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EXperimental Paradigm to Investigate Expectation Change in Depression 4

NCT ID: NCT03780881

Last Updated: 2023-12-05

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

171 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2018-11-11

Study Completion Date

2019-08-31

Brief Summary

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Research has shown that people with depressive symptoms maintain negative expectations even if they have positive experiences that contradict their expectations. Healthy people, however, change their expectations after unexpected positive experiences. In this experimental study, it will now be examined whether there are also differences between healthy people and people with depressive symptoms in dealing with unexpected negative experiences.

Detailed Description

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Research has already shown that people with depressive symptoms continue to hold on to negative expectations even if they have positive experiences that contradict their expectations. By contrast, healthy people change their expectations after unexpectedly positive experiences. In this experimental study, the authors will now examine whether there are also differences between healthy people and people with depressive symptoms in processing unexpectedly negative experiences. It is hypothesized that people with depressive symptoms change their expectations in a negative direction after unexpectedly negative experiences, while healthy people continue to hold on to an optimistic view.

Conditions

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Major Depressive Disorder

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Participants are assigned to one of two experimental groups in parallel for the duration of the study
Primary Study Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Investigators
The investigator randomly assigns participants to one of the experimental conditions. Participants are not aware which experimental condition they are allocated to.

Study Groups

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Expectation confirmation

The participants in this group receive manipulated feedback indicating that their performance was very good in the test they had previously worked on. This feedback is intended to confirm the previously induced positive expectations of their own performance.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Expectation confirmation

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Participants receive manipulated feedback indicating that their performance was above average in the test they had previously worked on. This feedback is intended to confirm the previously induced positive expectations of their own performance.

Expectation disconfirmation

The participants in this group receive manipulated feedback indicating that their performance was below average in the test they had previously worked on. This feedback is intended to negatively disconfirm the previously induced positive expectations of their own performance.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Expectation disconfirmation

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Participants receive manipulated feedback indicating that their performance was below average in the test they had previously worked on. This feedback is intended to negatively disconfirm the previously induced positive expectations of their own performance.

Interventions

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Expectation confirmation

Participants receive manipulated feedback indicating that their performance was above average in the test they had previously worked on. This feedback is intended to confirm the previously induced positive expectations of their own performance.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Expectation disconfirmation

Participants receive manipulated feedback indicating that their performance was below average in the test they had previously worked on. This feedback is intended to negatively disconfirm the previously induced positive expectations of their own performance.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* diagnosis of major depression
* at least 18 years old
* sufficient German language skills


* at least 18 years old
* sufficient German language skills

Exclusion Criteria

* participation in previous studies on changes in expectations


* participation in previous studies on changes in expectations
* current diagnosis of any mental disorder
* diagnosis of major depression in the past
* currently receiving psychotherapeutic treatment
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Philipps University Marburg

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Tobias Kube, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Philipps University Marburg

Locations

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Schoen Klinik Bad Arolsen

Bad Arolsen, Hesse, Germany

Site Status

Countries

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Germany

Other Identifiers

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2018-37k

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id