
n=5 Participants
Baseline Trachomatous Trichiasis (TT) Severity
Mild
74 Eyes
n=14 Eyes
74 Eyes
n=23 Eyes
148 Eyes
n=50 Eyes
Baseline Trachomatous Trichiasis (TT) Severity
Moderate
84 Eyes
n=14 Eyes
104 Eyes
n=23 Eyes
188 Eyes
n=50 Eyes
Baseline Trachomatous Trichiasis (TT) Severity
Severe
288 Eyes
n=14 Eyes
268 Eyes
n=23 Eyes
556 Eyes
n=50 Eyes

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 10-20 months

Population: Data reported for those participants who completed the Month 3-6 and/or Month 12 assessments. A participant could have one or two eyes eligible for the study based on the number of eyes with TT prior to surgery.

Presence of post-operative trichiasis defined as at least one trichiatic eyelashes or evidence of recent epilation. Trichiatic eyelashes are eyelashes touching the globe with the eye in the primary gaze. The outcome will be assessed at 3-6 months and at 12 months. If the eyelid has trichiasis at 2 weeks, but not at 3-6 months or 12 months, the eyelid will not be considered to have post-operative trichiasis. Due to COVID, the visit window for the Month 12 visits ranged from 10-20 months.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
BRAP (Bevel/Rotate/Advance Procedure)
n=425 Eyelids
The BRAP procedure is a partial-thickness beveled incision BRAP (Bevel/rotate/advance procedure): Trichiasis surgery using the BRAP procedure
Trabut 3 mm
n=420 Eyelids
The Trabut procedure is a partial-thickness incision through the tarsal conjunctiva and tarsus parallel to the eyelid margin and 3 mm above the lash line. Trabut: Trichiasis surgery using the Trabut procedure
Number of Eyelids With Post-operative Trichiasis Within 12 Months
94 Eyelids
120 Eyelids

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 3-6 months

Presence of post-operative trichiasis defined as at least one trichiatic eyelash or evidence of recent epilation. Trichiatic eyelashes are eyelashes touching the globe with the eye in primary gaze.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
BRAP (Bevel/Rotate/Advance Procedure)
n=317 Eyelids
The BRAP procedure is a partial-thickness beveled incision BRAP (Bevel/rotate/advance procedure): Trichiasis surgery using the BRAP procedure
Trabut 3 mm
n=337 Eyelids
The Trabut procedure is a partial-thickness incision through the tarsal conjunctiva and tarsus parallel to the eyelid margin and 3 mm above the lash line. Trabut: Trichiasis surgery using the Trabut procedure
Number of Eyelids With Presence of Post-operative Trichiasis Within 3-6 Months
33 Eyelids
49 Eyelids

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 3-6 months

Severity will be graded as mild, moderate, or severe based on the number of eyelashes touching the globe and the amount of eyelashes epilated. Trichiasis severity will be defined using the following categories: i. Mild: 1-4 eyelashes touching globe and no epilation OR \<1/3 eyelashes epilated and no eyelashes touching the globe ii. Moderate: 5-9 eyelashes touching globe and no epilation OR 1-4 eyelashes touching globe and \<1/3 eyelashes epilated iii. Severe: 5-9 eyelashes touching globe and \<1/3 eyelashes epilated OR 10+ eyelashes touching globe (regardless of epilation status) OR ≥1/3 eyelashes epilated (regardless of eyelashes touching globe) OR entire eyelid epilated

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
BRAP (Bevel/Rotate/Advance Procedure)
n=317 Eyelids
The BRAP procedure is a partial-thickness beveled incision BRAP (Bevel/rotate/advance procedure): Trichiasis surgery using the BRAP procedure
Trabut 3 mm
n=337 Eyelids
The Trabut procedure is a partial-thickness incision through the tarsal conjunctiva and tarsus parallel to the eyelid margin and 3 mm above the lash line. Trabut: Trichiasis surgery using the Trabut procedure
Number of Eyelids With Each of the Trichiasis Severity Levels at 3-6 Months
Mild
21 Eyelids
32 Eyelids
Number of Eyelids With Each of the Trichiasis Severity Levels at 3-6 Months
Moderate
7 Eyelids
11 Eyelids
Number of Eyelids With Each of the Trichiasis Severity Levels at 3-6 Months
Severe
5 Eyelids
6 Eyelids
Number of Eyelids With Each of the Trichiasis Severity Levels at 3-6 Months
None
284 Eyelids
288 Eyelids

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 10-20 months

Severity will be graded as mild, moderate, or severe based on the number of eyelashes touching the globe and the amount of eyelashes epilated. Trichiasis severity will be defined using the following categories: i. Mild: 1-4 eyelashes touching globe and no epilation OR \<1/3 eyelashes epilated and no eyelashes touching the globe ii. Moderate: 5-9 eyelashes touching globe and no epilation OR 1-4 eyelashes touching globe and \<1/3 eyelashes epilated iii. Severe: 5-9 eyelashes touching globe and \<1/3 eyelashes epilated OR 10+ eyelashes touching globe (regardless of epilation status) OR ≥1/3 eyelashes epilated (regardless of eyelashes touching globe) OR entire eyelid epilated. Due to COVID, the visit window for the Month 12 visits ranged from 10-20 months.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
BRAP (Bevel/Rotate/Advance Procedure)
n=399 Eyelids
The BRAP procedure is a partial-thickness beveled incision BRAP (Bevel/rotate/advance procedure): Trichiasis surgery using the BRAP procedure
Trabut 3 mm
n=399 Eyelids
The Trabut procedure is a partial-thickness incision through the tarsal conjunctiva and tarsus parallel to the eyelid margin and 3 mm above the lash line. Trabut: Trichiasis surgery using the Trabut procedure
Number of Eyelids With Each of the Trichiasis Severity Levels at 12 Months
None
310 Eyelids
281 Eyelids
Number of Eyelids With Each of the Trichiasis Severity Levels at 12 Months
Mild
47 Eyelids
76 Eyelids
Number of Eyelids With Each of the Trichiasis Severity Levels at 12 Months
Moderate
24 Eyelids
23 Eyelids
Number of Eyelids With Each of the Trichiasis Severity Levels at 12 Months
Severe
18 Eyelids
19 Eyelids

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 10-20 months

Population: Analysis limited to eyelids with PTT at 3-6 months that also had a 12-month visit.

The change in PTT severity between 3-6 months and 12 months will be measured in eyes with PTT at 3-6 months that also were examined at the 12-month visit. Change will be measured in the difference in the number of categories between 3-6 month and 1 year outcome. For example, Mild to Severe would be a 2 category change.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
BRAP (Bevel/Rotate/Advance Procedure)
n=24 Participants
The BRAP procedure is a partial-thickness beveled incision BRAP (Bevel/rotate/advance procedure): Trichiasis surgery using the BRAP procedure
Trabut 3 mm
n=40 Participants
The Trabut procedure is a partial-thickness incision through the tarsal conjunctiva and tarsus parallel to the eyelid margin and 3 mm above the lash line. Trabut: Trichiasis surgery using the Trabut procedure
Change in Severity of Post-operative Trichiasis Between 3-6 Months and 1 Year Using Grading System
No change
21 Eyelids
43 Eyelids
Change in Severity of Post-operative Trichiasis Between 3-6 Months and 1 Year Using Grading System
1 category worse
6 Eyelids
1 Eyelids
Change in Severity of Post-operative Trichiasis Between 3-6 Months and 1 Year Using Grading System
2 categories worse
1 Eyelids
3 Eyelids

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 3-6 months

The examiner will assess for eyelid contour abnormalities (ECA) and grade the abnormalities as mild, moderate, or severe. For the analysis, no abnormality and mild eyelid contour abnormality will be combined, and moderate and severe eyelid contour abnormality will be combined. For secondary analyses, the investigators will classify eyelid contour abnormalities using the photographs to capture the full range of ECA categories: none, mild, moderate, and severe. The definitions for the categories are: 1) Mild: Vertical deviation from the natural contour, 1 mm in height (less than half the pupil height in daylight) and affecting 1/3 of horizontal eyelid length. 2) Moderate: Vertical deviation from the natural contour 1-2 mm in height (about the pupil height in daylight) or affecting 1/3-2/3 of horizontal eyelid length 3) Severe: Vertical deviation from the natural contour 2 mm in height (more than the pupil height in daylight) or a defect \>2/3 of the horizontal eyelid len

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
BRAP (Bevel/Rotate/Advance Procedure)
n=317 Eyelids
The BRAP procedure is a partial-thickness beveled incision BRAP (Bevel/rotate/advance procedure): Trichiasis surgery using the BRAP procedure
Trabut 3 mm
n=337 Eyelids
The Trabut procedure is a partial-thickness incision through the tarsal conjunctiva and tarsus parallel to the eyelid margin and 3 mm above the lash line. Trabut: Trichiasis surgery using the Trabut procedure
Number of Eyelids With Moderate/Severe Eyelid Contour Abnormalities at 3-6 Months
None/Mild
225 Eyelids
236 Eyelids
Number of Eyelids With Moderate/Severe Eyelid Contour Abnormalities at 3-6 Months
Moderate/Severe
92 Eyelids
101 Eyelids

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 10-20 months

The examiner in the field will assess for eyelid contour abnormalities and grade the abnormalities as mild, moderate, or severe. For the analysis, no abnormality and mild eyelid contour abnormality will be combined, and moderate and severe eyelid contour abnormality will be combined. For secondary analyses, the investigators will classify eyelid contour abnormalities using the photographs to capture the full range of ECA categories: none, mild, moderate, and severe. The definitions for the categories are: 1) Mild: Vertical deviation from the natural contour, 1 mm in height (less than half the pupil height in daylight) and affecting 1/3 of horizontal eyelid length. 2) Moderate: Vertical deviation from the natural contour 1-2 mm in height (about the pupil height in daylight) or affecting 1/3-2/3 of horizontal eyelid length 3) Severe: Vertical deviation from the natural contour 2 mm in height (more than the pupil height in daylight) or a defect \>2/3 of the horizontal eyelid length

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
BRAP (Bevel/Rotate/Advance Procedure)
n=399 Eyelids
The BRAP procedure is a partial-thickness beveled incision BRAP (Bevel/rotate/advance procedure): Trichiasis surgery using the BRAP procedure
Trabut 3 mm
n=399 Eyelids
The Trabut procedure is a partial-thickness incision through the tarsal conjunctiva and tarsus parallel to the eyelid margin and 3 mm above the lash line. Trabut: Trichiasis surgery using the Trabut procedure
Number of Eyelids With Moderate/Severe Eyelid Contour Abnormalities at 12 Months
None/Mild
317 Eyelids
334 Eyelids
Number of Eyelids With Moderate/Severe Eyelid Contour Abnormalities at 12 Months
Moderate/Severe
82 Eyelids
65 Eyelids

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 10-20 months

Population: Data reported for those participants who completed the Month 3-6 and/or Month 12 assessments. A participant could have one or two eyes eligible for the study based on the number of eyes with TT prior to surgery.

Pyogenic granulomas occasionally develop after trichiasis surgery. It is thought that this is a response to a foreign material, such as a sutures or an incision edge. All granulomas will be noted regardless of size. The investigators will count granulomas observed at the 3-6 month visit (including participants where the granuloma was removed) and granulomas observed at the 12 month visit. Due to COVID, the visit window for the Month 12 visits ranged from 10-20 months.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
BRAP (Bevel/Rotate/Advance Procedure)
n=425 eyelids
The BRAP procedure is a partial-thickness beveled incision BRAP (Bevel/rotate/advance procedure): Trichiasis surgery using the BRAP procedure
Trabut 3 mm
n=420 eyelids
The Trabut procedure is a partial-thickness incision through the tarsal conjunctiva and tarsus parallel to the eyelid margin and 3 mm above the lash line. Trabut: Trichiasis surgery using the Trabut procedure
Cumulative Number of Eyelids With Presence of Pyogenic Granulomas Within 10-20 Months
3 eyelids
10 eyelids

Adverse Events

BRAP (Bevel/Rotate/Advance Procedure)

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 7 deaths

Trabut 3 mm

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 6 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Emily Gower, PhD

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Phone: 919-966-1420

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place