Trial Outcomes & Findings for Changing Talk Online (CHATO) Study (NCT NCT03849937)
NCT ID: NCT03849937
Last Updated: 2021-09-27
Results Overview
CHATO Knowledge Test was given to participants pre training and post training. Scoring: 13 items scored incorrect (0) or correct (1). Test score was calculated as the percentage of correct answers (0-100%). The mean percentage was used for each group in the the analysis. Two forms (Forms A and B) measures knowledge gained from training.
COMPLETED
NA
219 participants
Baseline, 1 month, 3 months
2021-09-27
Participant Flow
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Intervention
Staff participants at three nursing homes will receive the training and three control nursing homes will complete assessments, but not receive the training.
Changing Talk Online (CHATO): Three, one-hour online training modules highlighting barriers and ineffective communication behaviors with older adults while teaching and modeling alternative, effective communication strategies.
|
Waitlist Control
After the intervention group takes the training, the waitlist control group of staff participants will crossover and take the training.
Changing Talk Online (CHATO): Three, one-hour online training modules highlighting barriers and ineffective communication behaviors with older adults while teaching and modeling alternative, effective communication strategies.
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|---|---|---|
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Overall Study
STARTED
|
147
|
72
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
94
|
35
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
53
|
37
|
Reasons for withdrawal
Withdrawal data not reported
Baseline Characteristics
One missing
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
All Direct Care Staff
n=219 Participants
All staff were encouraged to take the training with a goal of changing the communication culture in each NH. Results are reported for direct care staff, defined as individuals who have daily communication with residents.
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|---|---|
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Age, Categorical
<=18 years
|
0 Participants
n=219 Participants
|
|
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
|
219 Participants
n=219 Participants
|
|
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
|
0 Participants
n=219 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Female
|
203 Participants
n=218 Participants • One missing
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Male
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15 Participants
n=218 Participants • One missing
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
|
0 Participants
n=219 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
|
153 Participants
n=219 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
66 Participants
n=219 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
|
4 Participants
n=219 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
|
0 Participants
n=219 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
|
0 Participants
n=219 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
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3 Participants
n=219 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
|
175 Participants
n=219 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
|
0 Participants
n=219 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
37 Participants
n=219 Participants
|
|
Region of Enrollment
United States
|
219 participants
n=219 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline, 1 month, 3 monthsCHATO Knowledge Test was given to participants pre training and post training. Scoring: 13 items scored incorrect (0) or correct (1). Test score was calculated as the percentage of correct answers (0-100%). The mean percentage was used for each group in the the analysis. Two forms (Forms A and B) measures knowledge gained from training.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=94 Participants
Three nursing homes will receive the training and three control nursing homes will complete assessments, but not receive the training.
|
Waitlist Control
n=35 Participants
After the intervention group takes the training, the waitlist control group will crossover and take the training.
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|---|---|---|
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Knowledge Gain Scores for CHATO Training Participants
Baseline
|
63.0 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 17.6
|
58.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 20.5
|
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Knowledge Gain Scores for CHATO Training Participants
1 month
|
83.8 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 13.4
|
63.0 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 17.6
|
|
Knowledge Gain Scores for CHATO Training Participants
3 months
|
NA score on a scale
Standard Deviation NA
The intervention group completed the training between baseline and 1 month. There is a 3 week washout between baseline and 1 month scores for the waitlist control. The waitlist control crosses over to take the training between 1 month and 3 months. The intervention Group was not evaluated at the three month time point.
|
86.8 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 13.8
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline (pre-training), 1 month (post-training)Participant watches a video and answers questions testing their ability to visually and audibly identify effective vs ineffective communication strategies and recognize elderspeak vs. person-centered care. Effective rating: mean score for one item scored 1 = Ineffective to 5 = Effective; lower score indicates improvement. Appropriate rating: mean score for one item scored 1 = Inappropriate to 5 = Appropriate; lower score indicates improvement. Recognizes elderspeak subscale: mean score for 6-items scored yes (1) or no (0); higher score indicates improvement. Recognizes person-centered communication subscale: mean score for 3-items scored yes (1) or no (0); lower score indicates improvement.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=102 Participants
Three nursing homes will receive the training and three control nursing homes will complete assessments, but not receive the training.
|
Waitlist Control
n=102 Participants
After the intervention group takes the training, the waitlist control group will crossover and take the training.
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|---|---|---|
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Communication Rating Scores for CHATO Training Participants
Effective Communication
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2.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.2
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2.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.1
|
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Communication Rating Scores for CHATO Training Participants
Appropriate Communication
|
3.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.2
|
2.2 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.1
|
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Communication Rating Scores for CHATO Training Participants
Recognizes Elderspeak
|
0.6 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.2
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0.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.3
|
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Communication Rating Scores for CHATO Training Participants
Recognizes person-centered communication
|
0.5 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.4
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0.3 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.4
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PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline, 1 monthPopulation: Unable to collect information due to lack of available data. Nursing homes in pilot were not in the same chain and data could not be collected at the organizational level.
NH Level Deidentified Resident data from nursing homes
Outcome measures
Outcome data not reported
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline, 1 monthPopulation: Unable to collect information due to lack of available data. Nursing homes in pilot were not in the same chain and data could not be collected at the organizational level.
NH Level Deidentified Resident data from nursing homes
Outcome measures
Outcome data not reported
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 month (post training)Population: Eight nursing homes were surveyed. Twenty possible implementation strategies were suggested in the toolkit. The number represents the total strategies used to implement the training in each nursing home.
The implementation strategies survey is a 35-question descriptive survey developed by the investigators with Advisory Board input, to identify the strategies and approach types used by the NH to implement the training. Eight nursing homes were surveyed. Twenty possible implementation strategies were suggested in the toolkit. The number represents the total strategies used to implement the training in each nursing home.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=8 Nursing Homes
Three nursing homes will receive the training and three control nursing homes will complete assessments, but not receive the training.
|
Waitlist Control
After the intervention group takes the training, the waitlist control group will crossover and take the training.
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|---|---|---|
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Number of Implementation Strategies Used in Each Nursing Home (Nursing Home Level Data)
Feasibility Nursing Home
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7 Implementation Strategies
|
—
|
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Number of Implementation Strategies Used in Each Nursing Home (Nursing Home Level Data)
Nursing Home 1
|
7 Implementation Strategies
|
—
|
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Number of Implementation Strategies Used in Each Nursing Home (Nursing Home Level Data)
Nursing Home 2
|
11 Implementation Strategies
|
—
|
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Number of Implementation Strategies Used in Each Nursing Home (Nursing Home Level Data)
Nursing Home 3
|
3 Implementation Strategies
|
—
|
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Number of Implementation Strategies Used in Each Nursing Home (Nursing Home Level Data)
Nursing Home 4
|
11 Implementation Strategies
|
—
|
|
Number of Implementation Strategies Used in Each Nursing Home (Nursing Home Level Data)
Nursing Home 5
|
7 Implementation Strategies
|
—
|
|
Number of Implementation Strategies Used in Each Nursing Home (Nursing Home Level Data)
Nursing Home 6
|
9 Implementation Strategies
|
—
|
|
Number of Implementation Strategies Used in Each Nursing Home (Nursing Home Level Data)
Nursing Home 7
|
8 Implementation Strategies
|
—
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SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 month (post training)The Artifacts of Culture Change Tool measures NH care environment and practices, leadership and workplace practices, staffing outcomes, and occupancy. Total Artifacts of Culture Change score by nursing home. Scores indicate what percentage of the nursing home environment is person-centered. Range is 0-100%. The average for nursing homes nationwide is 59%
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=8 Nursing Homes
Three nursing homes will receive the training and three control nursing homes will complete assessments, but not receive the training.
|
Waitlist Control
After the intervention group takes the training, the waitlist control group will crossover and take the training.
|
|---|---|---|
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Artifacts of Culture Change Scores Per Nursing Home to Assess Nursing Home Practices, Environment, and Staffing (Nursing Home Level Training)
Feasibility Nursing Home
|
45.3 score on a scale
|
—
|
|
Artifacts of Culture Change Scores Per Nursing Home to Assess Nursing Home Practices, Environment, and Staffing (Nursing Home Level Training)
Nursing Home 1
|
64.7 score on a scale
|
—
|
|
Artifacts of Culture Change Scores Per Nursing Home to Assess Nursing Home Practices, Environment, and Staffing (Nursing Home Level Training)
Nursing Home 2
|
66.9 score on a scale
|
—
|
|
Artifacts of Culture Change Scores Per Nursing Home to Assess Nursing Home Practices, Environment, and Staffing (Nursing Home Level Training)
Nursing Home 3
|
70.2 score on a scale
|
—
|
|
Artifacts of Culture Change Scores Per Nursing Home to Assess Nursing Home Practices, Environment, and Staffing (Nursing Home Level Training)
Nursing Home 4
|
80.5 score on a scale
|
—
|
|
Artifacts of Culture Change Scores Per Nursing Home to Assess Nursing Home Practices, Environment, and Staffing (Nursing Home Level Training)
Nursing Home 5
|
36.0 score on a scale
|
—
|
|
Artifacts of Culture Change Scores Per Nursing Home to Assess Nursing Home Practices, Environment, and Staffing (Nursing Home Level Training)
Nursing Home 6
|
35.2 score on a scale
|
—
|
|
Artifacts of Culture Change Scores Per Nursing Home to Assess Nursing Home Practices, Environment, and Staffing (Nursing Home Level Training)
Nursing Home 7
|
49.1 score on a scale
|
—
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 month (post training)Population: We were unable to conduct interviews with the nursing homes due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Leadership Phone Interviews measures qualitative data regarding implementation strategies, lessons learned, and overall evaluation of the CHATO pilot from the NH leadership perspective.
Outcome measures
Outcome data not reported
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 month (post training)Population: We were unable to collect BPSD data from nursing homes.
Staff Wage Data measures wages per hour by NH role and will be used in a simple cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA).
Outcome measures
Outcome data not reported
Adverse Events
All Direct Care Staff
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Kristine Williams, RN, PhD, FNP-BC, FGSA, FAAN, E. Jean Hill Professor
University of Kansas School of Nursing
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place