Trial Outcomes & Findings for Therapeutic Effects of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy on Young Children With Cerebral Palsy (NCT NCT03858335)

NCT ID: NCT03858335

Last Updated: 2020-07-28

Results Overview

The PMAL was derived from the Motor Activity Log, which is used as an assessment tool in adults who participated CIMT, to measure changes in upper extremity use in real life. This parental assessment tool rates the use of the children's affected upper extremities in daily activities. Twenty-two arm-hand functional tasks that are typical for children aged 7 months to 8 years (e.g., taking off socks or shoes, holding a cup) were assessed and collected as a systemic data. The test has two components: (1) how often (PMAL HO) and (2) how well (PMAL HW). Parents rate PMAL HO on a 6-point scale from 0 (not at all) to 5 (all the time) and PMAL HW from 0 (does not use) to 5 (same as the unaffected arm). This tool has a high test-retest reliability (r=0.94; P\<0.01) and a high internal consistency (Cronbach's α=0.88 to 0.95).

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

32 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

baseline and 4 weeks

Results posted on

2020-07-28

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Constraint-induced Movement Therapy
Children in constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) group will wear forearm splint on the unaffected arm 24 hours for 3 weeks, and receive 15 mCIMT sessions(30-hour dosage) Constraint-induced movement therapy: The constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) program requires children to wear forearm splint on the unaffected arm 24 hours for 3 weeks. The program consists of 5 sessions per week for 3 weeks.
Control
Children in control group will receive only traditional rehab therapies without wearing splint
Overall Study
STARTED
16
16
Overall Study
COMPLETED
12
12
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
4
4

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Therapeutic Effects of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy on Young Children With Cerebral Palsy

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Constraint-induced Movement Therapy
n=12 Participants
Children in constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) group will wear forearm splint on the unaffected arm 24 hours for 3 weeks, and receive 15 mCIMT sessions(30-hour dosage) Constraint-induced movement therapy: The constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) program requires children to wear forearm splint on the unaffected arm 24 hours for 3 weeks. The program consists of 5 sessions per week for 3 weeks.
Control
n=12 Participants
Children in control group will receive only traditional rehab therapies without wearing splint
Total
n=24 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
12 Participants
n=5 Participants
12 Participants
n=7 Participants
24 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Continuous
15.9 months
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.4 • n=5 Participants
17.3 months
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.2 • n=7 Participants
16.6 months
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.2 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
7 Participants
n=5 Participants
7 Participants
n=7 Participants
14 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
5 Participants
n=5 Participants
5 Participants
n=7 Participants
10 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
12 Participants
n=5 Participants
12 Participants
n=7 Participants
24 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
South Korea
12 participants
n=5 Participants
12 participants
n=7 Participants
24 participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline and 4 weeks

The PMAL was derived from the Motor Activity Log, which is used as an assessment tool in adults who participated CIMT, to measure changes in upper extremity use in real life. This parental assessment tool rates the use of the children's affected upper extremities in daily activities. Twenty-two arm-hand functional tasks that are typical for children aged 7 months to 8 years (e.g., taking off socks or shoes, holding a cup) were assessed and collected as a systemic data. The test has two components: (1) how often (PMAL HO) and (2) how well (PMAL HW). Parents rate PMAL HO on a 6-point scale from 0 (not at all) to 5 (all the time) and PMAL HW from 0 (does not use) to 5 (same as the unaffected arm). This tool has a high test-retest reliability (r=0.94; P\<0.01) and a high internal consistency (Cronbach's α=0.88 to 0.95).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Constraint-induced Movement Therapy
n=12 Participants
Children in constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) group will wear forearm splint on the unaffected arm 24 hours for 3 weeks, and receive 15 mCIMT sessions(30-hour dosage) Constraint-induced movement therapy: The constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) program requires children to wear forearm splint on the unaffected arm 24 hours for 3 weeks. The program consists of 5 sessions per week for 3 weeks.
Control
n=12 Participants
Children in control group will receive only traditional rehab therapies without wearing splint
Change From Baseline Pediatric Motor Activity Log (PMAL) Score at Post Test
how well
0.83 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.58
0.00 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.57
Change From Baseline Pediatric Motor Activity Log (PMAL) Score at Post Test
how often
0.50 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.35
-0.05 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.56

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline and 4 weeks

Population: Only children who agreed to participate in the accelerometer study(n=8) wore accelerometers.

To evaluate the upper limb use in the real-world, participants wore two accelerometers (one on each wrist). Three variables were measured using accelerometers: vector magnitude average counts (VMA), percent of time in moderate to vigorous physical activity (% MVPA), and use ratio (UR). VMA refers to the magnitude of the resulting vector that forms when combining the sampled acceleration from all three axes.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Constraint-induced Movement Therapy
n=4 Participants
Children in constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) group will wear forearm splint on the unaffected arm 24 hours for 3 weeks, and receive 15 mCIMT sessions(30-hour dosage) Constraint-induced movement therapy: The constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) program requires children to wear forearm splint on the unaffected arm 24 hours for 3 weeks. The program consists of 5 sessions per week for 3 weeks.
Control
n=4 Participants
Children in control group will receive only traditional rehab therapies without wearing splint
Change From Baseline Accelerometers_Vector Magnitude Average Counts(VMA) at Post Test
44.73 counts per minute
Standard Deviation 12.8
8.78 counts per minute
Standard Deviation 14.94

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline and 4 weeks

The Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) is a reliable and valid parent-report assessment that evaluates the performance, changes, and capabilities of functional activities in children with disabilities aged between 6 months and 7.5 years. Within the three domains of (1) self-care, (2) mobility, and (3) social function, it measures three scales: (1) functional skills; (2) caregiver assistance; and (3) modifications. In this study, only the functional skills scale was used because it directly evaluates the current capabilities of selected tasks. Therefore, the PEDI scores in this study reflect the functional skill of the children on a scale between 0 and 100: 0 indicates no ability, and 100 indicates full capability to perform the selected items.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Constraint-induced Movement Therapy
n=12 Participants
Children in constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) group will wear forearm splint on the unaffected arm 24 hours for 3 weeks, and receive 15 mCIMT sessions(30-hour dosage) Constraint-induced movement therapy: The constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) program requires children to wear forearm splint on the unaffected arm 24 hours for 3 weeks. The program consists of 5 sessions per week for 3 weeks.
Control
n=12 Participants
Children in control group will receive only traditional rehab therapies without wearing splint
Change From Baseline Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) at Post Test
self-care
2.25 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.30
1.25 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.48
Change From Baseline Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) at Post Test
mobility
2.83 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.64
2.83 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.67
Change From Baseline Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) at Post Test
social function
2.83 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.27
0.75 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.75

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline and 4 weeks

The PDMS-2 is a standardized, norm-referenced test, which includes gross motor and fine motor domains. All items of the PDMS-2 are scored on a 3-point scale (0 to 2): 0 is assigned when the child cannot perform the item or when the attempts do not meet the criteria of the item; 1 is assigned when the attempts do not meet for successful performance, but the behavior is emerging; and 2 indicates that the behavior is emerging, and the criterion for successful performance is fully met. The standard score and developmental age equivalent are obtained by converting the raw score of each subtest according to the criteria of the PDMS-2 manual; the standard score was used for this study. The interrater reliability and internal consistency of the fine motor domain were reported as 0.98 and 0.96, respectively. The predictive validity was reported as 0.91.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Constraint-induced Movement Therapy
n=12 Participants
Children in constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) group will wear forearm splint on the unaffected arm 24 hours for 3 weeks, and receive 15 mCIMT sessions(30-hour dosage) Constraint-induced movement therapy: The constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) program requires children to wear forearm splint on the unaffected arm 24 hours for 3 weeks. The program consists of 5 sessions per week for 3 weeks.
Control
n=12 Participants
Children in control group will receive only traditional rehab therapies without wearing splint
Change From Baseline Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-2 (PDMS-2) at Post Test
grasping
0.83 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.80
-0.83 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.89
Change From Baseline Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-2 (PDMS-2) at Post Test
visual motor integration
0.92 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.24
-0.67 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.61

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline and 4 weeks

GMFM-88 is a measure developed to evaluate the gross motor function changes in CP children. It has five components: lying and rolling, sitting, kneeling and crawling, standing, and walking. The score of each dimension is expressed as a percentage of the maximum score. The GMFM-66, which includes 66 items of the original 88 items. Item scoring is the same for the GMFM-88 and the GMFM-66. There is a scoring system with each item scored as 0, 1, 2, 3, or "not tested". A scoring key of 0 - does not initiate, 1 - initiates, 2 - partially completes, and 3 - completed, is used. Scoring the GMFM-66 requires the use of a computer program called the Gross Motor Ability Estimator (GMAE). Individual item scores are entered and a mathematical algorithm calculates an interval level total score. The total score is an estimate of the child's gross motor function. The range of total score is from 0 to 100. The higher values represent a better outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Constraint-induced Movement Therapy
n=12 Participants
Children in constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) group will wear forearm splint on the unaffected arm 24 hours for 3 weeks, and receive 15 mCIMT sessions(30-hour dosage) Constraint-induced movement therapy: The constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) program requires children to wear forearm splint on the unaffected arm 24 hours for 3 weeks. The program consists of 5 sessions per week for 3 weeks.
Control
n=12 Participants
Children in control group will receive only traditional rehab therapies without wearing splint
Change From Baseline Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) at Post Test
3.33 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.55
4.37 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.37

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline and 4 weeks

Population: Only children who agreed to participate in the accelerometer study(n=8) wore accelerometers.

MVPA is a category of activity intensity, which is measured with metabolic equivalents (METs). Moderate-intensity physical activity is defined as 3-6 METs, and vigorous-intensity physical activity is defined as any activity above 6 METs. This means that MVPA is any activity over 3 METs.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Constraint-induced Movement Therapy
n=4 Participants
Children in constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) group will wear forearm splint on the unaffected arm 24 hours for 3 weeks, and receive 15 mCIMT sessions(30-hour dosage) Constraint-induced movement therapy: The constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) program requires children to wear forearm splint on the unaffected arm 24 hours for 3 weeks. The program consists of 5 sessions per week for 3 weeks.
Control
n=4 Participants
Children in control group will receive only traditional rehab therapies without wearing splint
Change From Baseline Accelerometers_% Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity(MVPA) at Post Test
-2.67 percentage of moderate to vigorous PA
Standard Deviation 0.91
0.51 percentage of moderate to vigorous PA
Standard Deviation 1.31

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline and 4 weeks

Population: Only children who agreed to participate in the accelerometer study(n=8) wore accelerometers.

Use Ratio was calculated by dividing the hours of use of the affected limb by the hours of use of the non-affected limb (affected use/unaffected use).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Constraint-induced Movement Therapy
n=4 Participants
Children in constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) group will wear forearm splint on the unaffected arm 24 hours for 3 weeks, and receive 15 mCIMT sessions(30-hour dosage) Constraint-induced movement therapy: The constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) program requires children to wear forearm splint on the unaffected arm 24 hours for 3 weeks. The program consists of 5 sessions per week for 3 weeks.
Control
n=4 Participants
Children in control group will receive only traditional rehab therapies without wearing splint
Change From Baseline Accelerometers_Use Ratio at Post Test
0.01 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.01
-0.02 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.07

Adverse Events

Constraint-induced Movement Therapy

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Control

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Jeong-Yi Kwon

Samsung Medical Center

Phone: +821045911039

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place