Trial Outcomes & Findings for A One-Day ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating (NCT NCT03744780)

NCT ID: NCT03744780

Last Updated: 2019-11-14

Results Overview

Emotional eating, as assessed by the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire Emotional Eating Subscale (DEBQ-EE). Participants are asked to rate the frequency with which they engage in particular eating behaviours, on a 5-point Likert-type rating scale from never (1) to very often (5), with higher scores reflecting higher emotional eating. Only the emotional eating subscale of the DEBQ will be assessed and is calculated by averaging the 13 items that assess emotional eating.

• Recruitment status: COMPLETED
• Study phase: NA
• Target enrollment: 32 participants
• Primary outcome timeframe: Assessed from baseline to 2-weeks post-intervention and 3-months post-intervention
• Results posted on: 2019-11-14

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Measure	ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating All participants were assigned to an ACT workshop designed to reduce emotional eating through the teaching of three skills: (1) values clarification/commitment, (2) acceptance/distress tolerance, and (3) mindfulness.
Overall Study STARTED	32
Overall Study COMPLETED	32
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

A One-Day ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Measure	ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating n=32 Participants All participants were assigned to an ACT workshop designed to reduce emotional eating through the teaching of three skills: (1) values clarification/commitment, (2) acceptance/distress tolerance, and (3) mindfulness.
Age, Continuous	46.71 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.43 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	28 Participants n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	4 Participants n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Ethnic group · Caucasian	25 Participants n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Ethnic group · Middle Eastern	1 Participants n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Ethnic group · Black	1 Participants n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Ethnic group · Hispanic	1 Participants n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Ethnic group · Other	4 Participants n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment Canada	32 participants n=5 Participants
Dutching Eating Behavior Questionnaire-emotional eating	3.91 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.46 • n=5 Participants
Distress Tolerance Scale	3.32 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.92 • n=5 Participants
Food Craving Acceptance and Action Questionnaire	28.18 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.24 • n=5 Participants
Mindful Eating Questionnaire	2.35 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.35 • n=5 Participants
ACT Values Application	3.24 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.66 • n=5 Participants
Emotional eating frequency	4.64 times per week STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.66 • n=5 Participants
Ability to stop emotional eating	1.96 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.88 • n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed from baseline to 2-weeks post-intervention and 3-months post-intervention

Population: Based on incomplete questionnaire data, 28/32 participants were included in the final analyses.

Emotional eating, as assessed by the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire Emotional Eating Subscale (DEBQ-EE). Participants are asked to rate the frequency with which they engage in particular eating behaviours, on a 5-point Likert-type rating scale from never (1) to very often (5), with higher scores reflecting higher emotional eating. Only the emotional eating subscale of the DEBQ will be assessed and is calculated by averaging the 13 items that assess emotional eating.

Outcome measures

Measure	ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating n=28 Participants All participants were assigned to an ACT workshop designed to reduce emotional eating through the teaching of three skills: (1) values clarification/commitment, (2) acceptance/distress tolerance, and (3) mindfulness.
Emotional Eating - 2-weeks Post-intervention	3.27 units on a scale Standard Deviation 0.58

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed from baseline to 2-weeks post-intervention and 3-months post-intervention

Population: Based on incomplete questionnaire data, 28/32 participants were included in the final analyses.

Emotional eating, as assessed by the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire Emotional Eating Subscale (DEBQ-EE). Participants are asked to rate the frequency with which they engage in particular eating behaviours, on a 5-point Likert-type rating scale from never (1) to very often (5), with higher scores reflecting higher emotional eating. Only the emotional eating subscale of the DEBQ will be assessed and is calculated by averaging the 13 items that assess emotional eating.

Outcome measures

Measure	ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating n=28 Participants All participants were assigned to an ACT workshop designed to reduce emotional eating through the teaching of three skills: (1) values clarification/commitment, (2) acceptance/distress tolerance, and (3) mindfulness.
Emotional Eating - 3-months Post-Intervention	3.10 units on a scale Standard Deviation 0.55

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed from baseline to 2-weeks post-intervention and 3-months post-intervention

Population: Based on incomplete questionnaire data, 28/32 participants were included in the final analyses.

Distress tolerance, as assessed by the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS). Participants are asked to indicate the extent to which they agree with statements aimed at assessing distress tolerance, absorption, appraisal, and regulation from 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree), with lower scores reflecting lower distress tolerance. Subscale scores are derived by calculating the means of the items that make up each subscale. Total score is calculating by averaging the four subscales.

Outcome measures

Measure	ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating n=28 Participants All participants were assigned to an ACT workshop designed to reduce emotional eating through the teaching of three skills: (1) values clarification/commitment, (2) acceptance/distress tolerance, and (3) mindfulness.
Distress Tolerance - 2-weeks Post-Intervention	3.17 units on a scale Standard Deviation 0.79

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed from baseline to 2-weeks post-intervention and 3-months post-intervention

Population: Based on incomplete questionnaire data, 28/32 participants were included in the final analyses.

Distress tolerance, as assessed by the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS). Participants are asked to indicate the extent to which they agree with statements aimed at assessing distress tolerance, absorption, appraisal, and regulation from 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree), with lower scores reflecting lower distress tolerance. Subscale scores are derived by calculating the means of the items that make up each subscale. Total score is calculating by averaging the four subscales.

Outcome measures

Measure	ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating n=28 Participants All participants were assigned to an ACT workshop designed to reduce emotional eating through the teaching of three skills: (1) values clarification/commitment, (2) acceptance/distress tolerance, and (3) mindfulness.
Distress Tolerance - 3-months Post-Intervention	2.87 units on a scale Standard Deviation 0.86

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed from baseline to 2-weeks post-intervention and 3-months post-intervention

Population: Based on incomplete questionnaire data, 28/32 participants were included in the final analyses.

Food craving acceptance and action, as assessed by the Food Craving Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (FAAQ). Items are rated on a 6-point Likert-type rating scale from 1 (very seldom true) to 6 (always true), with higher scores reflecting higher acceptance. Total score is derived by summing all items. Minimum score is 10 and maximum score is 60.

Outcome measures

Measure	ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating n=28 Participants All participants were assigned to an ACT workshop designed to reduce emotional eating through the teaching of three skills: (1) values clarification/commitment, (2) acceptance/distress tolerance, and (3) mindfulness.
Food Craving Acceptance and Action - 2-weeks Post-intervention	32.71 units on a scale Standard Deviation 4.29

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed from baseline to 2-weeks post-intervention and 3-months post-intervention

Population: Based on incomplete questionnaire data, 28/32 participants were included in the final analyses.

Food craving acceptance and action, as assessed by the Food Craving Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (FAAQ). Items are rated on a 6-point Likert-type rating scale from 1 (very seldom true) to 6 (always true), with higher scores reflecting higher acceptance. Total score is derived by summing all items. Minimum score is 10 and maximum score is 60.

Outcome measures

Measure	ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating n=28 Participants All participants were assigned to an ACT workshop designed to reduce emotional eating through the teaching of three skills: (1) values clarification/commitment, (2) acceptance/distress tolerance, and (3) mindfulness.
Food Craving Acceptance and Action - 3-months Post-intervention	32.68 units on a scale Standard Deviation 4.76

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed from baseline to 2-weeks post-intervention and 3-months post-intervention

Population: Based on incomplete questionnaire data, 28/32 participants were included in the final analyses.

Mindful eating, as assessed by the Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ). It is a 28-item self-report measure that assesses five domains of mindful eating: disinhibition, external cues, awareness, emotional response and distraction. Participants are asked to indicate the extent to which extent they agree with each item from 1 ("never" / "rarely") to 4 ("usually"/ "always"), with higher scores reflecting higher levels of mindful eating. Total score is derived by taking the mean of the five subscales.

Outcome measures

Measure	ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating n=28 Participants All participants were assigned to an ACT workshop designed to reduce emotional eating through the teaching of three skills: (1) values clarification/commitment, (2) acceptance/distress tolerance, and (3) mindfulness.
Mindful Eating - 2-weeks Post-intervention	2.51 units on a scale Standard Deviation 0.35

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed from baseline to 2-weeks post-intervention and 3-months post-intervention

Population: Based on incomplete questionnaire data, 28/32 participants were included in the final analyses.

Mindful eating, as assessed by the Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ). It is a 28-item self-report measure that assesses five domains of mindful eating: disinhibition, external cues, awareness, emotional response and distraction. Participants are asked to indicate the extent to which extent they agree with each item from 1 ("never" / "rarely") to 4 ("usually"/ "always"), with higher scores reflecting higher levels of mindful eating. Total score is derived by taking the mean of the five subscales.

Outcome measures

Measure	ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating n=28 Participants All participants were assigned to an ACT workshop designed to reduce emotional eating through the teaching of three skills: (1) values clarification/commitment, (2) acceptance/distress tolerance, and (3) mindfulness.
Mindful Eating - 3-months Post-intervention	2.65 units on a scale Standard Deviation 0.41

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed from baseline to 2-weeks post-intervention and 3-months post-intervention

Population: Based on incomplete questionnaire data, 28/32 participants were included in the final analyses.

Application of ACT values techniques taught during the workshop, as assessed by items developed by the study's authors. Participants were asked to rate the extent to which they agreed with a number of value-based statements on a scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Values score was derived by taking the mean of the items, with higher scores reflecting greater value-consistent eating behaviors.

Outcome measures

Measure	ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating n=28 Participants All participants were assigned to an ACT workshop designed to reduce emotional eating through the teaching of three skills: (1) values clarification/commitment, (2) acceptance/distress tolerance, and (3) mindfulness.
ACT Values Application - 2-weeks Post-intervention	3.79 units on a scale Standard Deviation 0.63

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed from baseline to 2-weeks post-intervention and 3-months post-intervention

Population: Based on incomplete questionnaire data, 28/32 participants were included in the final analyses.

Application of ACT values techniques taught during the workshop, as assessed by items developed by the study's authors. Participants were asked to rate the extent to which they agreed with a number of value-based statements on a scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Values score was derived by taking the mean of the items, with higher scores reflecting greater value-consistent eating behaviors.

Outcome measures

Measure	ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating n=28 Participants All participants were assigned to an ACT workshop designed to reduce emotional eating through the teaching of three skills: (1) values clarification/commitment, (2) acceptance/distress tolerance, and (3) mindfulness.
ACT Values Application - 3-months Post-intervention	3.63 units on a scale Standard Deviation 0.66

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed from baseline to 2-weeks post-intervention and 3-months post-intervention

Population: Based on incomplete questionnaire data, 28/32 participants were included in the final analyses.

As assessed by a self-report item developed by the study's authors. Participants were asked to report the number of times they engaged in emotional eating in the past week.

Outcome measures

Measure	ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating n=28 Participants All participants were assigned to an ACT workshop designed to reduce emotional eating through the teaching of three skills: (1) values clarification/commitment, (2) acceptance/distress tolerance, and (3) mindfulness.
Emotional Eating Frequency - 2-weeks Post-intervention	3.00 times per week Standard Deviation 1.49

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed from baseline to 2-weeks post-intervention and 3-months post-intervention

Population: Based on incomplete questionnaire data, 28/32 participants were included in the final analyses.

As assessed by a self-report item developed by the study's authors. Participants were asked to report the number of times they engaged in emotional eating in the past week.

Outcome measures

Measure	ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating n=28 Participants All participants were assigned to an ACT workshop designed to reduce emotional eating through the teaching of three skills: (1) values clarification/commitment, (2) acceptance/distress tolerance, and (3) mindfulness.
Emotional Eating Frequency - 3-months Post-intervention	3.43 times per week Standard Deviation 1.67

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed from baseline to 2-weeks post-intervention and 3-months post-intervention

Population: Based on incomplete questionnaire data, 28/32 participants were included in the final analyses.

As assessed by a single self-report item developed by the study's authors. Participants were asked to report the number of instances in which they began to engage in emotional eating and were able to stop themselves, on a scale from 1 (none of the time) to 5 (very often).

Outcome measures

Measure	ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating n=28 Participants All participants were assigned to an ACT workshop designed to reduce emotional eating through the teaching of three skills: (1) values clarification/commitment, (2) acceptance/distress tolerance, and (3) mindfulness.
Ability to Stop Emotional Eating - 2-weeks Post-intervention	2.68 units on a scale Standard Deviation 1.12

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed from baseline to 2-weeks post-intervention and 3-months post-intervention

Population: Based on incomplete questionnaire data, 28/32 participants were included in the final analyses.

As assessed by a single self-report item developed by the study's authors. Participants were asked to report the number of instances in which they began to engage in emotional eating and were able to stop themselves, on a scale from 1 (none of the time) to 5 (very often).

Outcome measures

Measure	ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating n=28 Participants All participants were assigned to an ACT workshop designed to reduce emotional eating through the teaching of three skills: (1) values clarification/commitment, (2) acceptance/distress tolerance, and (3) mindfulness.
Ability to Stop Emotional Eating - 3-months Post-intervention	2.71 units on a scale Standard Deviation 1.01

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed throughout the duration of the study from the recruitment period to the completion of the workshops and follow-up questionnaires (i.e., over a 3-month period).

Population: The population of analysis were the 59 individuals who initially expressed interest in the study.

These include recruitment, eligibility, attendance, and attrition rates

Outcome measures

Measure	ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating n=59 Participants All participants were assigned to an ACT workshop designed to reduce emotional eating through the teaching of three skills: (1) values clarification/commitment, (2) acceptance/distress tolerance, and (3) mindfulness.
Feasibility Data: Recruitment, Eligibility, Attendance, and Attrition Rates Recruitment	59 Participants
Feasibility Data: Recruitment, Eligibility, Attendance, and Attrition Rates Eligibility	44 Participants
Feasibility Data: Recruitment, Eligibility, Attendance, and Attrition Rates Attendance	32 Participants
Feasibility Data: Recruitment, Eligibility, Attendance, and Attrition Rates Attrition	2 Participants

Adverse Events

ACT Workshop for Emotional Eating

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Mallory Frayn, PhD(c)

McGill University

Phone: N/A

Email: mallory.frayn@mail.mcgill.ca

Results disclosure agreements

• Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
• Publication restrictions are in place