Trial Outcomes & Findings for Usability of Diabetes Dashboard Embedded Within a Patient Web Portal (NCT NCT03786718)
NCT ID: NCT03786718
Last Updated: 2023-05-06
Results Overview
The System Usability Scale (SUS) will be administered to all study participants at one month follow-up (T1). The SUS is a validated measure of usability. The ten items are scored on a five-point Likert scale. The item scores are summed and then converted to a score ranging from 0 (worst) to 100 (best). A score of above 68 indicative of "above average" usability.
COMPLETED
NA
69 participants
one month follow-up (T1)
2023-05-06
Participant Flow
Of the 69 enrolled participants, 67 completed the baseline questionnaire and were with given access to the intervention. Two participants never completed the baseline questionnaire despite reminders and therefore did not receive access to the intervention and were withdrawn.
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Intervention
Patients have access to a patient web portal with the Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard activated.
Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard: The Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard (also known as My Diabetes Care) is embedded within a patient web portal and includes graphics to visualize and summarize patients' health data, incorporates motivational strategies (e.g., social comparisons), provides literacy level appropriate educational resources, and contains secure-messaging capability.
|
|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
67
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
60
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
7
|
Reasons for withdrawal
| Measure |
Intervention
Patients have access to a patient web portal with the Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard activated.
Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard: The Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard (also known as My Diabetes Care) is embedded within a patient web portal and includes graphics to visualize and summarize patients' health data, incorporates motivational strategies (e.g., social comparisons), provides literacy level appropriate educational resources, and contains secure-messaging capability.
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|---|---|
|
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
|
3
|
|
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
|
1
|
|
Overall Study
Did not use the intervention
|
2
|
|
Overall Study
diagnosis changed from type 2 to type 1
|
1
|
Baseline Characteristics
One participant did not complete the eHEALS scale
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Intervention
n=60 Participants
Patients have access to a patient web portal with the Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard activated.
Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard: The Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard (also known as My Diabetes Care) is embedded within a patient web portal and includes graphics to visualize and summarize patients' health data, incorporates motivational strategies (e.g., social comparisons), provides literacy level appropriate educational resources, and contains secure-messaging capability.
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|---|---|
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Age, Categorical
<=18 years
|
0 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
|
40 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
|
20 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Age, Continuous
|
57.5 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.0 • n=60 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Female
|
33 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Male
|
27 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
|
2 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
|
58 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
0 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
|
0 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
|
1 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
|
0 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
|
13 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
|
41 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
|
3 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
2 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Region of Enrollment
United States
|
60 participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Education
High school/GED
|
5 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Education
Some college/technical school
|
24 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Education
College degree
|
19 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Education
Graduate or professional degree
|
12 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Health Literacy
Adequate
|
31 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Health Literacy
Limited
|
29 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
eHealth Literacy
|
31.5 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.2 • n=59 Participants • One participant did not complete the eHEALS scale
|
|
Patient Portal Usage
Weekly
|
26 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Patient Portal Usage
Monthly
|
29 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Patient Portal Usage
Other
|
5 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Computer and Smartphone Usage
Desktop
|
50 participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Computer and Smartphone Usage
Tablet
|
40 participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Computer and Smartphone Usage
Smartphone
|
52 participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Hemoglobin A1c
|
7.5 %
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.6 • n=58 Participants • Two participants were missing hemoglobin A1C data.
|
|
Insulin Use
Yes
|
24 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Insulin Use
No
|
36 Participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Time with diagnosis of diabetes
|
13.1 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.0 • n=60 Participants
|
|
Comorbidities
Hyperlipidemia
|
47 participants
n=60 Participants
|
|
Comorbidities
Hypertension
|
51 participants
n=60 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: one month follow-up (T1)Population: All 60 participants that completed the study (i.e., used the intervention and complete pre- and post-questionnaires.
The System Usability Scale (SUS) will be administered to all study participants at one month follow-up (T1). The SUS is a validated measure of usability. The ten items are scored on a five-point Likert scale. The item scores are summed and then converted to a score ranging from 0 (worst) to 100 (best). A score of above 68 indicative of "above average" usability.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=60 Participants
Patients have access to a patient web portal with the Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard activated.
Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard: The Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard (also known as My Diabetes Care) is embedded within a patient web portal and includes graphics to visualize and summarize patients' health data, incorporates motivational strategies (e.g., social comparisons), provides literacy level appropriate educational resources, and contains secure-messaging capability.
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|---|---|
|
Usability
|
78.8 score on a scale
Interval 72.5 to 87.5
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: one month follow-up (T1)User experience will be assessed by study-specific survey items administered to all study participants at the end of the study period (T1). The survey items will inquire about participants' perspectives on particular features of the Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard. Participants were asked to indicate which features, if any: (1) they found useful for managing their diabetes and which features, (2) improved their understanding of their diabetes health data, and (3) should be removed. In addition, participants indicated whether they intended to use the dashboard going forward if it remained available.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=60 Participants
Patients have access to a patient web portal with the Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard activated.
Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard: The Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard (also known as My Diabetes Care) is embedded within a patient web portal and includes graphics to visualize and summarize patients' health data, incorporates motivational strategies (e.g., social comparisons), provides literacy level appropriate educational resources, and contains secure-messaging capability.
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|---|---|
|
User Experience - Quantitative
Hover Over Info Icons - useful
|
26 participants
|
|
User Experience - Quantitative
Goal, Caution, and Warning Ranges - useful
|
46 participants
|
|
User Experience - Quantitative
Patients Like Me Data - useful
|
40 participants
|
|
User Experience - Quantitative
Literacy Sensitive Education Links - useful
|
40 participants
|
|
User Experience - Quantitative
Diabetes Online Community - useful
|
22 participants
|
|
User Experience - Quantitative
Star Status Indicator - understanding
|
18 participants
|
|
User Experience - Quantitative
Hover Over Info Icons - understanding
|
31 participants
|
|
User Experience - Quantitative
Goal, Caution, and Warning Ranges - understanding
|
39 participants
|
|
User Experience - Quantitative
Literacy Sensitive Education Links - understanding
|
39 participants
|
|
User Experience - Quantitative
Star Status Indicator - removed
|
4 participants
|
|
User Experience - Quantitative
Hover Over Info Icons - removed
|
0 participants
|
|
User Experience - Quantitative
Goal, Caution, and Warning Ranges - removed
|
2 participants
|
|
User Experience - Quantitative
Patients Like Me Data - removed
|
4 participants
|
|
User Experience - Quantitative
Star Status Indicator - useful
|
19 participants
|
|
User Experience - Quantitative
Diabetes Online Community - understanding
|
15 participants
|
|
User Experience - Quantitative
Literacy Sensitive Education Links - removed
|
0 participants
|
|
User Experience - Quantitative
Diabetes Online Community - removed
|
1 participants
|
|
User Experience - Quantitative
Intend to use going forward
|
60 participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: one month follow-up (T1)Population: participants that participated in a semi-structured interview
At the end of the study period (T1), a subset of study participants will be invited to complete a semi-structured interview to provide a deeper understanding of their experience using the dashboard.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=14 Participants
Patients have access to a patient web portal with the Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard activated.
Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard: The Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard (also known as My Diabetes Care) is embedded within a patient web portal and includes graphics to visualize and summarize patients' health data, incorporates motivational strategies (e.g., social comparisons), provides literacy level appropriate educational resources, and contains secure-messaging capability.
|
|---|---|
|
User Experience - Qualitative
|
5 areas for improvement identified
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: one month follow-up (T1)This is a composite outcome measure of participants' self-reported total number of diabetes dashboard visits, total duration of dashboard use, use of embedded educational links, utilization of embedded functionality to secure message healthcare team member(s), and use of an embedded link to American Diabetes Association Online Community and will be queried at the end of the study period (T1).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=60 Participants
Patients have access to a patient web portal with the Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard activated.
Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard: The Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard (also known as My Diabetes Care) is embedded within a patient web portal and includes graphics to visualize and summarize patients' health data, incorporates motivational strategies (e.g., social comparisons), provides literacy level appropriate educational resources, and contains secure-messaging capability.
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|---|---|
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System Usage Data
Total minutes spent: 5-9 minutes
|
7 Participants
|
|
System Usage Data
Total minutes spent: 10-14 minutes
|
19 Participants
|
|
System Usage Data
Total number of visits: 1-2
|
12 Participants
|
|
System Usage Data
Total number of visits: 3-4
|
27 Participants
|
|
System Usage Data
Total number of visits: 5-6
|
12 Participants
|
|
System Usage Data
Total number of visits: 7+
|
9 Participants
|
|
System Usage Data
Total minutes spent: <5 minutes
|
4 Participants
|
|
System Usage Data
Total minutes spent: 15+ minutes
|
30 Participants
|
|
System Usage Data
Used literacy sensitive education links
|
51 Participants
|
|
System Usage Data
Used secure messaging
|
10 Participants
|
|
System Usage Data
Used diabetes online community
|
16 Participants
|
|
System Usage Data
Used info icon with explanation of health measure
|
49 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: enrollment (T0) and one month follow-up (T1)Population: Missing data for one participant
The Short Diabetes Knowledge Instrument (SDKI) was used to measure diabetes knowledge including diabetes diet, symptoms of hypoglycemia, foot care and importance of physical activity. The SDKI is a 13-item scale with scores ranging from 0 to 13 representing number of items answered correctly. The Short Diabetes Knowledge Instrument (SDKI) will be administered to all study patients at enrollment (T0) and one month follow-up (T1).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=59 Participants
Patients have access to a patient web portal with the Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard activated.
Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard: The Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard (also known as My Diabetes Care) is embedded within a patient web portal and includes graphics to visualize and summarize patients' health data, incorporates motivational strategies (e.g., social comparisons), provides literacy level appropriate educational resources, and contains secure-messaging capability.
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|---|---|
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Change in Diabetes Knowledge
enrollment (T0)
|
11.0 score on a scale
Interval 10.0 to 12.0
|
|
Change in Diabetes Knowledge
one month follow-up (T1)
|
11.0 score on a scale
Interval 10.0 to 12.0
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: enrollment (T0) and one month follow-up (T1)Population: The overall number of participants analyzed for two blood-glucose testing items was 50, because 10 participants that do not test their blood sugar were excluded from those two items. Overall number of participants analyzed was 60 for the the other five aspects/sub-scales.
Diabetes self-care will be measured using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA), an 11-item questionnaire of diabetes self-management that assess the following six aspects of the diabetes regimen: general diet (2 items), specific diet (2 items), exercise (2 items), blood-glucose testing (2 items), foot care (2 items), and smoking (1 items). Item responses use the metric "days per week" except for a single item about smoking status which is yes or no. Each of the five aspects (excluding smoking) is assigned a mean score based on number of days per week. The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) will be administered to all study patients at enrollment (T0) and one month follow-up (T1).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=60 Participants
Patients have access to a patient web portal with the Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard activated.
Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard: The Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard (also known as My Diabetes Care) is embedded within a patient web portal and includes graphics to visualize and summarize patients' health data, incorporates motivational strategies (e.g., social comparisons), provides literacy level appropriate educational resources, and contains secure-messaging capability.
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|---|---|
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Change in Diabetes Self-Care
general diet at enrollment (T0)
|
4.0 days per week
Interval 2.8 to 5.0
|
|
Change in Diabetes Self-Care
general diet at one month follow-up (T1)
|
4.0 days per week
Interval 3.5 to 5.0
|
|
Change in Diabetes Self-Care
specific diet at enrollment (T0)
|
3.5 days per week
Interval 2.0 to 5.0
|
|
Change in Diabetes Self-Care
specific diet at one month follow-up (T1)
|
4.0 days per week
Interval 2.5 to 5.0
|
|
Change in Diabetes Self-Care
exercise at enrollment (T0)
|
2.5 days per week
Interval 0.5 to 3.8
|
|
Change in Diabetes Self-Care
exercise at one month follow-up (T1)
|
2.3 days per week
Interval 1.3 to 4.0
|
|
Change in Diabetes Self-Care
blood-glucose testing at enrollment (T0)
|
5.3 days per week
Interval 3.0 to 7.0
|
|
Change in Diabetes Self-Care
blood-glucose testing at one month follow-up (T1)
|
6.0 days per week
Interval 3.0 to 7.0
|
|
Change in Diabetes Self-Care
foot care at enrollment (T0)
|
3.5 days per week
Interval 1.0 to 4.8
|
|
Change in Diabetes Self-Care
foot care at one month follow-up (T1)
|
3.0 days per week
Interval 1.0 to 5.0
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: enrollment (T0) and one month follow-up (T1)Population: One participant had missing data.
The Perceived Diabetes Self-Management Scale (PDSMS) is a valid measure of diabetes self-efficacy. The PDSMS will be administered to all study participants at enrollment (T0) and one month follow-up (T1). Eight items are scored on a five-point Likert scale. The total PDSMS score can range from 8 to 40, with higher scores indicating more confidence in self-managing one's diabetes.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=59 Participants
Patients have access to a patient web portal with the Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard activated.
Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard: The Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard (also known as My Diabetes Care) is embedded within a patient web portal and includes graphics to visualize and summarize patients' health data, incorporates motivational strategies (e.g., social comparisons), provides literacy level appropriate educational resources, and contains secure-messaging capability.
|
|---|---|
|
Change in Diabetes Self-Efficacy
enrollment (T0)
|
26.0 score on a scale
Interval 23.0 to 30.0
|
|
Change in Diabetes Self-Efficacy
one month follow-up (T1)
|
29.0 score on a scale
Interval 25.0 to 32.0
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: enrollment (T0) and one month follow-up (T1)Population: Missing data for one participant.
The Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale (PAID-5) is a valid measure of diabetes distress. The PAID-5 will be administered to all study participants at enrollment (T0) and one month follow-up (T1). Total scores on the PAID-5 can range from 0 to 20, with higher scores suggesting greater diabetes-related emotional distress.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=59 Participants
Patients have access to a patient web portal with the Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard activated.
Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard: The Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard (also known as My Diabetes Care) is embedded within a patient web portal and includes graphics to visualize and summarize patients' health data, incorporates motivational strategies (e.g., social comparisons), provides literacy level appropriate educational resources, and contains secure-messaging capability.
|
|---|---|
|
Change in Diabetes Distress
enrollment (T0)
|
5.0 score on a scale
Interval 2.0 to 9.0
|
|
Change in Diabetes Distress
one month follow-up (T1)
|
5.0 score on a scale
Interval 2.0 to 9.0
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: enrollment (T0) and one month follow-up (T1)Population: As noted in the outcome measure data table below, the number analyzed for some items is less than 60 due to missing data.
Unique study specific items to assess participants' knowledge of measures of diabetes health status (e.g., Hemoglobin A1C) will be administered to all study participants at enrollment (T0) and one month follow-up (T1).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=60 Participants
Patients have access to a patient web portal with the Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard activated.
Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard: The Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard (also known as My Diabetes Care) is embedded within a patient web portal and includes graphics to visualize and summarize patients' health data, incorporates motivational strategies (e.g., social comparisons), provides literacy level appropriate educational resources, and contains secure-messaging capability.
|
|---|---|
|
Change in Knowledge of Diabetes Measures
Identify goal range for A1c at T1
|
50 participants
|
|
Change in Knowledge of Diabetes Measures
Identify definition of A1c at T0
|
40 participants
|
|
Change in Knowledge of Diabetes Measures
Identify definition of A1c at T1
|
45 participants
|
|
Change in Knowledge of Diabetes Measures
Identify goal range for A1c at T0
|
50 participants
|
|
Change in Knowledge of Diabetes Measures
Identify definition of blood pressure at T0
|
43 participants
|
|
Change in Knowledge of Diabetes Measures
Identify definition of blood pressure at T1
|
46 participants
|
|
Change in Knowledge of Diabetes Measures
Identify goal range for blood pressure at T0
|
17 participants
|
|
Change in Knowledge of Diabetes Measures
Identify goal range for blood pressure at T1
|
28 participants
|
|
Change in Knowledge of Diabetes Measures
Identify definition of LDL cholesterol at T0
|
22 participants
|
|
Change in Knowledge of Diabetes Measures
Identify definition of LDL cholesterol at T1
|
25 participants
|
|
Change in Knowledge of Diabetes Measures
Identify goal range for LDL cholesterol at T0
|
15 participants
|
|
Change in Knowledge of Diabetes Measures
Identify goal range for LDL cholesterol at T1
|
31 participants
|
|
Change in Knowledge of Diabetes Measures
Identify definition of flu vaccine at T0
|
58 participants
|
|
Change in Knowledge of Diabetes Measures
Identify definition of flu vaccine at T1
|
59 participants
|
|
Change in Knowledge of Diabetes Measures
Identify frequency of flu vaccination at T0
|
58 participants
|
|
Change in Knowledge of Diabetes Measures
Identify frequency of flu vaccination at T1
|
59 participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: enrollment (T0) and one month follow-up (T1)Population: Missing data for one participant
The Diabetes Care Profile (DCP) is a self-administered questionnaire that assesses the social and psychological factors related to diabetes and its treatment. The instrument includes sixteen scales. The Understanding Scale of the DCP contains 13 items that assesses respondents' perceived understanding of elements of diabetes self-care (e.g., diet for blood sugar control). We administered 9 of the 13 items to study participants, excluding items that referenced elements of self-management that are not covered in My Diabetes Care (e.g., pregnancy and diabetes). Respondents rate their understanding on a five-point Likert scale. The scale scores range from 1 to 5 and represents the average item score for the scale (∑ Q1-9/ Count of non-missing items). High scores indicate higher perceived understanding.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=59 Participants
Patients have access to a patient web portal with the Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard activated.
Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard: The Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard (also known as My Diabetes Care) is embedded within a patient web portal and includes graphics to visualize and summarize patients' health data, incorporates motivational strategies (e.g., social comparisons), provides literacy level appropriate educational resources, and contains secure-messaging capability.
|
|---|---|
|
Change in Diabetes Understanding
enrollment (T0)
|
3.4 score on a scale
Interval 3.0 to 4.0
|
|
Change in Diabetes Understanding
one month follow-up (T1)
|
3.7 score on a scale
Interval 3.0 to 4.0
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: enrollment (T0) and one month follow-up (T1)Unique study specific survey items to assess participants' attitudes toward receiving social and goal-based comparison information regarding their diabetes health status will be administered to all study participants at enrollment (T0) and one month follow-up (T1).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=60 Participants
Patients have access to a patient web portal with the Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard activated.
Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard: The Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard (also known as My Diabetes Care) is embedded within a patient web portal and includes graphics to visualize and summarize patients' health data, incorporates motivational strategies (e.g., social comparisons), provides literacy level appropriate educational resources, and contains secure-messaging capability.
|
|---|---|
|
Change in Attitudes
Interested in social comparison info at T0
|
51 participants
|
|
Change in Attitudes
Interested in social comparison info at T1
|
46 participants
|
|
Change in Attitudes
Interested goal-based comparison info at T0
|
58 participants
|
|
Change in Attitudes
Interested goal-based comparison info at T1
|
59 participants
|
|
Change in Attitudes
Agree social comparison info is useful at T0
|
49 participants
|
|
Change in Attitudes
Agree social comparison info is useful at T1
|
46 participants
|
|
Change in Attitudes
Agree goal-based comparison info is useful at T0
|
59 participants
|
|
Change in Attitudes
Agree goal-based comparison info is useful at T1
|
57 participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: enrollment (T0) and one month follow-up (T1)The Patient Activation Measure® (PAM-13) scale will be administered to all study participants at enrollment (T0) and one month follow-up (T1). The 13-item PAM® survey is a validated measure of patient activation (i.e., the knowledge, skills and confidence a person has in managing their own health and health care) and consists of 13 items. Each item uses a 4-point Likert-type scale of response options ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree to elicit endorsement of a particular statement. PAM® survey item responses result in total raw scores ranging from 13 to 52, which we converted to the linear interval scale of patient activation scores, ranging from 0 (lowest activation) to 100 (highest activation).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=60 Participants
Patients have access to a patient web portal with the Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard activated.
Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard: The Patient-facing Diabetes Dashboard (also known as My Diabetes Care) is embedded within a patient web portal and includes graphics to visualize and summarize patients' health data, incorporates motivational strategies (e.g., social comparisons), provides literacy level appropriate educational resources, and contains secure-messaging capability.
|
|---|---|
|
Change in Patient Activation
enrollment (T0)
|
64.3 score on a scale
Interval 55.6 to 72.5
|
|
Change in Patient Activation
one month follow-up (T1)
|
67.8 score on a scale
Interval 60.6 to 75.0
|
Adverse Events
Intervention
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
William Martinez, MD
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place